A bulk metal oxide catalyst composition of the general formula (X)b(M)c(Z)d(O)e (I) wherein X represents at least one non-noble Group VIII metal; M represents at least one non-noble Group VIb metal; Z represents one or more elements selected from aluminium, silicon, magnesium, titanium, zirconium
A bulk metal oxide catalyst composition of the general formula (X)b(M)c(Z)d(O)e (I) wherein X represents at least one non-noble Group VIII metal; M represents at least one non-noble Group VIb metal; Z represents one or more elements selected from aluminium, silicon, magnesium, titanium, zirconium, boron, and zinc; one of b and c is the integer 1; and d and e and the other of b and c each are a number greater than 0 such that the molar ratio of b:c is in the range of from 0.5:1 to 5:1, the molar ratio of d:c is in the range of from 0.2:1 to 50:1, and the molar ratio of e:c is in the range of from 3.7:1 to 108:1; is prepared by controlled (co)precipitation of component metal compounds, refractory oxide material, and alkali compound in protic liquid. Resulting compositions find use in hydrotreatment processes involving particularly hydrodesulphurisation and hydrodenitrification.
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We claim: 1. A catalyst comprising a composition of the general formula, on an oxide basis, (X)b(M)c(Z)d(O)e (I) wherein X represents at least one non-noble Group VIII metal; M represents at least one Group VIb metal; Z represents one or more elements selected from aluminium, silicon, magnesium
We claim: 1. A catalyst comprising a composition of the general formula, on an oxide basis, (X)b(M)c(Z)d(O)e (I) wherein X represents at least one non-noble Group VIII metal; M represents at least one Group VIb metal; Z represents one or more elements selected from aluminium, silicon, magnesium, titanium, zirconium, boron and zinc; O represents oxygen; one of b and c is the integer 1; and d, e, and the other of b and c each are a number greater than 0 such that the molar ratio of b:c is in the range of from 0.5:1 to 5:1, the molar ratio of d:c is in the range of from 0.1:1 to 50:1, and the molar ratio of e:c is in the range of from 3.6:1 to 108:1; which is prepared by a precipitation process, wherein a refractory oxide material in an amount in the range of from 15 to 40 wt %, on an oxide basis, is precipitated with at least one non-noble Group VIII compound and at least one Group VIb metal compound; and which has an XRD diffraction pattern in which above 2θ=15°, there is a local maximum having a characteristic full width at a half maximum above 2.5° at each of a 2θ value in the range of from 25.5° to 28.0°; a 2θ value in the range of from 33.6° to 34.6°; and a 2θ value in the range of from 59.8° to 62.2°, and there is no reflection or local maximum having a characteristic full width at half maximum of 2.5° or below. 2. A catalyst as claimed in claim 1, wherein the metals X and M are one of nickel and molybdenum, nickel and tungsten, and nickel, molybdenum and tungsten. 3. A catalyst as claimed in claim 2, which is XRD-amorphous. 4. A catalyst as recited in claim 1, wherein X represents nickel, cobalt or a combination of nickel and cobalt. 5. A catalyst as recited in claim 4, wherein M represents molybdenum, tungsten or a combination of molybdenum and tungsten. 6. A catalyst as recited in claim 5, wherein the molar ratio of b:c is in the range of from 0.75:1 to 3:1, the molar ratio of d:c is in the range of from 0.2:1 to 20:1, and the molar ratio is in the range of from 4.1:1 to 46:1. 7. A catalyst as recited in claim 6, wherein the refractory oxide material is precipitated with the metals compounds in an amount in the range of from 15 to 25 wt %. 8. A catalyst as recited in claim 6, wherein X is nickel, M is molybdenum, and Z is silicon, the molar ratio of b:c is in the range of from 1:1 to 2:1, the molar ratio of d:c is in the range of from 0.65:1 to 2:1, and the molar ratio is in the range of from 5.3:1 to 9.0:1. 9. A catalyst as recited in claim 8, wherein the refractory oxide material is precipitated with the metals compounds in an amount in the range of from 15 to 25 wt %. 10. A catalyst as recited in claim 8, wherein M represents molybdenum, tungsten or a combination of molybdenum and tungsten. 11. A catalyst as recited in claim 10, wherein the molar ratio of b:c is in the range of from 0.75:1 to 3:1, the molar ratio of d:c is in the range of from 0.2:1 to 20:1, and the molar ratio is in the range of from 4.1:1 to 46:1. 12. A catalyst as recited in claim 11, wherein X is nickel, M is molybdenum, and Z is silicon, the molar ratio of b:c is in the range of from 1:1 to 2:1, the molar ratio of d:c is in the range of from 0.65:1 to 2:1, and the molar ratio is in the range of from 5.3:1 to 9.0:1. 13. A catalyst as recited in claim 12, wherein the refractory oxide material is precipitated with the metals compounds in an amount in the range of from 15 to 25 wt %. 14. An XRD-amorphous catalyst which has an XRD diffraction pattern in which above 2θ=15°, there is a local maximum having a characteristic full width at a half maximum above 2.5° at each of a 2θ value in the range of from 25.5° to 28.0°; a 2θ value in the range of from 33.6° to 34.6°; and a 2θ value in the range of from 59.8° to 62.2°, and there is no reflection or local maximum having a characteristic full width at half maximum of 2.5° or below. 15. A catalyst as claimed in claim 14, wherein X is nickel, M is molybdenum, Z is silicon; the molar ratio of X:M is in the range of from 1:1 to 2:1 and the refractory oxide material is precipitated with the metals compounds in an amount in the range of from 15 to 30 wt %. 16. An XRD-amorphous catalyst as recited in claim 14, wherein X represents nickel, cobalt or a combination of nickel and cobalt. 17. An XRD-amorphous catalyst as recited in claim 16, wherein M represents molybdenum, tungsten or a combination of molybdenum and tungsten. 18. An XRD-amorphous catalyst as recited in claim 17, wherein the molar ratio of b:c is in the range of from 0.75:1 to 3:1, the molar ratio of d:c is in the range of from 0.2:1 to 20:1, and the molar ratio is in the range of from 4.1:1 to 46:1. 19. An XRD-amorphous catalyst as recited in claim 18, wherein the refractory oxide material is precipitated with the metals compounds in an amount in the range of from 15 to 25 wt %. 20. An XRD-amorphous catalyst as recited in claim 18, wherein X is nickel, M is molybdenum, and Z is silicon, the molar ratio of b:c is in the range of from 1:1 to 2:1, the molar ratio of d:c is in the range of from 0.65:1 to 2:1, and the molar ratio is in the range of from 5.3:1 to 9.0:1. 21. An XRD-amorphous catalyst as recited in claim 20, wherein the refractory oxide material is precipitated with the metals compounds in an amount in the range of from 15 to 25 wt %. 22. An XRD-amorphous catalyst as recited in claim 14, wherein M represents molybdenum, tungsten or a combination of molybdenum and tungsten. 23. An XRD-amorphous catalyst as recited in claim 22, wherein the molar ratio of b:c is in the range of from 0.75:1 to 3:1, the molar ratio of d:c is in the range of from 0.2:1 to 20:1, and the molar ratio is in the range of from 4.1:1 to 46:1. 24. An XRD-amorphous catalyst as recited in claim 23, wherein X is nickel, M is molybdenum, and Z is silicon, the molar ratio of b:c is in the range of from 1:1 to 2:1, the molar ratio of d:c is in the range of from 0.65:1 to 2:1, and the molar ratio is in the range of from 5.3:1 to 9.0:1. 25. An XRD-amorphous catalyst as recited in claim 24, wherein the refractory oxide material is precipitated with the metals compounds in an amount in the range of from 15 to 25 wt %. 26. A hydroprocessing method, comprising: contacting under hydroprocessing conditions a hydrocarbon feed with a catalyst comprising a composition of the general formula, on an oxide basis, (X)b(M)c(Z)d(O)e (I) wherein X represents at least one non-noble Group VIII metal; M represents at least one Group VIb metal; Z represents one or more elements selected from aluminum, silicon, magnesium, titanium, zirconium, boron and zinc; O represents oxygen; one of b and c is the integer 1; and d, e, and the other of b and c each are a number greater than 0 such that the molar ratio of b:c is in the range of from 0.5:1 to 5:1, the molar ratio of d:c is in the range of from 0.2:1 to 50:1, and the molar ratio of e:c is in the range of from 3.7:1 to 108:1; which is prepared by a precipitation process, wherein a refractory oxide material in an amount in the range of from 15 to 40 wt %, on an oxide basis, is precipitated with at least one non-noble Group VIII compound and at least one Group VIb metal compound; and wherein said composition has an XRD diffraction pattern in which above 2θ=15°, there is a local maximum having a characteristic full width at a half maximum above 2.5° at each of a 2θ value in the range of from 25.5° to 28.0°; a 2θ value in the range of from 33.6° to 34.6°; and a 2θ value in the range of from 59.8° to 62.2°, and there is no reflection or local maximum having a characteristic full width at half maximum of 2.5° or below. 27. A hydroprocessing method as recited in claim 26 wherein said composition is XRD-amorphous. 28. A hydroprocessing method as recited in claim 27 wherein the metals X and M are one of nickel and molybdenum, nickel and tungsten, and nickel, molybdenum and tungsten. 29. A hydroprocessing method as recited in claim 28, wherein said catalyst has an XRD diffraction pattern in which above 2θ=15°, there is a local maximum having a characteristic full width at a half maximum above 2.5° at each of a 2θ value in the range of from 25.5° to 28.0°; a 2θ value in the range of from 33.6° to 34.6°; and a 2θ value in the range of from 59.8° to 62.2°, and there is no reflection or local maximum having a characteristic full width at half maximum of 2.5° or below. 30. A hydroprocessing method as recited in claim 29, wherein X is nickel, M is molybdenum, Z is silicon; the molar ratio of X:M is in the range of from 1:1 to 2:1 and the refractory oxide material is precipitated with the metals compounds in an amount in the range of from 15 to 30 wt %.
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