초록

A pharmaceutical or dietetic dosage form comprising of effective quantity of an active substance chemically or physically bound to a support comprising sporopollenin, or other similar exine coating of spores, of a plant or fungus, optionally with further excipients.

대표청구항 ▼

The invention claimed is: 1. A pharmaceutical or dietetic dosage form comprising an effective quantity of an active substance chemically or physically bound to, or encapsulated within, a support selected from: an exine coating of spores of a plant, moss, fungus, bacterium or algae or a fragment the

The invention claimed is: 1. A pharmaceutical or dietetic dosage form comprising an effective quantity of an active substance chemically or physically bound to, or encapsulated within, a support selected from: an exine coating of spores of a plant, moss, fungus, bacterium or algae or a fragment thereof, wherein: the active substance comprises one or more drugs, one or more dietetic substances, or a mixture thereof; the coating comprises sporopollenin derived from plant, moss, fungus, bacterium or algae spores; the dosage form is in the form of a foodstuff or a pharmaceutical selected from the group consisting of a tablet, a capsule, a soft gel capsule, an ovule, an elixir, granules, an inhaleable formulation comprising an inhaleable carrier, a suppository, a pessary, a gel, a hydrogel lotion, a cream, an ointment, a dusting powder and a skin patch; and any spore protein present in the dosage form is present at less than 0.5% of the exine coating. 2. A dosage form as claimed in claim 1 which is adapted for administration orally, buccally, sublingually or transdermally. 3. A dosage form as claimed in claim 1 which is adapted for intra-nasal or pulmonary administration. 4. A dosage form as claimed in claim 1 wherein the support has a particle size in the range about 1-100 microns. 5. A dosage form as claimed in claim 4 wherein the support has a particle size in the range about 1-30 microns. 6. A dosage form as claimed in claim 5 wherein the support has a particle size in the range about 1-10 microns. 7. A dosage form as claimed in claim 1 wherein the active substance comprises a peptide or genetic material. 8. A dosage form as claimed in claim 1 wherein the exine coating is functionalised. 9. A dosage form as claimed in claim 1 wherein the active substance is either base or acid labile. 10. A dosage form as claimed in claim 1 wherein the active substance is a metal. 11. A dosage form as claimed in claim 1 wherein the outside of the exine coating is further coated with a material to aid retention of the active substance. 12. A dosage form as claimed in claim 1 wherein the active substance is absorbed on the surface of the support. 13. dosage form as claimed in claim 1 wherein the exine coating contains a sufficiently low level of spore protein that further loss of protein is not observed following reflux of the exine coating for 2 hours in 6% w/v aqueous potassium hydroxide. 14. A dosage form as claimed in claim 1 wherein the active substance is encapsulated within a cavity within a wall of the exine coating, or within its central cavity. 15. A dosage form as claimed in claim 14 wherein the active substance is encapsulated within the central cavity of the exine coating. 16. A dosage form as claimed in claim 1 wherein the exine coating comprises less than 0.1% spore protein. 17. A dosage form as claimed in claim 1 wherein the active substance comprises a substance selected from the group consisting of a vitamin, mineral, essential oil, or food flavoring. 18. A dosage form as claimed in claim 1 wherein the exine coating is derived from a Lycopodium spore. 19. A dosage form as claimed in claim 18 wherein the exine coating is derived from a Lycopodium clavatum spore. 20. A dosage form as claimed in claim 1 wherein the dosage form is in the form of a tablet. 21. A dosage form as claimed in claim 1 wherein the dosage form is in the form of a capsule. 22. A dosage form as claimed in claim 1 wherein the dosage form is in the form of a soft gel capsule. 23. A dosage form as claimed in claim 1 wherein the dosage form is in the form of an ovule. 24. A dosage form as claimed in claim 1 wherein the dosage form is in the form of an elixir. 25. A dosage form as claimed in claim 1 wherein the dosage form is in the form of granules. 26. A dosage form as claimed in claim 1 wherein the dosage form is in the form of an inhaleable formulation comprising an inhaleable carrier. 27. A dosage form as claimed in claim 1 wherein the dosage form is in the form of a suppository. 28. A dosage form as claimed in claim 1 wherein the dosage form is in the form of a pessary. 29. A dosage form as claimed in claim 1 wherein the dosage form is in the form of a gel. 30. A dosage form as claimed in claim 1 wherein the dosage form is in the form of a hydrogel lotion. 31. A dosage form as claimed in claim 1 wherein the dosage form is in the form of a cream. 32. A dosage form as claimed in claim 1 wherein the dosage form is in the form of an ointment. 33. A dosage form as claimed in claim 1 wherein the dosage form is in the form of a dusting powder. 34. A dosage form as claimed in claim 1 wherein the dosage form is in the form of a skin patch. 35. A pharmaceutical or dietetic dosage form comprising an effective quantity of an active substance chemically or physically bound to, or encapsulated within, a support selected from: an exine coating of spores of a plant, moss, fungus, bacterium or algae or a fragment thereof, wherein: the active substance comprises one or more drugs, one or more dietetic substances, or a mixture thereof; the coating comprises sporopollenin derived from plant, moss, fungus, bacterium or algae spores; the dosage form is in the form of a foodstuff or a pharmaceutical selected from the group consisting of a tablet, a capsule, a soft gel capsule, an ovule, an elixir, granules, an inhaleable formulation comprising an inhaleable carrier, a suppository, a pessary, a gel, a hydrogel lotion, a cream, an ointment, a dusting powder and a skin patch; and the exine coating is obtainable by a process comprising treating a spore with a solvent, an alkali and an acid and is formulated without additional spore protein. 36. A dosage form as claimed in claim 35 which is adapted for administration orally, buccally, sublingually or transdermally. 37. A dosage form as claimed in claim 36 wherein the support has a particle size in the range about 1-30 microns. 38. A dosage form as claimed in claim 35 which is adapted for intra-nasal or pulmonary administration. 39. A dosage form as claimed in claim 38 wherein the support has a particle size in the range about 1-10 microns. 40. A dosage form as claimed in claim 35 wherein the support has a particle size in the range about 1-100 microns. 41. A dosage form as claimed in claim 35 wherein the active substance comprises a peptide or genetic material. 42. A dosage form as claimed in claim 35 wherein the exine coating is functionalised. 43. A dosage form as claimed in claim 35 wherein the active substance is either base or acid labile. 44. A dosage form as claimed in claim 35 wherein the active substance is a metal. 45. A dosage form as claimed in claim 35 wherein the outside of the exine coating is further coated with a material to aid retention of the active substance. 46. A dosage form as claimed in claim 35 wherein the active substance is absorbed on the surface of the support. 47. A dosage form as claimed in claim 35 wherein the exine coating contains a sufficiently low level of spore protein that further loss of protein is not observed following reflux of the exine coating for 2 hours in 6% w/v aqueous potassium hydroxide. 48. A dosage form as claimed in claim 35 wherein the active substance is encapsulated within a cavity within a wall of the exine coating, or within its central cavity. 49. A dosage form as claimed in claim 48 wherein the active substance is encapsulated within the central cavity of the exine coating. 50. A dosage form as claimed in claim 35 wherein the exine coating comprises less than 0.1% spore protein. 51. A dosage form as claimed in claim 50 wherein the exine coating is derived from a Lycopodium clavatum spore. 52. A dosage form as claimed in claim 35 wherein the active substance comprises a substance selected from the group consisting of a vitamin, mineral, essential oil, or food flavoring. 53. A dosage form as claimed in claim 35 wherein the exine coating is derived from a Lycopodium spore. 54. A dosage form as claimed in claim 35 wherein the dosage form is in the form of a tablet. 55. A dosage form as claimed in claim 35 wherein the dosage form is in the form of a capsule. 56. A dosage form as claimed in claim 35 wherein the dosage form is in the form of a soft gel capsule. 57. A dosage form as claimed in claim 35 wherein the dosage form is in the form of an ovule. 58. A dosage form as claimed in claim 35 wherein the dosage form is in the form of an elixir. 59. A dosage form as claimed in claim 35 wherein the dosage form is in the form of granules. 60. A dosage form as claimed in claim 35 wherein the dosage form is in the form of an inhaleable formulation comprising an inhaleable carrier. 61. A dosage form as claimed in claim 35 wherein the dosage form is in the form of a suppository. 62. A dosage form as claimed in claim 35 wherein the dosage form is in the form of a pessary. 63. A dosage form as claimed in claim 35 wherein the dosage form is in the form of a gel. 64. A dosage form as claimed in claim 35 wherein the dosage form is in the form of a hydrogel lotion. 65. A dosage form as claimed in claim 35 wherein the dosage form is in the form of a cream. 66. A dosage form as claimed in claim 35 wherein the dosage form is in the form of an ointment. 67. A dosage form as claimed in claim 35 wherein the dosage form is in the form of a dusting powder. 68. A dosage form as claimed in claim 35 wherein the dosage form is in the form of a skin patch. 69. A pharmaceutical or dietetic dosage form comprising an effective quantity of an active substance chemically or physically bound to, or encapsulated within, a support selected from: an exine coating of spores of a plant, moss, fungus, bacterium or algae or a fragment thereof, wherein: the active substance comprises one or more drugs, one or more dietetic substances, or a mixture thereof; the coating comprises sporopollenin derived from plant, moss, fungus, bacterium or algae spores; the dosage form is in the form of a foodstuff or a pharmaceutical comprising an ingredient selected from the group consisting of a flavor, a preservative, an antioxidant, a disintegrant, and an effervescent couple; and any spore protein present in the dosage form is present at less than 0.5% of the exine coating. 70. A dosage form as claimed in claim 69, wherein the ingredient comprises a flavor. 71. A dosage form as claimed in claim 69, wherein the ingredient comprises a preservative. 72. A dosage form as claimed in claim 69, wherein the ingredient comprises an antioxidant. 73. A dosage form as claimed in claim 69, wherein the ingredient comprises a disintegrant. 74. A dosage form as claimed in claim 69, wherein the ingredient comprises an effervescent couple. 75. A pharmaceutical or dietetic dosage form comprising an effective quantity of an active substance chemically or physically bound to, or encapsulated within, a support selected from: an exine coating of spores of a plant, moss, fungus, bacterium or algae or a fragment thereof, wherein: the active substance comprises one or more drugs. one or more dietetic substances, or a mixture thereof; the coating comprises sporopollenin derived from plant, moss, fungus, bacterium or algae spores; the dosage form is in the form of a foodstuff or a pharmaceutical comprising an ingredient selected from the group consisting of a flavor, a preservative, an antioxidant, a disintegrant, and an effervescent couple; and the exine coating is obtainable by a process comprising treating a spore with a solvent, an alkali and an acid and is formulated without additional spore protein. 76. A dosage form as claimed in claim 75, wherein the ingredient comprises a flavor. 77. A dosage form as claimed in claim 75, wherein the ingredient comprises a preservative. 78. A dosage form as claimed in claim 75, wherein the ingredient comprises an antioxidant. 79. A dosage form as claimed in claim 75, wherein the ingredient comprises a disintegrant. 80. A dosage form as claimed in claim 75, wherein the ingredient comprises an effervescent couple. 81. A dosage form as claimed in claims 69 or 75, wherein the dosage form comprises, or is present in, a food. 82. A dosage form as claimed in claims 69 or 75, wherein the dosage form comprises, or is present in, a drink.