Fire suppression system using high velocity low pressure emitters
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
A62C-035/00
A62C-037/08
F23D-011/10
출원번호
UP-0451794
(2006-06-13)
등록번호
US-7726408
(2010-06-22)
발명자
/ 주소
Reilly, William J.
Ballard, Robert J.
Blease, Kevin J.
Ide, Stephen R.
출원인 / 주소
Victaulic Company
대리인 / 주소
Ballard Spahr LLP
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
3인용 특허 :
36
초록▼
A fire suppression system is disclosed. The system includes a source of pressurized gas and a source of pressurized liquid. At least one emitter is in fluid communication with the liquid and gas sources. The emitter is used to establish a gas stream, atomize and entrain the liquid into the gas strea
A fire suppression system is disclosed. The system includes a source of pressurized gas and a source of pressurized liquid. At least one emitter is in fluid communication with the liquid and gas sources. The emitter is used to establish a gas stream, atomize and entrain the liquid into the gas stream and discharge the resulting liquid-gas stream onto the fire. A method of operating the system is also disclosed. The method includes establishing a gas stream having first and second shock fronts using the emitter, atomizing and entraining the liquid with the gas at one of the two shock fronts to form a liquid-gas stream, and discharging the stream onto the fire. The method also includes creating a plurality of shock diamonds in the liquid-gas stream discharged from the emitter.
대표청구항▼
What is claimed is: 1. A method of operating a fire suppression system, said system having an emitter comprising: a nozzle having an unobstructed bore positioned between an inlet and an outlet, said nozzle inlet being connected in fluid communication with a pressurized gas source, said outlet havin
What is claimed is: 1. A method of operating a fire suppression system, said system having an emitter comprising: a nozzle having an unobstructed bore positioned between an inlet and an outlet, said nozzle inlet being connected in fluid communication with a pressurized gas source, said outlet having a diameter; a duct, separate from said nozzle and connected in fluid communication with a pressurized liquid source, said duct having an exit orifice positioned adjacent to said nozzle outlet; a deflector surface positioned facing said nozzle outlet in spaced relation thereto, said deflector surface comprising a flat surface oriented substantially perpendicularly to said nozzle, said flat surface having a wetted area defined by a minimum diameter approximately equal to said outlet diameter; said method comprising: discharging said liquid from said exit orifice; discharging said gas from said nozzle outlet, said gas achieving supersonic speed; establishing a first shock front between said outlet and said deflector surface wherein said gas slows to subsonic speed and then impinges on said wetted area; establishing a second shock front proximate to said deflector surface, said gas moving across said wetted area and increasing to supersonic speed between said first shock front and said second shock front, and decreasing in speed after passing through said second shock front; entraining said liquid in said gas proximate to said second shock front to form a liquid-gas stream; and projecting said liquid-gas stream from said emitter. 2. A method according to claim 1, wherein said system comprises: a plurality of compressed gas tanks forming said source of pressurized gas; a plurality of control valves, each one being associated with one of said compressed gas tanks; a supervisory loop in communication with said control valves for monitoring the open and closed status of said control valves; and said method comprising monitoring the status of said control valves and maintaining said control valves in an open configuration during operation of said system. 3. A method according to claim 1, comprising establishing a plurality of shock diamonds in said liquid-gas stream. 4. A method according to claim 1, comprising creating an overexpanded gas flow jet after exiting from said nozzle. 5. A method according to claim 1, comprising supplying gas to said inlet at a pressure between about 29 psia and about 60 psia. 6. A method according to claim 1, comprising supplying liquid to said duct at a pressure between about 1 psig and about 50 psig. 7. A method according to claim 1, further comprising entraining said liquid with said gas proximate to said first shock front. 8. A method according to claim 1, wherein said fluid stream does not separate from said deflector surface. 9. A method according to claim 1, comprising creating no significant acoustic energy from said emitter other than jet noise. 10. A method according to claim 1, further comprising generating momentum in said gas flow jet. 11. A method according to claim 1, further comprising projecting said liquid-gas stream at a velocity of about 1,200 ft/min at a distance of about 18 inches from said emitter. 12. A method according to claim 1, further comprising projecting said liquid-gas stream at a velocity of about 700 ft/min at a distance of about 8 feet from said emitter. 13. A method according to claim 1, further comprising establishing flow pattern from said emitter having a predetermined included angle by providing an angled portion of said deflector surface surrounding said flat surface. 14. A method according to claim 1, comprising drawing said liquid into said gas using a pressure differential between the pressure in said gas and the ambient. 15. A method according to claim 1, comprising entraining said liquid into said gas and atomizing said liquid into drops less than 20 μm in diameter. 16. A method according to claim 1, comprising drawing an oxygen depleted smoke layer into said gas and entraining said smoke layer with said liquid-gas stream of said emitter. 17. A method according to claim 1, comprising discharging an inert gas from said outlet. 18. A method according to claim 1, comprising discharging a mixture of inert and chemically active gases from said outlet. 19. A method according to claim 18, wherein said gas mixture comprises air. 20. A method of operating a fire suppression system, said system having an emitter comprising: a nozzle having an unobstructed bore positioned between an inlet and an outlet, said nozzle inlet being connected in fluid communication with a pressurized gas source, said outlet having a diameter; a duct, separate from said nozzle and connected in fluid communication with a pressurized liquid source, said duct having an exit orifice positioned adjacent to said nozzle outlet; a deflector surface positioned facing said nozzle outlet in spaced relation thereto, said deflector surface comprising a flat surface oriented substantially perpendicularly to said nozzle, said flat surface having a wetted area defined by a minimum diameter approximately equal to said outlet diameter; said method comprising: discharging said liquid from said exit orifice; discharging said gas from said nozzle outlet, said gas achieving supersonic speed; establishing a first shock front between said outlet and said deflector surface wherein said gas slows to subsonic speed and then impinges on said wetted surface; establishing a second shock front proximate to said deflector surface, said gas moving across said wetted area and increasing to supersonic speed between said first shock front and said second shock front, and decreasing in speed after passing through said second shock front; entraining said liquid in said gas at at least one of said shock fronts to form a liquid-gas stream; and projecting said liquid-gas stream from said emitter. 21. A method according to claim 20, further comprising entraining said liquid with said gas proximate to said second shock front. 22. A method according to claim 20, further comprising entraining said liquid with said gas proximate to said first shock front. 23. A method according to claim 20, further comprising drawing an oxygen depleted smoke layer into said gas flow and entraining said smoke layer with said liquid-gas stream. 24. A fire suppression system, comprising: a source of pressurized gas; a source of pressurized liquid; at least one emitter for atomizing and discharging said liquid entrained in said gas on a fire; a gas conduit providing fluid communication between said pressurized gas source and said emitter; a piping network, separate from said gas conduit, said piping network providing fluid communication between said pressurized liquid source and said emitter; a first valve in said gas conduit controlling pressure and flow rate of said gas to said emitter; a second valve in said piping network controlling pressure and flow rate of said liquid to said emitter; a pressure transducer measuring pressure within said gas conduit; a fire detection device positioned proximate to said emitter; said emitter comprising: a nozzle having an inlet and an outlet and an unobstructed bore therebetween, said inlet being connected in fluid communication with said first valve, said outlet having a diameter; a duct, separate from said nozzle and connected in fluid communication with said second valve, said duct having an exit orifice separate from and positioned adjacent to said nozzle outlet; a deflector surface positioned facing said nozzle outlet, said deflector surface being positioned in spaced relation to said nozzle outlet and having a first surface portion comprising a flat surface oriented substantially perpendicularly to said nozzle and a second surface portion comprising an angled surface surrounding said flat surface, said flat surface having a wetted area defined by a minimum diameter approximately equal to said outlet diameter; and a control system in communication with said first and second valves, said pressure transducer and said fire detection device, said control system receiving signals from said pressure transducer and said fire detection device and opening said valves in response to a signal indicative of a fire from said fire detection device. 25. A system according to claim 24, further comprising: a plurality of compressed gas tanks comprising said source of pressurized gas; and a high pressure manifold providing fluid communication between said compressed gas tanks and said first valve. 26. A system according to claim 25, further comprising: a plurality of control valves, each one being associated with one of said compressed gas tanks; and a supervisory loop in communication with said control system and said control valves for monitoring the status of said control valves. 27. A system according to claim 24, wherein said nozzle is a convergent nozzle. 28. A system according to claim 24, wherein said outlet has a diameter between about 1/8 and about 1 inch. 29. A system according to claim 24, wherein said orifice has a diameter between about 1/32 and about 1/8 inch. 30. A system according to claim 24, wherein said deflector surface is spaced from said outlet by a distance between about 1/10 and about 3/4 of an inch. 31. A system according to claim 24, wherein said angled surface has a sweep back angle between about 15° and about 45° measured from said flat surface. 32. A system according to claim 24, wherein said exit orifice is spaced from said outlet by a distance between about 1/64 and 1/8 of an inch. 33. A system according to claim 24, wherein said nozzle is adapted to operate over a gas pressure range between about 29 psia and about 60 psia. 34. A system according to claim 24, wherein said duct is adapted to operate over a liquid pressure range between about 1 psig and about 50 psig. 35. A system according to claim 24, wherein said duct is angularly oriented toward said nozzle. 36. A system according to claim 24, further comprising a plurality of said exit orifices. 37. A fire suppression system, comprising: a source of pressurized gas; a source of pressurized liquid; at least one emitter for atomizing and discharging said liquid entrained in said gas on a fire; a gas conduit providing fluid communication between said pressurized gas source and said emitter; a piping network, separate from said gas conduit, said piping network providing fluid communication between said pressurized liquid source and said emitter; a first valve in said gas conduit controlling pressure and flow rate of said gas to said emitter; a second valve in said piping network controlling pressure and flow rate of said liquid to said emitter; a pressure transducer measuring pressure within said gas conduit; a fire detection device positioned proximate to said emitter; said emitter comprising: a nozzle having an inlet and an outlet and an unobstructed bore therebetween, said inlet being connected in fluid communication with said first valve, said outlet having a diameter; a duct, separate from said nozzle and connected in fluid communication with said second valve, said duct having an exit orifice separate from and positioned adjacent to said nozzle outlet; a deflector surface positioned facing said nozzle outlet, said deflector surface being positioned in spaced relation to said nozzle outlet and having a first surface portion comprising a flat surface oriented substantially perpendicularly to said nozzle and a second surface portion comprising a curved surface surrounding said flat surface, said flat surface having a wetted area defined by a minimum diameter approximately equal to said outlet diameter; and a control system in communication with said first and second valves, said pressure transducer and said fire detection device, said control system receiving signals from said pressure transducer and said fire detection device and opening said valves in response to a signal indicative of a fire from said fire detection device.
연구과제 타임라인
LOADING...
LOADING...
LOADING...
LOADING...
LOADING...
이 특허에 인용된 특허 (36)
Roberts Daryl (Winchester MA) Butz James R. (Denver CO), Apparatus and method to control deflagration of gases.
Fenton,Marcus B. M.; Kitchen,Philip A.; Todman,Michael T.; Wallis,Alexander G., Apparatus and methods for moving a working fluid by contact with a transport fluid.
Kotliar, Igor K., Hyperbaric hypoxic fire escape and suppression systems for multilevel buildings, transportation tunnels and other human-occupied environments.
Zuev Jury Vladimirovich,RUX ; Karpyshev Alexandr Vladimirovich,RUX ; Lepeshinsky Igor Aleksandrovich,RUX, Method for extinguishing fires from an aircraft and related device.
Chattaway, Adam; Gatsonides, Josephine Gabrielle; Dunster, Robert G.; Simpson, Terry; Seebaluck, Dharmendr Len.; Glaser, Robert E., Fire suppression system and method.
※ AI-Helper는 부적절한 답변을 할 수 있습니다.