Distributed optical structures in a planar waveguide coupling in-plane and out-of-plane optical signals
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
G02B-006/34
G03H-001/10
H04J-014/02
출원번호
UP-0403281
(2009-03-12)
등록번호
US-RE41570
(2010-09-13)
발명자
/ 주소
Greiner, Christoph M.
Iazikov, Dmitri
Mossberg, Thomas W.
대리인 / 주소
Schwabe, Williamson & Wyatt, P.C.
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
7인용 특허 :
88
초록▼
A slab optical waveguide confines in one transverse dimension optical signals propagating in two dimensions therein, and has a set of diffractive elements collectively arranged so as to exhibit positional variation in amplitude, optical separation, or spatial phase. The diffractive elements are coll
A slab optical waveguide confines in one transverse dimension optical signals propagating in two dimensions therein, and has a set of diffractive elements collectively arranged so as to exhibit positional variation in amplitude, optical separation, or spatial phase. The diffractive elements are collectively arranged so as to apply a transfer function to an input optical signal to produce an output optical signal. The transfer function is determined at least in part by said positional variation in amplitude, optical separation, or spatial phase. The waveguide and diffractive elements are arranged so as to confine only one of the input and output optical signals to propagate in the waveguide so that the optical signal thus confined is successively incident on the diffractive elements, while the other optical signal propagates unconfined by the waveguide in a direction having a substantial component along the confined dimension of the waveguide.
대표청구항▼
What is claimed is: 1. An optical apparatus comprising: a slab optical waveguide substantially confining in one transverse dimension optical signals propagating in two dimensions therein; and a set of diffractive elements collectively arranged within the slab waveguide so as to exhibit a position
What is claimed is: 1. An optical apparatus comprising: a slab optical waveguide substantially confining in one transverse dimension optical signals propagating in two dimensions therein; and a set of diffractive elements collectively arranged within the slab waveguide so as to exhibit a positional variation in amplitude, optical separation, or spatial phase over some portion of the set, wherein: the diffractive elements of the set are collectively arranged so as to apply a transfer function to an input optical signal incident on the diffractive element set to produce an output optical signal, the transfer function being determined at least in part by said positional variation in amplitude, optical separation, or spatial phase exhibited by the diffractive elements of the set; and the slab waveguide and the diffractive element set are arranged so as to substantially confine only one of the input and output optical signals to propagate in the slab waveguide so that the optical signal thus confined is successively incident on the diffractive elements of the set, while the other of the input and output optical signals propagates substantially unconfined by the slab waveguide in a direction having a substantial component along the confined dimension of the slab waveguide. 2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein an optical spectrum of the output optical signal comprises an optical spectrum of the input signal multiplied by a spectral portion of the transfer function, the spectral portion of the transfer function being determined at least in part by said positional variation in amplitude, optical separation, or spatial phase exhibited by the set of diffractive elements. 3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein a temporal waveform of the output optical signal comprises convolution of a temporal waveform of the input signal multiplied an impulse response portion of the transfer function, the impulse response portion of the transfer function being determined at least in part by said positional variation in amplitude, optical separation, or spatial phase exhibited by the set of diffractive elements. 4. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the transfer function leaves an optical spectrum and a temporal waveform of the input optical signal substantially unchanged so that an optical spectrum and a temporal waveform of the output optical signal substantially resemble those of the input optical signal. 5. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein: the slab waveguide and the diffractive element set are arranged so as to substantially confine the input optical signal to propagate in the slab waveguide so that the input optical signal is successively incident on the diffractive elements of the set; and the slab optical waveguide and the diffractive elements of the set are arranged so as to enable substantially unconfined propagation of the output optical signal in a direction having a substantial component along the confined dimension of the slab waveguide. 6. The apparatus of claim 5 further comprising an input channel optical waveguide positioned to introduce the input optical signal into an edge of the slab waveguide through an input optical port. 7. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein: the slab waveguide and the diffractive element set are arranged so as to substantially confine the output optical signal to propagate in the slab waveguide so that the output optical signal is successively incident on the diffractive elements of the set; and the slab optical waveguide and the diffractive elements of the set are arranged so as to enable substantially unconfined propagation of the input optical signal in a direction having a substantial component along the confined dimension of the slab waveguide. 8. The apparatus of claim 7 further comprising an output channel optical waveguide positioned to receive the output optical signal from an edge of the slab waveguide through an output optical port. 9. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the diffractive elements of the set collectively define an input optical port for receiving the input optical signal and an output optical port for transmitting the output optical signal. 10. The apparatus of claim 9 further comprising: an input optical channel waveguide for introducing the input optical signal into the slab waveguide through an input optical port; or an output optical channel waveguide for receiving the output optical signal exiting the slab waveguide through an output optical port. 11. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising a second set of diffractive elements collectively arranged within the slab waveguide so as to exhibit a positional variation in amplitude, optical separation, or spatial phase over some portion of the set, wherein: the diffractive elements of the second set are collectively arranged so as to apply a second transfer function to the input optical signal incident on the diffractive element set to produce a second output optical signal; and the slab waveguide and the second diffractive element set are arranged so as to substantially confine the input optical signal or the second output optical signal to propagate in the slab waveguide so that the optical signal thus confined is successively incident on the diffractive elements of the set. 12. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising a second set of diffractive elements collectively arranged within the slab waveguide so as to exhibit a positional variation in amplitude, optical separation, or spatial phase over some portion of the set, wherein: the diffractive elements of the set are collectively arranged so as to apply a transfer function to a second input optical signal incident on the diffractive element set to produce a second output optical signal; and the slab waveguide and the diffractive element set are arranged so as to substantially confine the second input optical signal or the second output optical signal to propagate in the slab waveguide so that the optical signal thus confined is successively incident on the diffractive elements of the set. 13. A method comprising: receiving an input optical signal incident on a set of diffractive elements in a slab optical waveguide, the slab waveguide substantially confining in one transverse dimension optical signals propagating in two dimensions therein; and diffracting at least a portion of the input optical signal via the set of diffractive elements and thereby producing an output optical signal, wherein: the diffractive elements of the set are collectively arranged within the slab waveguide so as to exhibit a positional variation in amplitude, optical separation, or spatial phase over some portion of the set; the diffractive elements of the set collectively apply a transfer function to the input optical signal to produce the output optical signal, the transfer function being determined at least in part by said positional variation in amplitude, optical separation, or spatial phase exhibited by the diffractive elements of the set; and the slab waveguide and the diffractive element set are arranged so as to substantially confine only one of the input and output optical signals to propagate in the slab waveguide so that the optical signal thus confined is successively incident on the diffractive elements of the set, while the other of the input and output optical signals propagates substantially unconfined by the slab waveguide in a direction having a substantial component along the confined dimension of the slab waveguide. 14. The method of claim 13 wherein an optical spectrum of the output optical signal comprises an optical spectrum of the input signal multiplied by a spectral portion of the transfer function, the spectral portion of the transfer function being determined at least in part by said positional variation in amplitude, optical separation, or spatial phase exhibited by the set of diffractive elements. 15. The method of claim 13 wherein a temporal waveform of the output optical signal comprises convolution of a temporal waveform of the input signal multiplied an impulse response portion of the transfer function, the impulse response portion of the transfer function being determined at least in part by said positional variation in amplitude, optical separation, or spatial phase exhibited by the set of diffractive elements. 16. The method of claim 13 wherein the transfer function leaves an optical spectrum and a temporal waveform of the input optical signal substantially unchanged so that an optical spectrum and a temporal waveform of the output optical signal substantially resemble those of the input optical signal. 17. The method of claim 13 wherein: the input optical signal is substantially confined by the slab waveguide and propagates in the slab waveguide so that the input optical signal is successively incident on the diffractive elements of the set; and the output optical signal is substantially unconfined and propagates in a direction having a substantial component along the confined dimension of the slab waveguide. 18. The method of claim 17 further comprising receiving the input optical signal into an edge of the slab waveguide through an input optical port from an input channel optical waveguide. 19. The method of claim 13 wherein: the output optical signal is substantially confined by the slab waveguide and propagates in the slab waveguide so that the output optical signal is successively incident on the diffractive elements of the set; and the input optical signal is substantially unconfined and propagates in a direction having a substantial component along the confined dimension of the slab waveguide. 20. The method of claim 19 further comprising transmitting the output optical signal from an edge of the slab waveguide through an output optical port into an output channel optical waveguide. 21. The method of claim 13 wherein the diffractive elements of the set collectively define an input optical port for receiving the input optical signal and an output optical port for transmitting the output optical signal. 22. The method of claim 21 further comprising: receiving the input optical signal into the slab waveguide through an input optical port from an input optical waveguide; or transmitting the output optical signal out of the slab waveguide through an output optical port into an output optical waveguide. 23. The method of claim 13 further comprising: receiving the input optical signal incident on a second set of diffractive elements in the slab optical waveguide; and diffracting at least a portion of the input optical signal via the second set of diffractive elements and thereby producing a second output optical signal, wherein: the second set of diffractive elements are collectively arranged within the slab waveguide so as to exhibit a positional variation in amplitude, optical separation, or spatial phase over some portion of the set; the diffractive elements of the second set collectively apply a second transfer function to the input optical signal incident on the diffractive element set to produce the second output optical signal; and the slab waveguide and the second diffractive element set are arranged so as to substantially confine the input optical signal or the second output optical signal to propagate in the slab waveguide so that the optical signal thus confined is successively incident on the diffractive elements of the set. 24. The method of claim 13 further comprising: receiving a second input optical signal incident on a second set of diffractive elements in the slab optical waveguide; and diffracting at least a portion of the second input optical signal via the second set of diffractive elements and thereby producing a second output optical signal, wherein: the second set of diffractive elements are collectively arranged within the slab waveguide so as to exhibit a positional variation in amplitude, optical separation, or spatial phase over some portion of the set; the diffractive elements of the second set collectively apply a second transfer function to the second input optical signal incident on the diffractive element set to produce the second output optical signal; and the slab waveguide and the diffractive element set are arranged so as to substantially confine the second input optical signal or the second output optical signal to propagate in the slab waveguide so that the optical signal thus confined is successively incident on the diffractive elements of the set. 25. An optical apparatus, comprising: an optical waveguide configured to substantially confine in one transverse dimension optical signals that propagate therein; and a set of diffractive elements collectively arranged within the waveguide so as to exhibit a positional variation over some portion of the set, wherein: the diffractive elements of the set are collectively arranged so as to apply a transfer function to an input optical signal incident on the diffractive element set to produce an output optical signal; and the waveguide and the diffractive element set are arranged so as to substantially confine only one of the input and output optical signals to propagate in the waveguide, while the other of the input and output optical signals propagates substantially unconfined by the waveguide in a direction having a substantial component along the confined dimension. 26. The apparatus of claim 25 wherein the optical waveguide includes a slab optical waveguide. 27. The apparatus of claim 25 wherein the set of diffractive elements exhibit the positional variation in amplitude, optical separation, or spatial phase over some portion of the set, and wherein the transfer function is determined at least in part by the positional variation in amplitude, optical separation, or spatial phase exhibited by the diffractive elements of the set. 28. An optical apparatus, comprising: an optical waveguide; and a set of diffractive elements collectively arranged within the waveguide so as to exhibit a positional variation in amplitude, optical separation, or spatial phase over some portion of the set, wherein: the diffractive elements of the set are collectively arranged so as to apply a transfer function to an input optical signal incident on the diffractive element set to produce an output optical signal, the transfer function being determined at least in part by said positional variation in amplitude, optical separation, or spatial phase exhibited by the diffractive elements of the set. 29. The optical apparatus of claim 28 wherein diffractive elements of the set are arranged so that the input optical signal is successively incident on the diffractive elements of the set. 30. The apparatus of claim 28 wherein the waveguide and the diffractive element set are arranged so as to substantially confine only one of the input and output optical signals to propagate in the waveguide. 31. The apparatus of claim 28 wherein the optical waveguide includes a slab optical waveguide. 32. A method, comprising: receiving an input optical signal incident on a set of diffractive elements in an optical waveguide; substantially confining in one transverse dimension the input optical signal that propagates in the waveguide; and diffracting at least a portion of the received input optical signal with the set of diffractive elements to produce an output optical signal, the diffractive elements of the set are collectively arranged within the slab waveguide so as to exhibit a positional variation over some portion of the set; said diffracting includes the diffractive elements of the set collectively applying a transfer function to the input optical signal to produce the output optical signal; and said substantially confining includes the optical waveguide and the diffractive element set substantially confining only one of the input and output optical signals to propagate in the optical waveguide, while the other of the input and output optical signals propagates substantially unconfined by the optical waveguide in a direction having a substantial component along the confined dimension. 33. The method of claim 32 wherein the optical waveguide includes a slab optical waveguide. 34. The method of claim 32 wherein the set of diffractive elements exhibit the positional variation in amplitude, optical separation, or spatial phase over some portion of the set, and wherein the transfer function is determined at least in part by the positional variation in amplitude, optical separation, or spatial phase exhibited by the diffractive elements of the set. 35. A method, comprising: receiving an input optical signal incident on a set of diffractive elements in an optical waveguide; and diffracting at least a portion of the received input optical signal with the set of diffractive elements to produce an output optical signal, wherein: the diffractive elements of the set are collectively arranged within the optical waveguide so as to exhibit a positional variation in amplitude, optical separation, or spatial phase over some portion of the set; and said diffracting includes the diffractive elements of the set collectively applying a transfer function to the input optical signal to produce the output optical signal, the transfer function being determined at least in part by said positional variation in amplitude, optical separation, or spatial phase exhibited by the diffractive elements of the set. 36. The method of claim 35 wherein said receiving the input optical signal includes receiving the input optical signal so as to be successively incident on the diffractive elements of the set. 37. The method of claim 35, further comprising substantially confining, by the waveguide and the diffractive element set, only one of the input and output optical signals to propagate in the waveguide. 38. The method of claim 35 wherein the optical waveguide includes a slab optical waveguide. 39. A system, comprising: at least one source to provide an input optical signal; at least one receiver; and a photonic signal transport structure configured to route the input optical signal from the at least one source to the at least one receiver, the photonic signal transport structure including: optical waveguide means for receiving the input optical signal and for substantially confining in one transverse dimension the input optical signal that propagates in the optical waveguide means; and a set of diffractive element means for diffracting at least a portion of the input optical signal to produce an output optical signal, wherein: the diffractive element means of the set are collectively arranged within the optical waveguide means so as to exhibit a positional variation over some portion of the set; for said diffracting, the diffractive elements of the set are configured for collectively applying a transfer function to the input optical signal to produce the output optical signal; and for said substantially confining, the optical waveguide means and the diffractive element means are configured for substantially confining only one of the input and output optical signals to propagate in the optical waveguide means, while the other of the input and output optical signals propagates substantially unconfined by the optical waveguide means in a direction having a substantial component along the confined dimension. 40. The system of claim 39 wherein said at least one source, said at least one receiver, and said photonic signal transport structure comprise parts of an on-chip electronic circuit environment. 41. The system of claim 39 wherein said at least one source, said at least one receiver, and said photonic signal transport structure comprise parts of an inter-chip electronic circuit environment. 42. A system, comprising: at least one source to provide an input optical signal; at least one receiver; and a photonic signal transport structure configured to route the input optical signal from the at least one source to the at least one receiver, the photonic signal transport structure including: an optical waveguide; and a set of diffractive elements collectively arranged within the waveguide so as to exhibit a positional variation in amplitude, optical separation, or spatial phase over some portion of the set, wherein the diffractive elements of the set are collectively arranged so as to apply a transfer function to the input optical signal to produce an output optical signal, the transfer function being determined at least in part by said positional variation in amplitude, optical separation, or spatial phase exhibited by the diffractive elements of the set. 43. The system of claim 42 wherein said at least one source, said at least one receiver, and said photonic signal transport structure comprise parts of an on-chip electronic circuit environment. 44. The system of claim 42 wherein said at least one source, said at least one receiver, and said photonic signal transport structure comprise parts of an inter-chip electronic circuit environment.
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