초록 ▼

The invention relates generally to processes for the production of high-basicity and ultra-high basicity polyaluminum chlorides including aluminum chlorohydrate. The processes can produce products of a wide range of basicities and are particularly useful in producing high basicity products. The proc

The invention relates generally to processes for the production of high-basicity and ultra-high basicity polyaluminum chlorides including aluminum chlorohydrate. The processes can produce products of a wide range of basicities and are particularly useful in producing high basicity products. The process can produce a wide range of solution concentrations and are particularly useful in producing high solution concentrations. The processes described generate high purity products, which are free of by-product salt(s). The processes described herein can also be utilized to produce enhanced efficacy polyaluminum chlorides including aluminum chlorohydrate. When compared to conventional processes for manufacturing these compounds the processes disclosed herein are unique in so far as the disclosed processes do not require aluminum metal as a starting material. The products of the processes are suitable in applications including water purification, catalysts, and antiperspirants. In addition, the invention is directed to the products prepared by the processes described herein.

대표청구항 ▼

We claim: 1. A method to increase the hydroxide content of compounds comprising the formula (I): Mm(OH)nXam-n)  (Compound I) wherein M is a metal that undergoes the reaction: wherein “a” is the valence of the metal ion; X is an anion; 0<n≦am; m≧

We claim: 1. A method to increase the hydroxide content of compounds comprising the formula (I): Mm(OH)nXam-n)  (Compound I) wherein M is a metal that undergoes the reaction: wherein “a” is the valence of the metal ion; X is an anion; 0<n≦am; m≧1; comprising the step of subjecting a solution of Compound I to electrodialysis conditions to generate HX, such that the hydroxide content of Compound I is increased relative to the initial hydroxide content of Compound I, provided that i. cation permeable membranes and anion permeable membranes or bipolar membranes and anion permeable membranes are utilized, and ii. enriching and depleting streams both comprise a Compound of formula (I), such that the HX concentration is decreased from the depleting solution, thereby providing Compound I in the depleting stream with increased hydroxide content relative to Compound I prior to treatment. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein initial Compound I is freshly prepared and or subjected to heat treatment at a temperature greater than 65° C. prior to or during the electrodialysis process. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the enriching solution comprises polyaluminum chloride. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the products have a basicity greater than 50% but less than 65%. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the products have a basicity of greater than or equal to 65%. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the product is ACH with an aluminum to chloride ratio between about 1.9:1 to about 2.1:1. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein M is Al. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein M is Ti. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein M is Zr. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein M is Fe. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein X is a halide. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the halide is chloride. 13. The method of claim 1, wherein sulfate ion and or phosphate ion is incorporated either before, during or after the electrodialysis process. 14. The method of claim 1, wherein calcium ions or other alkali earth ions are incorporated either before, during or after the electrodialysis process. 15. The method of claim 1, wherein the enriching stream has a basicity of greater than 10%. 16. A method to increase the hydroxide content of compounds comprising the formula (I): Mm(OH)nXam-n  (Compound I) wherein M is a metal that undergoes the reaction: wherein “a” is the valence of the metal ion; X is an anion; 0<n≦am; m≧1; comprising the step of subjecting a solution of Compound Ito electrodialysis conditions to generate HX, such that the hydroxide content of Compound I is increased relative to the initial hydroxide content of Compound I, provided that i. cation permeable membranes and anion permeable membranes or bipolar membranes and anion permeable membranes are utilized; ii. enriching and depleting streams both comprise a Compound of formula (I), such that the HX concentration is decreased from the depleting solution, thereby providing Compound I in the depleting stream with increased hydroxide content relative to Compound I prior to treatment; and iii. wherein the process utilizes an enriching stream comprising a Compound I with a basicity of greater than 5%. 17. A method to increase the hydroxide content of compounds comprising the formula (I): Mm(OH)nXam-n  (Compound I) wherein M is a metal that undergoes the reaction: wherein “a” is the valence of the metal ion; X is an anion; 0<n≦am; m≧1; comprising the step of subjecting a solution of Compound Ito electrodialysis conditions to generate HX, such that the hydroxide content of Compound I is increased relative to the initial hydroxide content of Compound I, provided that i. cation permeable membranes and anion permeable membranes or bipolar membranes and anion permeable membranes are utilized; ii. enriching and depleting streams both comprise a Compound of formula (I), such that the HX concentration is decreased from the depleting solution, thereby providing Compound I in the depleting stream with increased hydroxide content relative to Compound I prior to treatment; and iii. wherein the pH of the enriching stream is less than a pH of 2. 18. A method to increase the hydroxide content of compounds comprising the formula (I): Mm(OH)nXam-n  (Compound I) wherein M is a metal that undergoes the reaction: wherein “a” is the valence of the metal ion; X is an anion; 0<n≦am; m≧1; comprising the step of subjecting a solution of Compound Ito electrodialysis conditions to generate HX or subjecting Compound II to electrodialysis, wherein Compound II subsequently hydrolyzes to form final Compound I with generation of HX, such that the hydroxide content of Compound I is increased relative to the initial hydroxide content of Compound I, provided that: i. cation permeable membranes and anion permeable membranes or bipolar membranes and anion permeable membranes are utilized, and ii. enriching and depleting streams both comprise a Compound of formula (I), such that the HX concentration is decreased from the depleting solution, thereby providing Compound I in the depleting stream with increased hydroxide content relative to Compound I prior to treatment; iii. wherein the process utilizes an enriching stream comprising a Compound I with basicity greater than 5%; and iv. wherein the enriching solution from the electrodialysis process is reacted with aluminum trihydrate and reused in the electrodialysis process. 19. The method of claim 16, wherein initial Compound I is freshly prepared and or subjected to heat treatment at a temperature greater than 65° C. prior to or during the electrodialysis process. 20. The method of claim 16, wherein the enriching solution comprises polyaluminum chloride. 21. The method of claim 16, wherein the products have a basicity greater than 50% but less than 65%. 22. The method of claim 16, wherein the products have a basicity of greater than or equal to 65%. 23. The method of claim 16, wherein the product is ACH with an aluminum to chloride ratio between about 1.9:1 to about 2.1:1. 24. The method of claim 16, wherein M is Al. 25. The method of claim 16, wherein M is Ti. 26. The method of claim 16, wherein M is Zr. 27. The method of claim 16, wherein M is Fe. 28. The method of claim 16, wherein X is a halide. 29. The method of claim 28, wherein the halide is chloride. 30. The method of claim 16, wherein sulfate ion and or phosphate ion is incorporated either before, during or after the electrodialysis process. 31. The method of claim 16, wherein calcium ions or other alkali earth ions are incorporated either before, during or after the electrodialysis process. 32. The method of claim 16, wherein the enriching stream has a basicity of greater than 10%. 33. The method of claim 17, wherein initial Compound I is freshly prepared and or subjected to heat treatment at a temperature greater than 65° C. prior to or during the electrodialysis process. 34. The method of claim 17, wherein the enriching solution comprises polyaluminum chloride. 35. The method of claim 17, wherein the products have a basicity greater than 50% but less than 65%. 36. The method of claim 17, wherein the products have a basicity of greater than or equal to 65%. 37. The method of claim 17, wherein the product is ACH with an aluminum to chloride ratio between about 1.9:1 to about 2.1:1. 38. The method of claim 17, wherein M is Al. 39. The method of claim 17, wherein M is Ti. 40. The method of claim 17, wherein M is Zr. 41. The method of claim 17, wherein M is Fe. 42. The method of claim 17, wherein X is a halide. 43. The method of claim 42, wherein the halide is chloride. 44. The method of claim 17, wherein sulfate ion and or phosphate ion is incorporated either before, during or after the electrodialysis process. 45. The method of claim 17, wherein calcium ions or other alkali earth ions are incorporated either before, during or after the electrodialysis process. 46. The method of claim 17, wherein the enriching stream has a basicity of greater than 10%. 47. The method of claim 18, wherein initial Compound I is freshly prepared and or subjected to heat treatment at a temperature greater than 65° C. prior to or during the electrodialysis process. 48. The method of claim 18, wherein the enriching solution comprises polyaluminum chloride. 49. The method of claim 18, wherein the products have a basicity greater than 50% but less than 65%. 50. The method of claim 18, wherein the products have a basicity of greater than or equal to 65%. 51. The method of claim 18, wherein the product is ACH with an aluminum to chloride ratio between about 1.9:1 to about 2.1:1. 52. The method of claim 18, wherein M is Al. 53. The method of claim 18, wherein M is Ti. 54. The method of claim 18, wherein M is Zr. 55. The method of claim 18, wherein M is Fe. 56. The method of claim 18, wherein X is a halide. 57. The method of claim 56, wherein the halide is chloride. 58. The method of claim 18, wherein sulfate ion and or phosphate ion is incorporated either before, during or after the electrodialysis process. 59. The method of claim 18, wherein calcium ions or other alkali earth ions are incorporated either before, during or after the electrodialysis process. 60. The method of claim 18, wherein the enriching stream has a basicity of greater than 10%.