A fuel cell system comprises a first fuel cell stack having a first end plate, wherein the first end plate has a first opening, and a fuel cell component having a second opening. An adapter connects the first opening in the first end plate and the second opening in the fuel cell component. The adapt
A fuel cell system comprises a first fuel cell stack having a first end plate, wherein the first end plate has a first opening, and a fuel cell component having a second opening. An adapter connects the first opening in the first end plate and the second opening in the fuel cell component. The adapter comprises a hollow tube. At least one of the first and second openings is located in a first groove. At least a first portion of the adapter is located in the first groove such that there is a passage from the first opening to the second opening through an interior of the hollow tube.
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1. A fuel cell system, comprising: a first fuel cell stack having a first end plate, wherein the first end plate has a first opening;a fuel cell component having a second opening; andan adapter connecting the first opening in the first end plate and the second opening in the fuel cell component, whe
1. A fuel cell system, comprising: a first fuel cell stack having a first end plate, wherein the first end plate has a first opening;a fuel cell component having a second opening; andan adapter connecting the first opening in the first end plate and the second opening in the fuel cell component, wherein:more than one sealing surface exists between the adapter and the first end plate; andmore than one sealing surface exists between the adapter and the fuel cell component;wherein the fuel cell component is a second end plate of a second fuel cell stack or a fuel manifold. 2. The fuel cell system of claim 1, wherein the adapter comprises a hollow tube. 3. A fuel cell system comprising: a first fuel cell stack having a first end plate, wherein the first end plate has a first opening;a fuel cell component having a second opening; andan adapter connecting the first opening in the first end plate and the second opening in the fuel cell component, wherein:more than one sealing surface exists between the adapter and the first end plate; andmore than one sealing surface exists between the adapter and the fuel cell component,wherein the adapter is sealed to the first end plate and fuel cell component by a seal comprising the more than one sealing surface of the first end plate and by the seal comprising the more than one sealing surface of the fuel cell component. 4. The fuel cell system of claim 3, wherein the fuel cell component is a second end plate of a second fuel cell stack or a fuel manifold. 5. A fuel cell system comprising: a first fuel cell stack having a first end plate, wherein the first end plate has a first opening;a fuel cell component having a second opening; andan adapter connecting the first opening in the first end plate and the second opening in the fuel cell component, wherein:more than one sealing surface exists between the adapter and the first end plate; andmore than one sealing surface exists between the adapter and the fuel cell component,wherein the adapter comprises a hollow tube, andwherein the adapter further comprises a protrusion which is located in at least one groove in the first end plate or in the fuel cell component and the tube extends into the first and into the second opening. 6. A fuel cell system comprising: a first fuel cell stack having a first end plate, wherein the first end plate has a first opening;a fuel cell component having a second opening; andan adapter connecting the first opening in the first end plate and the second opening in the fuel cell component, wherein:more than one sealing surface exists between the adapter and the first end plate; andmore than one sealing surface exists between the adapter and the fuel cell component;wherein the adapter comprises a hollow tube,and wherein:the adapter is located in: (i) at least one groove in the first end plate or in the fuel cell component; or(ii) in mating first groove in the first end plate and second groove in the fuel cell component; andthe tube does not extend into the first and into the second opening. 7. A fuel cell system, comprising: a first fuel cell stack having a first end plate, wherein the first end plate has a first opening;a fuel cell component having a second opening; andan adapter connecting the first opening in the first end plate and the second opening in the fuel cell component, wherein: the adapter comprises a hollow tube;at least one of the first and the second openings is located in a first groove; andat least a first portion of the adapter is located in the first groove such that there is a passage from the first opening to the second opening through an interior of the hollow tube; wherein:the first opening is located in the first groove in the first end plate and the second opening is located in a second groove in the fuel cell component, such that a second portion of the adapter is located in the second groove;more than one sealing surface exists between the first portion of the adapter and the first end plate; and more than one sealing surface exists between a second portion of the adapter and the fuel cell component. 8. The fuel cell system of claim 7, wherein: the adapter is located entirely in the first groove or the first and the second grooves;the tube does not extend into the first opening and into the second opening; andan outer diameter of the hollow tube is greater than a diameter of the first and second openings. 9. The fuel cell system of claim 7, wherein: the adapter is sealed to the first end plate and the fuel cell component by a sealing material or by tight or press fitting; andthe fuel cell component is a second end plate of a second fuel cell stack or a fuel manifold. 10. A fuel cell system comprising: a first fuel cell stack having a first end plate, wherein the first end plate has a first opening;a fuel cell component having a second opening; andan adapter connecting the first opening in the first end plate and the second opening in the fuel cell component, wherein: the adapter comprises a hollow tube;at least one of the first and the second openings is located in a first groove; andat least a first portion of the adapter is located in the first groove such that there is a passage from the first opening to the second opening through an interior of the hollow tube;wherein the hollow tube has a circular, rectangular, square, polygonal, or oval cross sectional shape, and a longitudinal axis of the hollow tube is in a stacking direction of the fuel cells in the fuel cell stack. 11. A fuel cell system comprising: a first fuel cell stack having a first end plate, wherein the first end plate has a first opening;a fuel cell component having a second opening; andan adapter connecting the first opening in the first end plate and the second opening in the fuel cell component, wherein: the adapter comprises a hollow tube;at least one of the first and the second openings is located in a first groove; andat least a first portion of the adapter is located in the first groove such that there is a passage from the first opening to the second opening through an interior of the hollow tube;wherein at least a first portion of the adapter comprises a protrusion which is located at least partially around the tube and the tube extends into the first opening and into the second opening. 12. A fuel cell system comprising: a first fuel cell stack having a first end plate, wherein the first end plate has a first opening;a fuel cell component having a second opening; andan adapter connecting the first opening in the first end plate and the second opening in the fuel cell component, wherein: the adapter comprises a hollow tube;at least one of the first and the second openings is located in a first groove; andat least a first portion of the adapter is located in the first groove such that there is a passage from the first opening to the second opening through an interior of the hollow tube;wherein the first opening comprises a fuel inlet opening and the second opening comprises a fuel outlet opening. 13. A fuel cell system, comprising: a first fuel cell stack having a first end plate, wherein the first end plate has a first opening;a fuel cell component having a second opening; andan adapter connecting the first opening in the first end plate and the second opening in the fuel cell component, wherein:the adapter comprises a hollow tube and a protrusion located at least partially circumferentially along an exterior of the hollow tube;at least one of the first and the second openings is located in a first groove;at least a first portion of the protrusion is located in the first groove such that there is a passage from the first opening to the second opening through an interior of the hollow tube. 14. The fuel cell system of claim 13, wherein: the first opening is located in the first groove in the first end plate and the second opening is located in a second groove in the component such that a second portion of the protrusion is located in the second groove;more than one sealing surface exists between the first portion of the protrusion and the first end plate; andmore than one sealing surface exists between a second portion of the protrusion and the fuel cell component. 15. The fuel cell system of claim 14, wherein: the protrusion is located entirely in the first and the second grooves;the tube extends into the first opening and into the second opening; andan outer diameter of the protrusion is greater than a diameter of the first and second openings. 16. The fuel cell system of claim 14, wherein: the adapter is sealed to first end plate and the fuel cell component by a sealing material or by tight or press fitting; andthe fuel cell component is a second end plate of a second fuel cell stack or a fuel manifold. 17. The fuel cell system of claim 13, wherein the hollow tube has a circular, rectangular, square, polygonal, or oval cross sectional shape, and a longitudinal axis of the hollow tube is in a stacking direction of the fuel cells in the fuel cell stack. 18. The fuel cell system of claim 13, wherein the first opening comprises a fuel inlet opening and the second opening comprises a fuel outlet opening. 19. The fuel cell system of claim 13, wherein the protrusion comprises a deformed portion of a wall of the tube or the protrusion is attached to the tube.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (8)
Allen, Jeffrey P., Fuel cell bipolar separator plate and current collector assembly and method of manufacture.
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