IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
|
국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
|
출원번호 |
US-0673398
(2007-02-09)
|
등록번호 |
US-8109050
(2012-02-07)
|
발명자
/ 주소 |
|
출원인 / 주소 |
- University of Notre Dame Du Lac
|
대리인 / 주소 |
|
인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
13 인용 특허 :
48 |
초록
▼
A floor including a flooring plate and a plurality of spaced apart stiffening columns extending from an underside of the flooring plate. The columns remain substantially rigid up to a predetermined critical pressure and then buckle as the pressure increases. The columns are at least partially surrou
A floor including a flooring plate and a plurality of spaced apart stiffening columns extending from an underside of the flooring plate. The columns remain substantially rigid up to a predetermined critical pressure and then buckle as the pressure increases. The columns are at least partially surrounded by a resilient underlayment. Deflection stops may extend from the flooring plate to prevent over-buckling and/or permanent deformation of the stiffening columns. In some examples, the deflections stops may assist the floor in providing a substantially rigid surface at very high pressures.
대표청구항
▼
1. A floor comprising: a flooring plate;a plurality of spaced apart incompressible stiffening columns extending between an underside of the flooring plate and a support surface, the stiffening columns supporting the flooring plate a distance above the support surface,wherein when the floor is subjec
1. A floor comprising: a flooring plate;a plurality of spaced apart incompressible stiffening columns extending between an underside of the flooring plate and a support surface, the stiffening columns supporting the flooring plate a distance above the support surface,wherein when the floor is subjected to a compressive pressure between the flooring plate and the support surface less than a critical pressure, defined as the pressure at which the stiffening columns will buckle, the distance between the flooring plate and the support surface is substantially unchanged, and when the floor is subjected to a compressive pressure greater than the critical pressure, at least one of the stiffening columns will deform by buckling, thereby allowing deflection of the flooring plate towards the support surface, changing the distance between the flooring plate and the support surface; anda resilient underlayment at least partially surrounding at least a portion of the plurality of spaced apart stiffening columns and substantially filling a space between the plurality of stiffening columns, the resilient underlayment coupled to the stiffening columns in at least one location to influence the post-buckling deformation of the stiffening column, and to substantially prevent permanent deformation of the stiffening column. 2. A floor as defined in claim 1, wherein the flooring plate and the stiffening columns are integrally formed. 3. A floor as defined in claim 1, wherein the stiffening columns extend substantially perpendicular from the underside of the flooring plate. 4. A floor as defined in claim 1, wherein the stiffening columns have a generally rectangular cross-section. 5. A floor as defined in claim 1, wherein the length of each of the stiffening columns is substantially equal. 6. A floor as defined in claim 1, wherein the resilient underlayment is a foam. 7. A floor defined in claim 1, further comprising a plurality of spaced apart substantially incompressible deflection stop columns, extending from the underside of the flooring plate toward the support surface, wherein when the floor is subjected to a compressive pressure less than the critical pressure, the stop columns do not contact the support surface, and when the floor is subjected to a compressive pressure greater than the critical pressure the stop columns contact the support surface to substantially prevent the flooring plate from further movement toward the support surface. 8. A floor as defined in claim 1, further comprising a plurality of spaced apart substantially incompressible deflection stop columns having a length less than the stiffening columns and extending from the underside of the flooring plate toward the support surface, wherein when the stiffening columns deform, the deflection stop columns contact the support surface and remain substantially rigid so as to substantially prevent further deformation of the stiffening columns. 9. A floor as defined in claim 1, further comprising an overlayment covering at least a portion of a topside of the flooring plate. 10. A floor as defined in claim 9, wherein the overlayment comprises a plurality of tiles flexibly coupled together. 11. A floor as defined in claim 1, wherein the floor is a modular tile which is used in combination with other adjoining tiles to form a flooring system. 12. A floor as defined in claim 1, wherein the stiffening columns are at least partially coupled together to form at least one rib structure. 13. A floor as defined in claim 1, wherein the resilient underlayment covers at least a portion of the underside of the flooring plate. 14. A pressure reduction system for mounting on a support surface comprising: an impact surface; an incompressible first resilient element extending between a first side of the impact surface and the support surface, the resilient element having a rigid state and a substantially deformable state, wherein the first resilient element supports the impact surface a distance above the support surface; anda second resilient element at least partially surrounding the first resilient element,wherein when a second side of the impact surface is subjected to a compressive pressure below a critical pressure defined as the pressure at which the first resilient element will buckle, the first resilient element remains in the incompressible, rigid state to prevent deflection of the impact surface towards the support surface, and wherein when the impact surface is subjected to a compressive pressure greater than the critical pressure, the stiffening columns deform by buckling to allow deflection of the impact surface toward the support surface, andwherein the second resilient element is coupled to at least a portion of the first resilient element to influence the post-buckling deformation of the first resilient element ˜and to provide additional energy absorption during deflection of the impact surface and to substantially prevent permanent deformation of the first resilient element. 15. A pressure reduction system as defined in claim 14, further comprising a substantially non-compressible third resilient element coupled to and extending from the first side of the impact surface, having a length less than the first resilient element, being spaced away from the first resilient element, and being at least partially surrounded by the second resilient element, wherein the third resilient element remains substantially rigid when the first resilient element deforms by buckling to influence the deformation of the first resilient element and when the third resilient element contacts the support surface, the third resilient element substantially prevents the impact surface from further movement toward the support surface. 16. A pressure reduction system as defined in claim 14, wherein the second resilient element covers at least a portion of the first side of the impact surface. 17. A floor as defined in claim 1, wherein the flooring plate is a flexible membrane. 18. A floor as defined in claim 1, wherein the stiffening column is directly coupled to the underside of the flooring plate. 19. A floor as defined in claim 1, wherein the stiffening column directly contacts the support surface prior to the floor being subjected to a compressive pressure. 20. A floor as defined in claim 1, wherein the resilient underlayment increases the critical pressure necessary to deform the stiffening column by buckling. 21. A floor as defined in claim 1, wherein the resilient underlayment decreases the post-buckling deformation of the stiffening column. 22. A pressure reduction system as defined in claim 14, wherein the impact surface is a resilient surface. 23. A pressure reduction system as defined in claim 14, wherein the first resilient element is directly coupled to the impact surface. 24. A pressure reduction system as defined in claim 14, wherein the first resilient element directly contacts the support surface prior to the floor being subjected to a compressive pressure. 25. A pressure reduction system as defined in claim 14, wherein the second resilient element decreases the post-buckling deformation of the first resilient element. 26. An apparatus comprising: an impact surface;a plurality of spaced apart substantially incompressible stiffening columns extending between one side of the impact surface and a support surface, and supporting the impact surface a distance above the support surface,wherein when the apparatus is subjected to a compressive pressure between the impact surface and the support surface less than a critical pressure defined as the pressure at which the stiffening columns will buckle, the stiffening columns remain incompressible so as to prevent movement of the impact surface towards the support surface, and when the apparatus is subjected to a compressive pressure between the impact surface and the support surface greater than the critical pressure, at least one of the stiffening columns deform by buckling, thereby allowing deflection of the impact surface towards the support surface, changing the distance between the flooring plate and the support surface; anda resilient underlayment at least partially surrounding at least a portion of the plurality of spaced apart stiffening columns and substantially filling a space between the plurality of stiffening columns, the resilient underlayment coupled to the stiffening columns in at least one location to influence the post-buckling deformation of the stiffening column, and to substantially prevent permanent deformation of the stiffening column. 27. An apparatus as defined in claim 26, wherein the critical pressure is approximately 20 lbs/in2. 28. An apparatus as defined in claim 26, wherein the cross section of at least one of the stiffening column includes an area moment of inertia different in a first direction than in a second direction.
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