The present invention provides a separating material producable by a) providing a solid substrate, having amino-functional groups coupled to the substrate surface, b) covalently coupling of the amino-functional groups with a thermally labile radical initiator, c) contacting the substrate surface wit
The present invention provides a separating material producable by a) providing a solid substrate, having amino-functional groups coupled to the substrate surface, b) covalently coupling of the amino-functional groups with a thermally labile radical initiator, c) contacting the substrate surface with a solution of polymerizable monomers under conditions, where thermally initiated graft copolymerization of the monomers takes place, to form a structure of adjacent functional polymer chains on the surface of the substrate. The present invention further provides a method for the production of a separating material by a) providing a solid substrate, having aminofunctional groups coupled to the substrate surface, b) covalently coupling of the aminofunctional groups with a thermally labile radical initiator, c) contacting the substrate surface with a solution of polymerizable monomers under conditions, where thermally initiated graft copolymerization of the monomers takes place, to form a structure of adjacent functional polymer chains on the surface of the substrate.
대표청구항▼
1. A method for producing a separating material comprising the steps of: a) providing a solid substrate having a substrate surface, wherein primary or secondary amines are coupled to the substrate surface; andb) forming a graft polymer on the substrate by a process consisting essentially of the reac
1. A method for producing a separating material comprising the steps of: a) providing a solid substrate having a substrate surface, wherein primary or secondary amines are coupled to the substrate surface; andb) forming a graft polymer on the substrate by a process consisting essentially of the reaction steps of:i) covalently coupling the primary or secondary amines with a thermally labile radical initiator and, subsequently,ii) contacting the substrate surface with a solution of one or more polymerizable monomers, wherein thermally initiated graft copolymerization of the monomers forms a structure comprising adjacent functional polymer chains on the substrate surface. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the solid substrate is a porous polymeric material having a pore size sufficiently large to allow passage of blood, blood plasma, or blood serum through the solid substrate. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the solid substrate is selected from the group consisting of: a membrane, a particle bed, a fibre mat, and beads. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the solid substrate comprises a biocompatible material. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the solid substrate comprises a material selected from the group consisting of polyacrylates, polystyrene, polyethylene oxide, cellulose, cellulose derivatives, polyethersulfone (PES), polypropylene (PP), polysulfone (PSU), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), polycarbonate (PC), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polyamide (PA), polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE), cellulose acetate (CA), regenerated cellulose, and blends or copolymers of the foregoing, or blends or copolymers with hydrophilizing polymers. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the amino-functional groups are primary amino groups. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the thermally labile radical initiator which is covalently coupled comprises at least one carboxylic group. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the thermally labile radical initiator which is covalently coupled comprises compounds which decompose to give free radicals upon thermal activation selected from the group consisting of azo compounds and peroxides. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the thermally labile radical initiator which is covalently coupled is 4,4′-azobis-(4-cyanovaleric acid) or 2,2′-azobis-[N-(2-carboxyethyl)-2-methylpropionamide]. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more polymerizable monomers are selected from compounds having a polymerizable double bond. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more polymerizable monomers are selected from the group consisting of: acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, vinyl compounds, derivatives of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and vinyl compounds, N,N-Dimethylaminoethyl acrylamide, N,N-Diethylaminoethyl acrylamide, N,N-Dimethylaminopropyl acrylamide (DMPA), N,N-Dimethylaminopropyl methacrylamide, N,N-Dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, N,N-Diethylaminoethyl methacrylate, N,N-Dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, N-Morpholinoethyl acrylate, N-Morpholinoethyl methacrylate, 1-Vinylimidazole, Trimethylammoniumethyl acrylamide, Trimethylammoniumpropyl methacrylamide, Trimethylammoniumethyl methacrylate, Glycidyl acrylate, Glycidyl methacrylate, Vinyl glycidyl ether, Vinyl glycidyl urethane, 2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 2-Hydroxypropyl methacrylate, Hydroxymethyl methacrylate, N-Vinylpyrrolidone, 2-Vinyl pyridine, 4-Vinyl pyridine, and N-Vinyl-2-methylimidazole. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more polymerizable monomers comprise Dimethylaminopropyl acrylamide (DMPA). 13. The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more polymerizable monomers are selected from compounds of the following formula: H2C═C(R1)—C(O)—X—R2—N(R3)2,wherein R1 is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl group; R2 is a C1-C6-alkyl or aryl group; R3 is a methyl or ethyl group; and X is NH or O. 14. The method of claim 3, wherein the solid substrate is a membrane, said membrane comprising a hollow fibre. 15. The method of claim 5, wherein the solid substrate comprises blends or copolymers of said materials. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein the blends or copolymers of said materials further comprise hydrophilizing polymers. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the hydrophilizing polymer comprises polyvinylpyrollidone (PVP), or polyethyleneoxide (PEO). 18. A method for producing a separating material comprising the step of: contacting the substrate surface of a solid substrate having a substrate surface, wherein primary or secondary amines are coupled to the substrate surface and a thermally labile radical initiator is covalently coupled to the primary or secondary amines,with a solution of one or more polymerizable monomers, wherein thermally initiated graft copolymerization of the monomers forms a structure including adjacent functional polymer chains on the substrate surface. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the solid substrate is a porous polymeric material having a pore size sufficiently large to allow passage of blood, blood plasma, or blood serum through the solid substrate. 20. The method of claim 15, wherein the solid substrate is selected from the group consisting of: a membrane, a particle bed, a fibre mat, and beads. 21. The method of claim 20, wherein the solid substrate is a membrane, said membrane comprising a hollow fibre. 22. The method of claim 18, wherein the solid substrate comprises a biocompatible material. 23. The method of claim 18, wherein the solid substrate comprises a material selected from the group consisting of polyacrylates, polystyrene, polyethylene oxide, cellulose, cellulose derivatives, polyethersulfone (PES), polypropylene (PP), polysulfone (PSU), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), polycarbonate (PC), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polyamide (PA), polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE), cellulose acetate (CA), regenerated cellulose, and blends or copolymers of the foregoing, or blends or copolymers with hydrophilizing polymers. 24. The method of claim 23, wherein the solid substrate comprises blends or copolymers of said materials. 25. The method of claim 24, wherein the blends or copolymers of said materials further comprise hydrophilizing polymers. 26. The method of claim 25, wherein the hydrophilizing polymer comprises polyvinylpyrollidone (PVP), or polyethyleneoxide (PEO). 27. The method of claim 18, wherein the amino-functional groups are primary amino groups. 28. The method of claim 18, wherein the thermally labile radical initiator which is covalently coupled comprises at least one carboxylic group. 29. The method of claim 18, wherein the thermally labile radical initiator which is covalently coupled comprises compounds which decompose to give free radicals upon thermal activation selected from the group consisting of azo compounds and peroxides. 30. The method of claim 18, wherein the thermally labile radical initiator which is covalently coupled is 4,4′-azobis-(4-cyanovaleric acid) or 2,2′-azobis-[N-(2-carboxyethyl)-2-methylpropionamide]. 31. The method of claim 18, wherein the one or more polymerizable monomers are selected from compounds having a polymerizable double bond. 32. The method of claim 18, wherein the one or more polymerizable monomers are selected from the group consisting of: acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, vinyl compounds, derivatives of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and vinyl compounds, N,N-Dimethylaminoethyl acrylamide, N,N-Diethylaminoethyl acrylamide, N,N-Dimethylaminopropyl acrylamide (DMPA), N,N-Dimethylaminopropyl methacrylamide, N,N-Dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, N,N-Diethylaminoethyl methacrylate, N,N-Dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, N-Morpholinoethyl acrylate, N-Morpholinoethyl methacrylate, 1-Vinylimidazole, Trimethylammoniumethyl acrylamide, Trimethylammoniumpropyl methacrylamide, Trimethylammoniumethyl methacrylate, Glycidyl acrylate, Glycidyl methacrylate, Vinyl glycidyl ether, Vinyl glycidyl urethane, 2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 2-Hydroxypropyl methacrylate, Hydroxymethyl methacrylate, N-Vinylpyrrolidone, 2-Vinyl pyridine, 4-Vinyl pyridine, and N-Vinyl-2-methylimidazole. 33. The method of claim 18, wherein the one or more polymerizable monomers comprise Dimethylaminopropyl acrylamide (DMPA). 34. The method of claim 18, wherein the one or more polymerizable monomers are selected from compounds of the following formula: H2C═C(R1)—C(O)—X—R2—N(R3)2,wherein R1 is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl group; R2 is a C1-C6-alkyl or aryl group; R3 is a methyl or ethyl group; and X is NH or O.
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