초록 ▼

A portable apparatus is provided which generates high purity breathable oxygen. The oxygen is produced in a reaction chamber from the reaction between an oxygen generating composition and a water/catalyst solution. The reaction chamber comprises a first compartment containing an oxygen peroxide addu

A portable apparatus is provided which generates high purity breathable oxygen. The oxygen is produced in a reaction chamber from the reaction between an oxygen generating composition and a water/catalyst solution. The reaction chamber comprises a first compartment containing an oxygen peroxide adduct and a temperature stabilizing material formulated into controlled release tablets and a second sealed compartment containing a catalyst dispersed in an aqueous solution. The temperature stabilizing material undergoes an endothermic reaction upon dissolution in the solution. The tablets dissolve in the solution releasing hydrogen peroxide at a constant rate. The hydrogen peroxide is further decomposed into oxygen and water from contact with the catalyst. A first membrane made from a hydrophobic and gas permeable material, lets oxygen through while containing the reaction materials. A second membrane made of hydrophilic superabsorbent material and impregnated with catalyst particles absorbs any unreacted hydrogen peroxide letting high purity oxygen through.

대표청구항 ▼

1. A portable chemical oxygen generator comprising: a housing enclosing a reaction chamber comprising a first compartment containing an oxygen generating composition comprising a hydrogen peroxide adduct and a temperature stabilizing material formulated into controlled-release tablets and a second s

1. A portable chemical oxygen generator comprising: a housing enclosing a reaction chamber comprising a first compartment containing an oxygen generating composition comprising a hydrogen peroxide adduct and a temperature stabilizing material formulated into controlled-release tablets and a second sealed compartment containing a catalyst dispersed in an aqueous solution;activation means attached to the housing for opening the second sealed compartment and for immersing the controlled-release tablets in the aqueous solution;a dual membrane filter comprising a first membrane made of a gas permeable and hydrophobic material with a Bendtsen Air Permeability of at least 300 mL/min and a Hydrostatic Head of at least 30 cm H2O, said first membrane letting oxygen and water and hydrogen peroxide vapors pass through while retaining the oxygen generating composition and the aqueous solution and a second membrane made of a hydrophilic superabsorbent material impregnated with catalyst particles at a loading greater than 5 g/m2, said second membrane letting oxygen through while decomposing and absorbing residual hydrogen peroxide vapor. 2. The generator of claim 1 wherein the hydrogen peroxide adduct is UHP. 3. The generator of claim 2 wherein the catalyst is a transition metal oxide colloid. 4. The Generator of claim 1 wherein the first membrane is made of high-density polyethylene. 5. The generator of claim 4 wherein the second membrane is made of a nonwoven fabric needle-punched with superabsorbent polyacrylamide fibers, said second membrane being capable of absorbing and retaining between 10 and 100 times its own weight in water. 6. A portable chemical oxygen generator comprising: a housing enclosing a reaction chamber comprising a first compartment containing an oxygen generating composition comprising a hydrogen peroxide adduct and a temperature stabilizing material comprising a hydrophilic compound producing an endothermic reaction upon dissolution in water, said oxygen generating composition formulated into controlled-release tablets comprising by weight % from 33% to 50% UHP and from 67% to 50% urea to maintain the temperature of the reaction chamber at a level lower than 45° C., and a second sealed compartment made from a liquid impermeable material containing a catalyst dispersed in an aqueous solution;activation means attached to the housing for opening the second sealed compartment and for immersing the controlled-release tablets in the aqueous solution;a dual membrane filter comprising a first membrane made of a gas permeable and hydrophobic material and a second membrane made of a hydrophilic material impregnated with catalyst particles. 7. The generator of claim 6 wherein the temperature stabilizing material has an enthalpy of solution greater than 50 cal/g. 8. The generator of claim 7 wherein the temperature stabilizing material is urea. 9. A portable chemical oxygen generator comprising: a housing enclosing a reaction chamber comprising a first compartment containing an oxygen generating composition comprising a hydrogen peroxide adduct and a temperature stabilizing material formulated into controlled-release tablets, and a second sealed compartment made from a liquid impermeable material containing a catalyst dispersed in an aqueous solution, said controlled-release tablets having a ratio of tablet length to tablet thickness greater than 8:1 to produce a zero-order release rate of oxygen over a period of time greater than 30 minutes;activation means attached to the housing for immersing the controlled-release tablets in the aqueous solution;a dual membrane filter comprised of a first membrane made of a gas permeable and hydrophobic material and a second membrane made of a hydrophilic material impregnated with catalyst particles. 10. The generator of claim 9 wherein the aqueous solution comprises distilled water and polyethylene glycol. 11. The generator of claim 9 wherein the oxygen generating composition comprises a slowly dissolving hydrophobic binder. 12. The generator of claim 11 where the binder is crystallized sucrose.