IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
|
국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
|
출원번호 |
US-0074323
(2011-03-29)
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등록번호 |
US-8154151
(2012-04-10)
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발명자
/ 주소 |
- King, Robert Dean
- Zhou, Zhi
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출원인 / 주소 |
|
대리인 / 주소 |
Ziolkowski Patent Solutions Group, SC
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인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
2 인용 특허 :
5 |
초록
▼
An apparatus, system, and method, the apparatus includes an intelligent energy transfer system including a configurable switching system electrically coupleable to a vehicle. The vehicle includes one of an electric vehicle and a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle. The configurable switching system is c
An apparatus, system, and method, the apparatus includes an intelligent energy transfer system including a configurable switching system electrically coupleable to a vehicle. The vehicle includes one of an electric vehicle and a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle. The configurable switching system is configured to convey a first direct current (DC) energy from a first energy source to an energy storage system of the vehicle, receive a first alternating current (AC) energy conveyed to the vehicle, convey a second DC energy from the vehicle to a first DC powered load, and convey a second AC energy from the vehicle to a first AC powered load. Each of the first energy source, the first AC powered load, and the first DC powered load are located remotely from the vehicle.
대표청구항
▼
1. An intelligent energy transfer system for controlling transfer of power between a vehicle and an external energy system, the intelligent energy transfer system comprising: a configurable switching system electrically coupleable to the vehicle, the vehicle comprising one of an electric vehicle and
1. An intelligent energy transfer system for controlling transfer of power between a vehicle and an external energy system, the intelligent energy transfer system comprising: a configurable switching system electrically coupleable to the vehicle, the vehicle comprising one of an electric vehicle and a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle having a vehicle energy system (VES) thereon configured to store electric power; anda processor electrically coupled to the configurable switching system and configured to control the configurable switching system, the processor being programmed to: determine a state of charge of the VES;compare the state of charge of the VES to a state of charge threshold;if the state of charge of the VES is below the threshold, then implement a charging protocol to cause power to be transferred from the external energy system to the VES;otherwise, if the state of charge of the VES is above the threshold, then implement a load protocol to cause power to be transferred from the VES to the external energy system;wherein implementing the charging protocol comprises: determining power parameters of the VES; andcontrolling the configurable switching system based on the power parameters of the VES so as to condition power provided from the external energy system to the VES; andwherein implementing the load protocol comprises: determining voltage and current characteristics of the external energy system to be supplied power from the VES;providing power to the external energy system if voltage and current characteristics of the external energy system match voltage and current characteristics of the VES; andpreventing the VES from providing power to the external energy system if the voltage and current characteristics of the external energy system do not match the voltage and current characteristics of the VES. 2. The intelligent energy transfer system of claim 1 further comprising a transfer switch actuatable between a first position and a second position. 3. The intelligent energy transfer system of claim 2 wherein, if the state of charge of the VES is above the state of charge threshold, the processor is further programmed to: determine whether the transfer switch is positioned in the first position or the second position; andif the transfer switch is in the first position, then implement the load protocol;otherwise, if the transfer switch is in the second position, then implement a utility energy transfer protocol, wherein implementing the utility energy transfer protocol comprises: determining if the external energy system is configured to receive power from the VES;determining a state of charge difference between the state of charge of the VES and the state of charge threshold;determining a debit monetary value of the state of charge difference;determining a credit monetary value for supplying the state of charge difference; andif the credit monetary value is greater than the debit monetary value, then implementing the load protocol;otherwise, if the credit monetary value is less than the debit monetary value, then implementing the charging protocol. 4. The intelligent energy transfer system of claim 1 wherein the processor is further programmed to implement a handshake technique, wherein implementing the handshake technique comprises: verifying a ground connection between the VES and the external energy system;verifying that a value of a ground fault connection between the VES and the external energy system is below a pre-determined threshold value;determining a state of health of the VES, the state of health being a function of at least one of a battery terminal voltage, an internal battery resistance, a battery temperature, and a battery voltage at a given value of the state of charge of the VES; andcomparing the state of health of the VES to a state of health threshold; andif the state of health of the VES is below the state of health threshold, then preventing any power transfer between the VES and the external energy system;otherwise, if the state of health of the VES is above the state of health threshold, then implementing one of the charging protocol and the load protocol based on the determined state of charge of the VES. 5. The intelligent energy transfer system of claim 1 wherein, in implementing the charging protocol, the processor is further programmed to: determine whether the external energy system is an energy source; andif the external energy system is an energy source, then run the charging protocol to allow power transfer of the conditioned power from the external energy system to the VES;otherwise, if the external energy system is not an energy source, then terminate the charging protocol to prevent power transfer from the external energy system to the VES. 6. The intelligent energy transfer system of claim 5 wherein, in implementing the charging protocol, the processor is further programmed to: determine whether the external energy system is an AC source or a DC source; andif the external energy system is an AC source, then determine a frequency, phase, and voltage of the external energy system;otherwise, if the external energy system is a DC source, then determine a frequency and voltage of the external energy system. 7. The intelligent energy transfer system of claim 6 wherein, in implementing the charging protocol, the processor is further programmed to control the configurable switching system to condition power provided from the external energy to the VES based on the determined frequency, phase, and voltage of the AC source or the frequency and voltage of the DC source. 8. The intelligent energy transfer system of claim 1 wherein, in implementing the load protocol, the processor is further programmed to: determine whether the external energy system is a load; andif the external energy system is a load, then run the load protocol to allow power transfer from the VES to the external energy system;otherwise, if the external energy system is not a load, then terminate the load protocol to prevent power transfer from the VES to the external energy system. 9. The intelligent energy transfer system of claim 8 wherein, in implementing the load protocol, the processor is further programmed to: compare the voltage and current characteristics of the external energy system to a VES voltage and current threshold;compare a power output from the VES to an external energy system voltage and current threshold; andif the voltage and current characteristics of the external energy system are below the VES voltage and current threshold, and the power output from the VES is below the external energy system voltage and current threshold, then provide power from the VES to the external energy system. 10. The intelligent energy transfer system of claim 1 wherein the configurable switching system comprises a bi-directional power converter. 11. A configurable energy conveyance system comprising: a vehicular energy storage system mechanically coupled to a vehicle, wherein the vehicle is one of an electric vehicle and a plug-in electric hybrid vehicle;a configurable switching system electrically coupleable to the vehicle; anda processing system coupled to the configurable switching system and configured to control the configurable switching system, the processing system programmed to: implement a handshake technique to verify acceptable conditions for a transfer of power between the vehicular energy storage system and an external energy system;determine a state of charge of the vehicular energy storage system;compare the state of charge of the vehicular energy storage system to a state of charge threshold;measure a voltage waveform of the external energy system, so as to identify the external energy system as one of an energy source and a load;implement a charging protocol if the state of charge of the vehicular energy storage system is below the threshold and the external energy system is identified as an energy source, wherein implementing the charging protocol controls the configurable switching system to condition power transferred from the external energy system to the vehicular energy storage system; andimplement a load protocol if the state of charge of the vehicular energy storage system is above the threshold and the external energy system is identified as load, wherein implementing the load protocol controls the configurable switching system to condition power transferred from the vehicular energy storage system to the external energy system. 12. The configurable energy conveyance system of claim 11 wherein, when implementing the handshake technique, the processing system is programmed to: verify a ground connection between the vehicular energy storage system and the external energy system;verify that a value of a ground fault connection between the vehicular energy storage system and the external energy system is below a pre-determined threshold value;determine a state of health of the vehicular energy storage system, the state of health being a function of at least one of a battery terminal voltage, an internal battery resistance, a battery temperature, and a battery voltage at a given value of the state of charge of the vehicular energy storage system;compare the state of health of the vehicular energy storage system to a state of health threshold; andif the state of health of the vehicular energy storage system is below the state of health threshold, then prevent any power transfer between the vehicular energy storage system and the external energy system;otherwise, if the state of health of the vehicular energy storage system is above the state of health threshold, then implement one of the charging protocol and the load protocol based on the determined state of charge of the vehicular energy storage system. 13. The configurable energy conveyance system of claim 11 wherein, when implementing the charging protocol, the processing system is programmed to: determine power parameters of the vehicular energy storage system;determine whether the external energy system is an AC source or a DC source based on the measured voltage waveform; andmeasure power parameters of the external energy system, the power parameters including a frequency, phase, and voltage of the external energy system if the external energy system is an AC source and including a frequency and voltage of the external energy system if the external energy system is a DC source; andcontrol the configurable switching system to condition power provided from the external energy system to the vehicular energy storage system based on the power parameters of the vehicular energy storage system and the power parameters of the external energy system. 14. The configurable energy conveyance system of claim 11 wherein, when implementing the load protocol, the processing system is programmed to: determine voltage and current characteristics of the external energy system;provide power to the external energy system if voltage and current characteristics of the external energy system match voltage and current characteristics of the vehicular energy storage system; andprevent the vehicular energy storage system from providing power to the external energy system if the voltage and current characteristics of the external energy system do not match the voltage and current characteristics of the vehicular energy storage system. 15. The configurable energy conveyance system of claim 11 wherein the processing system is programmed to: determine if the external energy system is configured to receive power from the vehicular energy storage system;determining a state of charge difference between the state of charge of the vehicular energy storage system and the state of charge threshold;determining a debit monetary value of the state of charge difference;determining a credit monetary value for supplying the state of charge difference; andif the credit monetary value is greater than the debit monetary value, then implementing the load protocol;otherwise, if the credit monetary value is less than the debit monetary value, then implementing the charging protocol. 16. A method of managing energy transfer between an energy storage system located on-board a vehicle and an energy system located external to the vehicle, the method comprising: performing a handshake technique to verify acceptable conditions for a transfer of power between the on-board energy storage system and the external energy system;determining a state of charge of the on-board energy storage system;comparing the state of charge of the on-board energy storage system to a state of charge threshold;implementing a charging protocol if the state of charge of the on-board energy storage system is below the threshold, so as to cause power to be transferred from the external energy system to the on-board energy storage system; andimplementing a load protocol if the state of charge of the on-board energy storage system is above the threshold, so as to cause power to be transferred from the on-board energy storage system to the external energy system;wherein implementing the charging protocol comprises: determining power parameters of the on-board energy storage system; andsynchronizing power provided from the external energy system with the on-board energy storage system based on the power parameters of the on-board energy storage system; andwherein implementing the load protocol comprises: determining voltage and current characteristics of the external energy system;providing power to the external energy system if voltage and current characteristics of the external energy system match voltage and current characteristics of the on-board energy storage system;preventing the on-board energy storage system from providing power to the external energy system if the voltage and current characteristics of the external energy system do not match the voltage and current characteristics of the on-board energy storage system. 17. The method of claim 16 wherein performing the handshake technique comprises: verifying a ground connection between the on-board energy storage system and the external energy system;verifying that a value of a ground fault connection is between the on-board energy storage system and the external energy system is below a pre-determined threshold value;determining a state of health of the on-board energy storage system, the state of health being a function of at least one of a battery terminal voltage, an internal battery resistance, a battery temperature, and a battery voltage at a given value of the state of charge of the on-board energy storage system; andcomparing the state of health of the on-board energy storage system to a state of health threshold; andif the state of health of the on-board energy storage system is below the state of health threshold, then preventing any power transfer between the on-board energy storage system and the external energy system;otherwise, if the state of health of the on-board energy storage system is above the state of health threshold, then implementing one of the charging protocol and the load protocol based on the determined state of charge of the on-board energy storage system. 18. The method of claim 16 further comprising: determining whether a vehicular transfer switch is positioned in a first position or a second position;implementing the load protocol if the transfer switch is in the first position;implementing a utility energy transfer protocol if the transfer switch is in the second position, wherein implementing the utility energy transfer protocol comprises: determining if the external energy system is configured to receive power from the on-board energy storage system;determining a state of charge difference between the state of charge of the on-board energy storage system and the state of charge threshold;determining a debit monetary value of the state of charge difference;determining a credit monetary value for supplying the state of charge difference; andif the credit monetary value is greater than the debit monetary value, then implementing the load protocol;otherwise, if the credit monetary value is less than the debit monetary value, then implementing the charging protocol. 19. The method of claim 16 wherein synchronizing power comprises controlling operation of a vehicular bi-directional power converter to condition power provided from the external energy source to the on-board energy storage system, the controlling of the vehicular bi-directional power converter being based on the power parameters of the on-board energy storage system and power parameters of the external energy system. 20. The method of claim 16 wherein implementing the load protocol further comprises: comparing the voltage and current characteristics of the external energy system to an on-board energy storage system voltage and current threshold;comparing a power output from the on-board energy storage system to an external energy system voltage and current threshold; andif the voltage and current characteristics of the external energy system are below the on-board energy storage system voltage and current threshold and the power output from the on-board energy storage system is below the external energy system voltage and current threshold, then providing power from the on-board energy storage system to the external energy system.
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