대표
청구항
▼
1. A single-sided circular polarized self-contained compound loop antenna, comprising: a magnetic loop located on a plane generating a magnetic field and having a first inductive reactance;a first electric field radiator located on the plane emitting a first electric field and having a first capacitive reactance, the first electric field radiator coupled to the magnetic loop and having a first orientation, wherein the first electric field is orthogonal to the magnetic field, and wherein a first physical arrangement between the first electric field radiat...
1. A single-sided circular polarized self-contained compound loop antenna, comprising: a magnetic loop located on a plane generating a magnetic field and having a first inductive reactance;a first electric field radiator located on the plane emitting a first electric field and having a first capacitive reactance, the first electric field radiator coupled to the magnetic loop and having a first orientation, wherein the first electric field is orthogonal to the magnetic field, and wherein a first physical arrangement between the first electric field radiator and the magnetic loop results in a second capacitive reactance; anda second electric field radiator located on the plane emitting a second electric field out of phase with the first electric field, the second electric field radiator having a third capacitive reactance and coupled to the magnetic loop and having a second orientation orthogonal to the first orientation, wherein the second electric field is orthogonal to the magnetic field and orthogonal to the first electric field, wherein a second physical arrangement between the second electric field radiator and the magnetic loop results in a fourth capacitive reactance, and wherein the first inductive reactance matches a combined capacitive reactance from the first capacitive reactance, the second capacitive reactance, the third capacitive reactance, and the fourth capacitive reactance. 2. The antenna as recited in claim 1, further comprising a counterpoise formed on the magnetic loop and having a counterpoise width greater than a loop width of the magnetic loop, the counterpoise positioned at a position selected from the group consisting of opposite the first electric field radiator, opposite the second electric field radiator, and opposite the first electric field radiator and the second electric field radiator. 3. The antenna as recited in claim 2, further comprising a transition formed on the magnetic loop and positioned along the magnetic loop before the counterpoise, the transition having a transition width greater than the loop width and substantially creating a 180 degree phase delay to the counterpoise. 4. The antenna as recited in claim 3, further comprising a balun canceling a common mode current and tuning the antenna to a desired input impedance. 5. The antenna as recited in claim 2, further comprising a balun canceling a common mode current and tuning the antenna to a desired input impedance. 6. The antenna as recited in claim 1, wherein the first electric field radiator is directly coupled to the magnetic loop at a reflective minimum point where a current flowing through the magnetic loop is at a reflective minimum. 7. The antenna as recited in claim 1, wherein the second electric field radiator is directly coupled to the magnetic loop at a reflective minimum point where a current flowing through the magnetic loop is at a reflective minimum. 8. The antenna as recited in claim 1, wherein the first electric field radiator is coupled to the magnetic loop via an electrical trace at a reflective minimum point where a current flowing through the magnetic loop is at a reflective minimum. 9. The antenna as recited in claim 1, wherein the second electric field radiator is coupled to the magnetic loop via an electrical trace at a reflective minimum point where a current flowing through the magnetic loop is at a reflective minimum. 10. The antenna as recited in claim 1, wherein the first electric field radiator is directly coupled to the magnetic loop at a reflective minimum point where a current flowing through the magnetic loop is at a reflective minimum, and wherein the second electric field radiator is directly coupled to the first electric field radiator at a point where an electrical delay between a feed point of the first electric field radiator and a feed point of the second electric field radiator ensures that the first electric field radiator is out of phase with the second electric field radiator. 11. The antenna as recited in claim 1, wherein the magnetic loop is substantially rectangular shaped having four corners cut at an angle. 12. The antenna as recited in claim 1, wherein the first electric field radiator is oriented vertically and the second electric field radiator is oriented horizontally. 13. The antenna as recited in claim 1, wherein the first electric field radiator is coupled to the magnetic loop on a first side, and wherein a physical length of the first electric field radiator is less than a physical length of the second electric field radiator, further comprising a substantially rectangular stub directly coupled to a second side of the magnetic loop opposite the first side, the stub tuning an electrical length of the first electric field radiator to match an electrical length of the second electric field radiator. 14. The antenna as recited in claim 1, further comprising one or more delay loops formed on one or more sides of the magnetic loop, the one or more delay loops introducing an electrical delay between the first electric field radiator and the second electric field radiator, wherein the electrical delay ensures that the first electric field is emitted out of phase with the second electric field. 15. The antenna as recited in claim 14, wherein a delay loop from the one or more delay loops is substantially rectangular shaped. 16. The antenna as recited in claim 14, wherein a delay loop from the one or more delay loops is substantially smooth curve shaped. 17. The antenna as recited in claim 1, further comprising one or more delay stubs formed on one or more sides of the magnetic loop, the one or more delay stubs being substantially rectangular, wherein the one or more delay stubs introduce an electrical delay between the first electric field radiator and the second electric field radiator ensuring the first electric field is emitted out of phase with the second electric field. 18. A single-sided circular polarized self-contained compound loop antenna, comprising: a magnetic loop located on a plane generating a magnetic field and having a first inductive reactance;a first electric field radiator located on the plane emitting a first electric field and having a first capacitive reactance, the first electric field radiator coupled to the magnetic loop and having a first orientation, wherein the first electric field is orthogonal to the magnetic field, and wherein a first physical arrangement between the first electric field radiator and the magnetic loop results in a second capacitive reactance;a second electric field radiator located on the plane emitting a second electric field out of phase with the first electric field, the second electric field radiator having a third capacitive reactance and coupled to the magnetic loop and having a second orientation orthogonal to the first orientation, wherein the second electric field is orthogonal to the magnetic field and orthogonal to the first electric field, wherein a second physical arrangement between the second electric field radiator and the magnetic loop results in a fourth capacitive reactance, and wherein the first inductive reactance matches a combined capacitive reactance from the first capacitive reactance, the second capacitive reactance, the third capacitive reactance, and the fourth capacitive reactance;a counterpoise formed on the magnetic loop and having a counterpoise width greater than a loop width of the magnetic loop, the counterpoise positioned opposite at least one of the first electric field radiator and the second electric field radiator; anda balun canceling a common mode current and tuning the antenna to a desired input impedance. 19. A multi-layered circular polarized self-contained compound loop antenna, comprising: a magnetic loop located on a first plane generating a magnetic field and having a first inductive reactance;a first electric field radiator located on the first plane emitting a first electric field and having a first capacitive reactance, the first electric field radiator coupled to the magnetic loop and having a first orientation, wherein the first electric field is orthogonal to the magnetic field, and wherein a first physical arrangement between the first electric field radiator and the magnetic loop results in a second capacitive reactance;a second electric field radiator located on the first plane emitting a second electric field out of phase with the first electric field, the second electric field radiator coupled to the magnetic loop and having a third capacitive reactance, the second electric field radiator having a second orientation orthogonal to the first orientation, wherein the second electric field is orthogonal to the magnetic field and orthogonal to the first electric field, wherein a second physical arrangement between the second electric field radiator and the magnetic loop results in a fourth capacitive reactance; anda patch located on a second plane below the first plane and having a fifth capacitive reactance, the patch having a third orientation parallel to the first orientation and orthogonal to the second orientation, the patch emitting a third electric field perpendicular to the magnetic field and to the second electric field, the third electric field emitted in phase with the first electric field and out of phase with the second electric field, wherein a third physical arrangement between the patch and the magnetic loop results in a sixth capacitive reactance, and wherein the first inductive reactance matches a combined capacitive reactance from the first capacitive reactance, the second capacitive reactance, the third capacitive reactance, the fourth capacitive reactance, the fifth capacitive reactance, and the sixth capacitive reactance. 20. The antenna as recited in claim 19, further comprising a substantially rectangular portion cut out of the patch to reduce a capacitive coupling between the patch and the second electric field radiator. 21. The antenna as recited in claim 19, further comprising a counterpoise formed on the magnetic loop and having a counterpoise width greater than a loop width of the magnetic loop, the counterpoise positioned at a position selected from the group consisting of opposite the first electric field radiator, opposite the second electric field radiator, and opposite the first electric field radiator and the second electric field radiator. 22. The antenna as recited in claim 21, further comprising a transition formed on the magnetic loop and positioned along the magnetic loop before the counterpoise, the transition having a transition width greater than the loop width and substantially creating a 180 degree phase delay to the counterpoise. 23. The antenna as recited in claim 22, further comprising a balun canceling a common mode current and tuning the antenna to a desired input impedance. 24. The antenna as recited in claim 21, further comprising a balun canceling a common mode current and tuning the antenna to a desired input impedance. 25. The antenna as recited in claim 19, wherein the first electric field radiator is directly coupled to the magnetic loop at a reflective minimum point where a current flowing through the magnetic loop is at a reflective minimum. 26. The antenna as recited in claim 19, wherein the second electric field radiator is directly coupled to the magnetic loop at a reflective minimum point where a current flowing through the magnetic loop is at a reflective minimum. 27. The antenna as recited in claim 19, wherein the first electric field radiator is coupled to the magnetic loop via an electrical trace at a reflective minimum point where a current flowing through the magnetic loop is at a reflective minimum. 28. The antenna as recited in claim 19, wherein the second electric field radiator is coupled to the magnetic loop via an electrical trace at a reflective minimum point where a current flowing through the magnetic loop is at a reflective minimum. 29. The antenna as recited in claim 19, wherein the first electric field radiator is directly coupled to the magnetic loop at a reflective minimum point where a current flowing through the magnetic loop is at a reflective minimum, and wherein the second electric field radiator is directly coupled to the first electric field radiator at a point where an electrical delay between a feed point of the first electric field radiator and a feed point of the second electric field radiator ensures that the first electric field radiator is out of phase with the second electric field radiator. 30. The antenna as recited in claim 19, wherein the magnetic loop is substantially rectangular shaped having four corners cut at an angle. 31. The antenna as recited in claim 19, wherein the first electric field radiator is oriented vertically and the second electric field radiator is oriented horizontally. 32. The antenna as recited in claim 19, wherein the first electric field radiator is coupled to the magnetic loop on a first side, and wherein a physical length of the first electric field radiator is less than a physical length of the second electric field radiator, further comprising a substantially rectangular stub directly coupled to a second side of the magnetic loop opposite the first side, the stub tuning an electrical length of the first electric field radiator to match an electrical length of the second electric field radiator. 33. The antenna as recited in claim 19, further comprising one or more delay loops formed on one or more sides of the magnetic loop, the one or more delay loops introducing an electrical delay between the first electric field radiator and the second electric field radiator, wherein the electrical delay ensures that the first electric field is emitted out of phase with the second electric field. 34. The antenna as recited in claim 33, wherein a delay loop from the one or more delay loops is substantially rectangular shaped. 35. The antenna as recited in claim 33, wherein a delay loop from the one or more delay loops is substantially smooth curve shaped. 36. The antenna as recited in claim 19, further comprising one or more delay stubs formed on one or more sides of the magnetic loop, the one or more delay stubs being substantially rectangular, wherein the one or more delay stubs introduce an electrical delay between the first electric field radiator and the second electric field radiator ensuring the first electric field is emitted out of phase with the second electric field. 37. A multi-layered circular polarized self-contained compound loop antenna, comprising: a magnetic loop located on a first plane generating a magnetic field and having a first inductive reactance;a first electric field radiator located on the first plane emitting a first electric field and having a first capacitive reactance, the first electric field radiator coupled to the magnetic loop and having a first orientation, wherein the first electric field is orthogonal to the magnetic field, and wherein a first physical arrangement between the first electric field radiator and the magnetic loop results in a second capacitive reactance;a second electric field radiator located on the first plane emitting a second electric field out of phase with the first electric field, the second electric field radiator coupled to the magnetic loop and having a third capacitive reactance, the second electric field radiator having a second orientation orthogonal to the first orientation, wherein the second electric field is orthogonal to the magnetic field and orthogonal to the first electric field, wherein a second physical arrangement between the second electric field radiator and the magnetic loop results in a fourth capacitive reactance;a patch located on a second plane below the first plane and having a fifth capacitive reactance, the patch having a third orientation parallel to the first orientation and orthogonal to the second orientation, the patch emitting a third electric field perpendicular to the magnetic field and to the second electric field, the third electric field emitted in phase with the first electric field and out of phase with the second electric field, wherein a third physical arrangement between the patch and the magnetic loop results in a sixth capacitive reactance, and wherein the first inductive reactance matches a combined capacitive reactance from the first capacitive reactance, the second capacitive reactance, the third capacitive reactance, the fourth capacitive reactance, the fifth capacitive reactance, and the sixth capacitive reactance;a counterpoise formed on the magnetic loop and having a counterpoise width greater than a loop width of the magnetic loop, the counterpoise positioned opposite at least one of the first electric field radiator and the second electric field radiator; anda balun canceling a common mode current and tuning the antenna to a desired input impedance.
