IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
|
국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
|
출원번호 |
US-0545815
(2009-08-22)
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등록번호 |
US-8188688
(2012-05-29)
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발명자
/ 주소 |
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출원인 / 주소 |
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대리인 / 주소 |
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인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
30 인용 특허 :
230 |
초록
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The invention comprises a charged particle beam acceleration, extraction, and/or targeting method and apparatus used in conjunction with charged particle beam radiation therapy of cancerous tumors. Novel design features of a synchrotron are described. Particularly, turning magnets, edge focusing mag
The invention comprises a charged particle beam acceleration, extraction, and/or targeting method and apparatus used in conjunction with charged particle beam radiation therapy of cancerous tumors. Novel design features of a synchrotron are described. Particularly, turning magnets, edge focusing magnets, concentrating magnetic field magnets, winding and control coils, flat surface incident magnetic field surfaces, and extraction elements are described that minimize the overall size of the synchrotron, provide a tightly controlled proton beam, directly reduce the size of required magnetic fields, directly reduces required operating power, and allow continual acceleration of protons in a synchrotron even during a process of extracting protons from the synchrotron.
대표청구항
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1. An apparatus for acceleration of charged particles in a charged particle beam path, comprising: a synchrotron, said synchrotron comprising: a first magnet, said first magnet comprising an incident surface;a non-magnetic isolating layer, said isolating layer comprising a first side and a second si
1. An apparatus for acceleration of charged particles in a charged particle beam path, comprising: a synchrotron, said synchrotron comprising: a first magnet, said first magnet comprising an incident surface;a non-magnetic isolating layer, said isolating layer comprising a first side and a second side;a first magnetic penetration layer, said first magnetic penetration layer comprising a first foil, said first foil comprising an inner surface and an outer surface; anda second magnet, said second magnet comprising an exiting surface, said incident surface of said first magnet affixed to said first side of said isolating layer, said second side of said isolating layer affixed to said inner surface of said first foil, said charged particle beam path positioned between said outer surface of said first foil and said exiting surface. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, said synchrotron further comprising: a second magnetic penetration layer, said second magnetic penetration layer comprising a second foil, said second foil comprising an inner side and an outer side, said inner side of said second foil affixed to said outer surface of said first foil. 3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein both said first foil and said second foil each comprise a thickness of less than about 0.2 millimeters, wherein all of said first foil inner surface, said first foil outer surface, said second foil inner side, and said second foil outer side comprise a surface finish of less than about five micron polish. 4. The apparatus of claim 2, said synchrotron further comprising: a return yoke, wherein a magnetic field runs sequentially through said first magnet, said non-conductive isolating layer, said first magnetic penetration layer, said second magnetic penetration layer, said charged particle beam path, said second magnet, said yoke, and back to said first magnet. 5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said charged particle beam path comprises a vacuum path with cross dimensions of less than about three centimeters by about eight centimeters. 6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said isolating layer comprises a non-conductive material, wherein said isolating material comprises a thickness of less than about one millimeter. 7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the charged particles circulate in said charged particle beam path during use. 8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said synchrotron further comprises: a radio-frequency cavity system comprising a first pair of blades for inducing betatron oscillation of the charged particles;an extraction foil yielding slowed charged particles from the charged particles having sufficient betatron oscillation to traverse said foil, wherein the slowed charged particles pass through a second pair of blades having an extraction voltage directing the charged particles out of said synchrotron through an extraction magnet. 9. A method for turning charged particles in a charged particle beam path, comprising the step of: accelerating the charged particles with a synchrotron, said synchrotron comprising: a first magnet generating a magnetic field, said first magnet comprising an incident surface;a non-magnetic isolating layer, said isolating layer comprising a first side and a second side, said non-magnetic isolating layer comprising a thickness of at least 0.05 millimeters;a first magnetic penetration layer, said first magnetic penetration layer comprising a first foil, said first foil comprising an inner surface and an outer surface;a second magnet, said second magnet comprising an exiting surface, said incident surface of said first magnet affixed to said first side of said isolating layer, said second side of said isolating layer affixed to said inner surface of said first foil, said charged particle beam path positioned between said outer surface of said first foil and said exiting surface; andgenerating a magnetic field using said first magnet; andblending said magnetic field using said thickness of said non-magnetic isolating layer provides to even out non-uniform properties of said magnetic field, wherein said magnetic field turns said charged particles in said charged particle beam path. 10. The method of claim 9, further comprising the step of: evening said magnetic field using a second magnetic penetration layer, said second magnetic penetration layer comprising a second foil, said second foil comprising an inner side and an outer side, said inner side of said second foil affixed to said outer surface of said first foil, wherein a surface polish of said outer side of said second foil evens said magnetic field. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein both said first foil and said second foil each comprise a thickness of less than about 0.2 millimeters, wherein all of said first foil inner surface, said first foil outer surface, said second foil inner side, and said second foil outer side comprise a surface finish of less than about five micron polish. 12. The method of claim 10, further comprising the step of: circulating said magnetic field sequentially through said first magnet, said non-conductive isolating layer, said first magnetic penetration layer, said second magnetic penetration layer, said charged particle beam path, said second magnet, said yoke, and back to said first magnet. 13. The method of claim 9, further comprising the step of: circulating said charged particles in said charged particle beam path, wherein said magnetic field axially crosses said charged particle beam path. 14. The method of claim 9, further comprising the steps of: inducing a betatron oscillation of the charged particles using a radio-frequency cavity system comprising a first pair of blades;traversing the charged particles across an extraction foil yielding slowed charged particles from the charged particles having sufficient betatron oscillation to traverse said foil;passing the slowed charged particles through a second pair of blades having an extraction voltage; andextracting the charged particles passing through said second pair of blades out of said synchrotron through an extraction magnet. 15. The method of claim 9, further comprising the steps of: controlling a magnetic field in a bending magnet of said synchrotron, said bending magnet comprising: a tapered iron based core adjacent said charged particle beam path, said core comprising a surface polish of less than about ten microns roughness; anda focusing geometry comprising: a first cross-sectional distance of said iron based core forming an edge of said first magnet; anda second cross-sectional distance of said iron based core not in contact with said charged particle beam path, wherein said second cross-sectional distance is at least fifty percent larger than said first cross-sectional distance, said first cross-sectional distance running parallel said second cross-sectional distance. 16. The method of claim 9, further comprising the steps of: extracting the charged particles from said synchrotron;controlling an energy of the charged particles; andcontrolling an intensity of the charged particles,wherein said step of controlling said energy and said step of controlling said intensity both occur prior to the charged particles passing through a Lamberson extraction magnet in said synchrotron during said step of extracting. 17. The method of claim 9, further comprising the steps of: rotating a platform, said charged particle beam path passing above at least a portion of said platform, wherein said platform rotates through at least one hundred eighty degrees during an irradiation period; anddelivering the charged particles above said platform in said charged particle beam path, wherein said step of delivering the charged particles occurs in greater than four rotation positions of said rotatable platform. 18. The method of claim 9, further comprising the steps of: transmitting the circulating charged particle beam through an extraction material, said extraction material yielding a reduced energy charged particle beam;applying a field of at least five hundred volts across a pair of extraction blades;passing the reduced energy charged particle beam between said pair of extraction blades,wherein said field redirects the reduced energy charged particle beam as an extracted charged particle beam. 19. An apparatus for acceleration of charged particles in a charged particle beam path, comprising: a synchrotron, said synchrotron comprising: a first magnet, said first magnet comprising an incident surface; anda first foil, said first foil comprising an inner side and an outer side, said inner side of said first foil affixed with a first adhesive layer to said incident surface, said charged particle beam path proximate said outer side of said foil. 20. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein said first foil of said first magnetic penetration layer comprises a thickness of less than about 0.2 mm thickness, wherein both said inner side of said foil and said outer side of said foil comprise an average surface roughness of less than about three micrometers. 21. The apparatus of claim 20, further comprising a gap isolating material, wherein said gap isolating layer comprises a non-conductive electric isolating layer, wherein said gap isolating material comprises a non-magnetic material, wherein said gap isolating material comprises an outer surface finish of about zero to three microns, said gap isolating material positioned between said incident surface of said first magnet and said inner side of said first foil. 22. The apparatus of claim 21, further comprising: a second foil, said second foil comprising a first side and a second side, said first side of said second foil affixed to said outer side of said first foil with a second adhesive layer. 23. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein said first foil comprises a nickel alloy. 24. The apparatus of claim 19, further comprising: a second magnet, said second magnet comprising an exiting surface,wherein said charged particle beam path is positioned between said outer side of said first foil and said second magnet. 25. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein said synchrotron further comprises: exactly four ninety degree turning sections, wherein each of said four ninety degree turning sections further comprises at least four magnets proximate said charged particle beam path, said at least four magnets comprising a total of at least eight beveled focusing edges. 26. The apparatus of claim 19, said synchrotron further comprising: an extraction material;at least a one kilovolt direct current field applied across a pair of extraction blades; anda deflector,wherein the charged particles beam pass through said extraction material resulting in a reduced energy charged particle beam,wherein the reduced energy charged particle beam passes between said pair of extraction blades, andwherein the direct current field redirects the reduced energy charged particle beam through said deflector,wherein said deflector yields an extracted charged particle beam.
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