초록 ▼

Less hazardous methods for generating thermal energy for heating water, medical supplies or comestible products using improved flameless chemical heaters/flameless ration heaters by novel chemical or electrochemical means, each capable of suppressing the generation of hydrogen gas. Remote unit self-

Less hazardous methods for generating thermal energy for heating water, medical supplies or comestible products using improved flameless chemical heaters/flameless ration heaters by novel chemical or electrochemical means, each capable of suppressing the generation of hydrogen gas. Remote unit self-heating meals may be more rapidly heated by forming a reaction mixture comprising magnesium or a magnesium-containing alloy, and a hydrogen eliminator or suppressor, and introducing water to react the reaction mixture and generate a more rapid release of thermal energy sufficient to effectuate a more accelerated temperature rise and more rapid heating of medical supplies, water, rations or other comestible substances while simultaneously suppressing or eliminating the generation of potentially hazardous hydrogen.

대표청구항 ▼

1. A hydrogen suppressing, flameless, heat generating chemical composition comprising a reaction mixture having at least the following reactants: magnesium with small trace amounts of alloying metals in the range of 0.001% to 0.1% selected from the group consisting of: iron, cobalt, nickel, zinc and

1. A hydrogen suppressing, flameless, heat generating chemical composition comprising a reaction mixture having at least the following reactants: magnesium with small trace amounts of alloying metals in the range of 0.001% to 0.1% selected from the group consisting of: iron, cobalt, nickel, zinc and aluminum water; particulate carbon; a hydrogen overvoltage suppressor; a flowing agent; a reaction activator selected from the group consisting of: an inorganic salt, a thermally and electrically conducting, high surface area synthetic graphite, a conducting carbon, a conducting graphite and combinations thereof; and, a hydrogen suppressor selected from the group consisting of: γ-MnO2, oxides of ruthenium, PtO, IrO7, RhO7, Fe2O3, Co3O4, NiO, Ag2O, Au7O3, TiO2, ZrO2, HfO2, Ta2O5, PbO2, and combinations thereof, and each of said reactants being present in a proportional amount to generate sufficient heat to heat water, medical supplies and/or consumable rations, wherein said chemical composition is placed in a reaction mixture bag made to be hydrophilic by dipping said reaction mixture bag in an aqueous solution containing a surfactant or by applying a dab of said aqueous solution containing said surfactant on a side of said reaction mixture bag. 2. The hydrogen suppressing, flameless, heat generating chemical composition according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen suppressor is γ-MnO2 present in an amount ranging from 0.5 to 10 times the stoichiometric amount required for the magnesium and the γ-MnO2 reaction with water to occur. 3. The hydrogen suppressing, flameless, heat generating chemical composition according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen overvoltage suppressor is a metal sulfide. 4. The hydrogen suppressing, flameless, heat generating composition according to claim 1, wherein the reaction activator is magnesium chloride present in an amount from 0.001 to 50 percent by-weight. 5. The hydrogen suppressing, flameless, heat generating composition according to claim 4, wherein the reaction activator is mixed with the reaction mixture prior to incorporating water into the reaction mixture. 6. The hydrogen suppressing, flameless, heat generating composition according to claim 1, wherein the reaction activator is present in an amount from 0.001 to 50 percent by-weight. 7. The hydrogen suppressing, flameless, heat generating composition according to claim 1, wherein the reaction activator is the synthetic graphite and the synthetic graphite is Asbury 4827. 8. The hydrogen suppressing, flameless, heat generating composition according to claim 1, wherein the reaction activator is the conducting carbon and the conducting carbon is Ketjenblack, Black Pearls® 2000, Black Pearls® 1300 or Asbury TC 307. 9. The hydrogen suppressing, flameless, heat generating composition according to claim 1, wherein the reaction activator is mixed with the reaction mixture in a vibratory or ball mill for at least an hour prior to activating the reaction mixture with water. 10. A heater device comprising the hydrogen suppressing, flameless, heat generating chemical composition according to claim 1. 11. The heater device of claim 10 wherein the hydrogen suppressing, flameless, heat generating chemical composition is enclosed within the reaction mixture bag, the reaction mixture bag comprising a filter cloth, wherein said filter cloth comprises a 6-ply sonic bonded polypropylene laminate. 12. The heater device of claim 10 wherein the hydrogen suppressing, flameless, heat generating chemical composition is enclosed within the reaction mixture bag, the reaction mixture bag comprising a dual layer bag comprising a first layer comprising polyester fibers and a second layer comprising polypropylene fibers. 13. The heater device of claim 10 wherein the hydrogen suppressing, flameless, heat generating chemical composition is enclosed within the reaction mixture bag, the reaction mixture bag comprising a multi-layer bag comprising a plurality of layers of polyester fibers. 14. The heater device of claim 10 wherein the hydrogen suppressing, flameless, heat generating chemical composition is enclosed within the reaction mixture bag, the reaction mixture bag comprising a dual layer bag comprising an outer layer of 3-ply bonded polypropylene fiber cloth and an inner layer of spunbond/meltblown/spunbond filter media comprising polypropylene. 15. A meal, ready-to-eat package comprising the flameless heater device according to claim 10.