Method of treating a gaseous mixture comprising hydrogen, carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulphide
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
C01B-003/02
C01B-031/20
C10L-003/00
출원번호
US-0835063
(2010-07-13)
등록번호
US-8226912
(2012-07-24)
발명자
/ 주소
Kloosterman, Jeffrey William
Fogash, Kevin Boyle
Wright, Andrew David
출원인 / 주소
Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.
대리인 / 주소
Jones, II, Willard
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
61인용 특허 :
0
초록▼
A gaseous mixture, comprising CO2, H2, H2S and optionally CO, is separated into an H2 or H2 and CO product stream (H2/CO product stream), and a CO2 enriched stream containing at least one combustible component selected from H2S, H2, CO and any additional combustible components present in the gaseous
A gaseous mixture, comprising CO2, H2, H2S and optionally CO, is separated into an H2 or H2 and CO product stream (H2/CO product stream), and a CO2 enriched stream containing at least one combustible component selected from H2S, H2, CO and any additional combustible components present in the gaseous mixture. A support fuel stream, comprising one or more combustible components, is combusted to form a stable flame, and the CO2 enriched stream and flame are contacted in the presence of sufficient O2 to combust all or substantially all of the combustible component(s) present in said CO2 enriched stream. A CO2 product stream is formed from said combustion effluent. The support fuel stream may be generated from the process of generating or separating the gaseous mixture or from the H2/CO product stream. Where the CO2 enriched stream contains H2S, the support fuel stream may also be a stream obtained off-site that comprises H2S.
대표청구항▼
1. A method of treating a gaseous mixture, comprising CO2, H2, H2S, optionally CO, and optionally one or more additional combustible components, to obtain an H2 or H2 and CO product stream (H2/CO product stream) and a CO2 product stream, the method comprising: separating the gaseous mixture to provi
1. A method of treating a gaseous mixture, comprising CO2, H2, H2S, optionally CO, and optionally one or more additional combustible components, to obtain an H2 or H2 and CO product stream (H2/CO product stream) and a CO2 product stream, the method comprising: separating the gaseous mixture to provide the H2/CO product stream and a CO2 enriched stream, the CO2 enriched stream containing at least one combustible component selected from H2S, H2, CO and any additional combustible components present in the gaseous mixture;obtaining a support fuel stream comprising one or more combustible components, wherein said support fuel stream is a gaseous stream derived from the production of the gaseous mixture, is a portion of the gaseous mixture, is separated from the gaseous mixture in addition to the H2/CO product stream and CO2 enriched stream, is a portion of the H2/CO product, or is derived from the H2/CO product;combusting the support fuel stream, in the presence of sufficient O2 to combust all or substantially all of the combustible component(s) present in said support fuel stream, to form a stable flame to act as the ignition source for combustion of the combustible component(s) present in the CO2 enriched stream;contacting the CO2 enriched stream, said flame and sufficient O2 to combust all or substantially all of the combustible component(s) present in said CO2 enriched stream and form a combustion effluent comprising CO2 and the combustion product(s) of the combustible component(s) of the support fuel and CO2 enriched streams; andforming the CO2 product stream from said combustion effluent. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the gaseous mixture comprises from about 10 to about 60 mole % CO2, from about 500 ppm to about 5 mole % H2S and from about 35 mole % to the remainder of H2 or, if CO is present, of a mixture of H2 and CO. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the H2/CO product stream is at least about 90 mole % H2 or a mixture of H2 and CO, and contains less than about 50 ppm H2S. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the CO2 enriched stream is at least about 70 mole % CO2. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the CO2 enriched stream has a HHV below 3750 kJ/scm (100 Btu/scf), and the support fuel stream has a HHV above 4500 kJ/scm (120 Btu/scf). 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the oxidant stream or streams mixed with the support fuel stream and CO2 enriched stream to supply the O2 for combustion comprise greater than 21 mole % oxygen. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the oxidant stream or streams mixed with the support fuel stream and CO2 enriched stream to supply the O2 for combustion comprise at least 90 mole % oxygen. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the support fuel stream comprises and/or the CO2 enriched stream contains H2S, such that the combustion products in the combustion effluent comprise SOx and H2O, and in order to form the CO2 product stream SOx and H2O are removed from the combustion effluent by: cooling the combustion effluent to condense out water and convert SO3 to sulfuric acid;maintaining said cooled combustion effluent at elevated pressure(s) in the presence of O2, water and NOx, for a sufficient time to convert SO2 to sulfuric acid and NOx to nitric acid; andseparating water, sulfuric acid and nitric acid from said cooled combustion effluent. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the gaseous mixture is a crude syngas mixture formed by gasifying or reforming a carbonaceous feedstock and, optionally: quenching the initially produced syngas mixture to remove particulates; and/or subjecting the initially produced mixture or the quenched mixture to a water-gas shift reaction; and/or removing water from the initially produced, quenched and/or shifted mixture. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein said support fuel stream is a gaseous stream derived from the production of the gaseous mixture, and is formed from: a vapour obtained from a waste water stream from quenching and/or removing water from the syngas mixture; and/or from a portion of the syngas mixture prior to quenching, water-gas shift, and/or removal of water. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein said support fuel stream is a portion of the gaseous mixture taken to form said support fuel stream instead of being separated to provide the H2/CO product and a CO2 enriched streams. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein said support fuel stream is a stream separated from the gaseous mixture in addition to the H2/CO product stream and CO2 enriched stream. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the gaseous mixture is separated to provide the H2/CO product stream, the CO2 enriched stream and the support fuel stream using one or more pressure swing adsorption (PSA) systems. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the gaseous mixture is separated in a PSA system to provide the H2/CO product stream, the CO2 enriched stream and the support fuel stream, whereby the CO2 enriched stream is formed from gas withdrawn during a blowdown step and the support fuel stream is formed from gas withdrawn during a purge step. 15. The method of claim 13, wherein the gaseous mixture is separated in a PSA system to provide the H2/CO product stream, the CO2 enriched stream and the support fuel stream, whereby the CO2 enriched stream and support fuel stream are formed from gases withdrawn at different points in time during the same blowdown and/or purge step(s). 16. The method of claim 13, wherein the gaseous mixture is separated using two PSA systems operated in parallel, wherein one PSA system is operated under one set of operating conditions to separate part of the gaseous mixture to provide an H2 enriched stream and the CO2 enriched stream, and another PSA system is operated under a different set of operating conditions to separate another part the gaseous mixture to provide an H2 enriched stream and the support fuel stream, the H2/CO product stream being formed from one or both of said H2 enriched streams. 17. The method of claim 13, wherein the gaseous mixture is separated using two PSA systems operated in series, wherein the gaseous mixture is separated by a first PSA system to provide an H2 or H2 and CO enriched stream and a stream comprising H2S and CO2, and the H2 or H2 and CO enriched stream is separated in a second PSA system to provide the H2/CO product stream and a stream containing CO2, wherein: the CO2 enriched stream is formed from one of said stream comprising H2S and CO2 and said stream containing CO2, and the support fuel stream is formed from the other of said streams; or the CO2 enriched stream is formed from one or both of said stream comprising H2S and CO2 and said stream containing CO2, and the support fuel stream is formed from another H2 or H2 and CO enriched stream separated from the gaseous mixture by the first PSA system. 18. The method of claim 12, wherein the gaseous mixture is separated to provide the H2/CO product stream, the CO2 enriched stream and the support fuel stream by separating the gaseous mixture to provide the support fuel stream, which comprises H2S and CO2, and a stream depleted in H2S and enriched in H2 or H2 and CO, and separating said stream depleted in H2S to provide the H2/CO product stream and the CO2 enriched stream. 19. The method of claim 12, wherein the gaseous mixture is separated to provide the H2/CO product stream, the CO2 enriched stream and the support fuel stream by separating the gaseous mixture to provide the CO2 enriched stream, which comprises H2S and CO2, and a stream depleted in H2S and enriched in H2 or H2 and CO, and separating said stream depleted in H2S to provide the support fuel stream, which comprises CO2, H2 and optionally CO, and the H2/CO product stream. 20. A method of treating a gaseous mixture, comprising CO2, H2, H2S, optionally CO, and optionally one or more additional combustible components, to obtain an H2 or H2 and CO product stream (H2/CO product stream) and a CO2 product stream, the method comprising: separating the gaseous mixture to provide the H2/CO product stream and a CO2 enriched stream, the CO2 enriched stream containing H2S and, optionally, one or more other combustible components selected from H2, CO and any additional combustible components present in the gaseous mixture;obtaining a support fuel stream comprising H2S and, optionally, one or more other combustible components, wherein the support fuel stream contains at least 50 ppm H2S;combusting the support fuel stream, in the presence of sufficient O2 to combust all or substantially all of the combustible component(s) present in said support fuel stream, to form a stable flame to act as the ignition source for combustion of the combustible component(s) present in the CO2 enriched stream;contacting the CO2 enriched stream, said flame and sufficient O2 to combust all or substantially all of the combustible component(s) present in said CO2 enriched stream and form a combustion effluent comprising CO2, SOx, H2O and any other combustion product(s) of any other combustible component(s) additional to H2S present in the support fuel and CO2 enriched streams; andremoving SOx and H2O from the combustion effluent so as to form the CO2 product stream from said combustion effluent. 21. The method of claim 20, wherein SOx and H2O are removed from the combustion effluent by: cooling the combustion effluent to condense out water and convert SO3 to sulfuric acid;maintaining said cooled combustion effluent at elevated pressure(s) in the presence of O2, water and NOx, for a sufficient time to convert SO2 to sulfuric acid and NOx to nitric acid; andseparating water, sulfuric acid and nitric acid from said cooled combustion effluent. 22. The method of claim 20, wherein the gaseous mixture comprises from about 10 to about 60 mole % CO2, from about 500 ppm to about 5 mole % H2S and from about 35 mole % to the remainder of H2 or, if CO is present, of a mixture of H2 and CO. 23. The method of claim 20, wherein the H2/CO product stream is at least about 90 mole % H2 or a mixture of H2 and CO, and contains less than about 50 ppm H2S. 24. The method of claim 20, wherein the CO2 enriched stream is at least about 70 mole % CO2. 25. The method of claim 20, wherein the CO2 enriched stream has a HHV below 3800 kJ/scm (100 Btu/scf), and the support fuel stream has a HHV above 4500 kJ/scm (120 Btu/scf). 26. The method of claim 20, wherein the oxidant stream or streams mixed with the support fuel stream and CO2 enriched stream to supply the O2 for combustion comprise greater than 21% oxygen. 27. The method of claim 20, wherein the oxidant stream or streams mixed with the support fuel stream and CO2 enriched stream to supply the O2 for combustion comprise at least 90% oxygen.
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