A method for stereo expansion includes a step to remove the effects of actual relative speaker to listener positioning and head shadow and a step to introduce an artificial effect based on a desired virtual relative speaker to listener positioning using the inter-aural delay and the head-shadow mode
A method for stereo expansion includes a step to remove the effects of actual relative speaker to listener positioning and head shadow and a step to introduce an artificial effect based on a desired virtual relative speaker to listener positioning using the inter-aural delay and the head-shadow models for the virtual speakers at desired angles relative to the listener thereby creating the impression of a widened and centered sound stage and an immersive listening experience. Known methods drown out vocals and add mid-range coloration thereby defeating equalization. The present method includes the integration of a novel binaural listening model and speaker-room equalization techniques to provide widening while not defeating equalization.
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1. A method for providing a stereo-widened sound in a stereo speaker setup comprising: (a) determining actual speaker angles alpha and beta relative to listener position wherein said speaker angles are computed using actual stereo speaker spacing and listener position;(b) determining actual inter-au
1. A method for providing a stereo-widened sound in a stereo speaker setup comprising: (a) determining actual speaker angles alpha and beta relative to listener position wherein said speaker angles are computed using actual stereo speaker spacing and listener position;(b) determining actual inter-aural delays between the speakers and the listener ears;(c) determining the actual headshadow responses associated with each ear relative to each of the speakers given the speaker angles;(d) determining an actual speaker to listener transfer function H using the actual inter-aural delays and the actual headshadow responses;(f) determining virtual speaker angles alpha' and beta' relative to listener position wherein said virtual speaker angles are computed using a virtual stereo speaker spacing and listener position;(g) determining virtual inter-aural delays between the virtual speakers and the listeners ears for virtual speaker angles alpha' and beta' relative to listener position;(h) determining virtual headshadow responses associated with each ear relative to each of the virtual speakers given the virtual speaker angles and;(i) determining a virtual speaker to listener transfer function Hdesired representing the transfer functions between the virtual speakers and the listener ears; and(j) computing two pairs of stereo expansion filters as a function of the actual speaker to listener transfer function H and the virtual speaker to listener transfer function Hdesired;and wherein the listener is centered on the actual speakers, and the method further including:(k) transforming the two pairs of filters to a single pair of filters RES(1,1) and RES(2,2) to transform a lattice form to a shuffler form;(l) variable octave complex smoothing the pair of filters RES(1,1) and RES(2,2) to obtain smoothed filters sRES(1,1) and sRES(2,2) to preserve audio quality and spatial widening; and(m) transforming the pair of filters sRES(1,1) and sRES(2,2) back into lattice form for performing spatialization and preserving the audio quality. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the actual speaker to listener transfer function H is a 2×2 matrix;the virtual speaker to listener transfer function Hdesired is a 2×2 matrix; andcomputing two pairs of stereo expansion filters from the products of terms of the actual speaker to listener transfer function H and the virtual speaker to listener transfer function Hdesired comprises selecting on-diagonal terms of H−1 Hdesired as a first pair of filters and selecting off-diagonal terms of H−1 Hdesired as a second pair of filters. 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the listener is centered on the speakers, and further including: using eigenvalue/eigenvector decomposition to transform the two pairs of filters to a single pair of filters RES(1,1) and RES(2,2) to transform a lattice form to a shuffler form;smoothing the pair of filters RES(1,1) and RES(2,2) to obtain smoothed filters sRES(1,1) and sRES(2,2) to preserve audio quality and spatial widening; andtransforming the pair of filters sRES(1,1) and sRES(2,2) back into lattice form for performing spatialization and preserving the audio quality. 4. The method of claim 2, wherein computing two pairs of stereo expansion filters from the products of terms of the actual speaker to listener transfer function H and the virtual speaker to listener transfer function Hdesired comprises selecting on-diagonal elements of H−1 Hdesired as a pair of ipsilateral filters and selecting off-diagonal elements of H−1 Hdesired as a pair of contralateral filters. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the virtual speakers comprise a left virtual speaker offset to the left of a left actual speaker and a right virtual speaker offset to the right of a right actual speaker to create a widened sound perception for the listener. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the virtual speakers comprise a left virtual speaker offset to the left and ahead of a left actual speaker and a right virtual speaker offset to the right and ahead of a right actual speaker to create a widened and arced sound perception for the listener. 7. The method of claim 1, further including computing a phantom gain to create a perception of a center speaker. 8. A method for providing a stereo-widened sound in a stereo speaker setup comprising: (a) determining actual speaker angles alpha and beta relative to listener position centered on the actual speakers wherein said speaker angles are computed using actual stereo speaker spacing and listener position;(b) determining actual inter-aural delays between the speakers and the listener ears;(c) determining the actual headshadow responses associated with each ear relative to each of the speakers given the speaker angles;(d) determining an actual speaker to listener 2×2matrix transfer function H using the actual inter-aural delays and the actual headshadow responses;(f) determining virtual speaker angles alpha' and beta' relative to listener position wherein said virtual speaker angles are computed using a virtual stereo speaker spacing and listener position;(g) determining virtual inter-aural delays between the virtual speakers and the listeners ears for virtual speaker angles alpha' and beta' relative to listener position;(h) determining virtual headshadow responses associated with each ear relative to each of the virtual speakers given the virtual speaker angles and;(i) determining a virtual speaker to listener 2×2matrix transfer function Hdesired representing the transfer functions between the virtual speakers and the listener ears;(j) selecting on-diagonal elements of H−1 Hdesired as a pair of ipsilateral filters and selecting off-diagonal elements of H−1 Hdesired as a pair of contralateral filters;(k) transforming the two pairs of ipsilateral filters and contralateral filters to a single pair of filters RES(1,1) and RES(2,2) to transform a lattice form to a shuffler form;(l) variable octave complex smoothing the pair of filters RES(1,1) and RES(2,2) to obtain smoothed filters sRES(1,1) and sRES(2,2) to preserve audio quality and spatial widening; and(m) transforming the pair of filters sRES(1,1) and sRES(2,2) back into lattice form for performing spatialization and preserving the audio quality. 9. A method for providing a stereo-widened sound in a stereo speaker setup comprising: (a) determining actual speaker angles alpha and beta relative to listener position wherein said speaker angles are computed using actual stereo speaker spacing and listener position;(b) determining actual inter-aural delays between the speakers and the listener ears;(c) determining the actual headshadow responses associated with each ear relative to each of the speakers given the speaker angles;(d) determining an actual speaker to listener transfer function H using the actual inter-aural delays and the actual headshadow responses;(f) determining virtual speaker angles alpha' and beta' relative to listener position wherein said virtual speaker angles are computed using a virtual stereo speaker spacing and listener position;(g) determining virtual inter-aural delays between the virtual speakers and the listeners ears for virtual speaker angles alpha' and beta' relative to listener position;(h) determining virtual headshadow responses associated with each ear relative to each of the virtual speakers given the virtual speaker angles and;(i) determining a virtual speaker to listener transfer function Hdesired representing the transfer functions between the virtual speakers and the listener ears; and(j) computing two pairs of stereo expansion filters as a function of the actual speaker to listener transfer function H and the virtual speaker to listener transfer function Hdesired;wherein the listener is centered on the speakers, and further including: using eigenvalue/eigenvector decomposition to transform the two pairs of filters to a single pair of filter RES(1,1) and RES(2,2) to transform a lattice form to a shuffler form;smoothing the pair of filters RES(1,1) and RES(2,2) to obtain smoothed filters sRES(1,1) and sRES(2,2) to preserve audio quality and spatial widening; andtransforming the pair of filters sRES(1,1) and sRES(2,2) back into lattice form for performing spatialization and preserving audio quality.
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