IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
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국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
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출원번호 |
US-0222089
(2008-08-01)
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등록번호 |
US-8256525
(2012-09-04)
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우선권정보 |
EP-07113644 (2007-08-01) |
발명자
/ 주소 |
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출원인 / 주소 |
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대리인 / 주소 |
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인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
1 인용 특허 :
7 |
초록
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The present invention relates to an inerting method for reducing a risk of fire outbreak in an enclosed space as well as a device therefor. A continuous inerting of the enclosed space to spatially-separated zones of the enclosed space is performed as necessary without needing structural separations.
The present invention relates to an inerting method for reducing a risk of fire outbreak in an enclosed space as well as a device therefor. A continuous inerting of the enclosed space to spatially-separated zones of the enclosed space is performed as necessary without needing structural separations. At least one inert gas having a gas density (ρGas) which differs from the mean gas density (ρGas) of the ambient atmosphere of the space is introduced into the enclosed space such that a gas stratification including a first gas layer (A) and a second gas layer (B) forms in the enclosed space, wherein the oxygen content in the first gas layer (A) corresponds substantially to the oxygen content of the ambient atmosphere, and wherein the oxygen content in the second gas layer (B) corresponds to a specific, definable oxygen content which is lower than the oxygen content of the ambient atmosphere.
대표청구항
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1. An inerting method for reducing a risk of fire outbreak in an enclosed space, wherein the method comprises: introducing into the enclosed space at least one inert gas or an inert gas mixture having a different gas density (ρGas) from a mean gas density (ρGas) of an ambient atmosphere of the enclo
1. An inerting method for reducing a risk of fire outbreak in an enclosed space, wherein the method comprises: introducing into the enclosed space at least one inert gas or an inert gas mixture having a different gas density (ρGas) from a mean gas density (ρGas) of an ambient atmosphere of the enclosed space such that a gas stratification comprised of a first gas layer (A), a second gas layer (B), and a transition layer (C) situated between said first and said second gas layer (A, B) forms in the enclosed space without any structural separation,wherein an oxygen content in the first gas layer (A) corresponds substantially to an oxygen content of the ambient atmosphere,wherein an oxygen content in the second gas layer (B) corresponds to a specific, definable oxygen content which is lower than the oxygen content of the ambient atmosphere,wherein a temperature of the first gas layer (A) and a temperature of the second gas layer (B) are measured, andwherein the gas stratification formed in the enclosed space is maintained by setting and maintaining a specific temperature difference between the temperature of the first gas layer (A) and the temperature of the second gas layer (B). 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the gas stratification formed in the enclosed space is maintained by the regulated feeding of the inert gas, or the inert gas mixture respectively, into the second gas layer (B) and by the appropriate extracting of gas from the second gas layer (B) and/or from the transition layer (C). 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the inert gas or inert gas mixture has a specific gas density (ρGas) which differs from the specific gas density (ρGas) of the ambient atmosphere at a same temperature. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein when introducing the inert gas or inert gas mixture, said inert gas or inert gas mixture has a temperature which differs from a mean temperature of the ambient atmosphere. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the oxygen content in the second gas layer (B) is measured continuously or at predefined times or upon predefined events, and wherein the oxygen content in the second gas layer (B) is maintained at an inertization level corresponding to the defined oxygen content by the regulated feeding of inert gas or an inert gas mixture as well as the regulated extracting of gas from the second gas layer (B) and/or from the transition layer (C). 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein prior to the gas stratification being formed in the enclosed space, the ambient atmosphere of the enclosed space is changed by the introduction of an inert gas or an inert gas mixture such that the oxygen content in the ambient atmosphere is lowered to a specific base inertization level which corresponds to a lower oxygen content compared to the normal air oxygen content. 7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the oxygen content in the first gas layer (A) is measured continuously or at predefined times or upon predefined events, and wherein the oxygen content in the first gas layer (A) is maintained at the base inertization level by the regulated feeding of inert gas or an inert gas mixture into the first gas layer (A) as well as the regulated extracting of gas from the first gas layer (A) and/or from the transition layer (C). 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein at least one fire characteristic is measured in the second gas layer (B) continuously or at predefined times or upon predefined events, and wherein in an event a fire is detected, the oxygen content in the second gas layer (B) is lowered to a full inertization level, which corresponds to a further reduced oxygen content compared to the defined inertization level, by the sudden introduction of inert gas or an inert gas mixture into said second gas layer (B). 9. The method according to claim 1, wherein at least one fire characteristic is measured in the first gas layer (A) continuously or at predefined times or upon predefined events, and wherein in an event a fire is detected, the oxygen content in the first gas layer (A) is lowered to an inertization level which corresponds to a reduced oxygen content compared to the oxygen content of the ambient atmosphere by the sudden introduction of inert gas or an inert gas mixture into said first gas layer (A). 10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first gas layer (A), the second gas layer (B), and the transition layer (C) each has a corresponding thickness and the respective layer thicknesses are adjustable. 11. An inerting method for reducing a risk of fire outbreak in an enclosed space, wherein the method comprises: introducing into the enclosed space at least one inert gas or an inert gas mixture having a different gas density (ρGas) from a mean gas density (ρGas) of an ambient atmosphere of the enclosed space such that a gas stratification comprised of a first gas layer (A), a second gas layer (B), and a transition layer (C) situated between said first and said second gas layer (A, B) forms in the enclosed space without any structural separation,wherein an oxygen content in the first gas layer (A) corresponds substantially to an oxygen content of the ambient atmosphere,wherein an oxygen content in the second gas layer (B) corresponds to a specific, definable oxygen content which is lower than the oxygen content of the ambient atmosphere, andwherein the inert gas or inert gas mixture has a specific gas density (ρGas) which differs from the specific gas density (ρGas) of the ambient atmosphere at a same temperature. 12. The method according to claim 11, wherein the gas stratification formed in the enclosed space is maintained by regulated feeding of the inert gas, or the inert gas mixture respectively, into the second gas layer (B) and by appropriate extracting of gas from the second gas layer (B) and/or from the transition layer (C). 13. The method according to claim 11, wherein a temperature of the first gas layer (A) and the temperature of the second gas layer (B) are measured, and wherein the gas stratification formed in the enclosed space is maintained by setting and maintaining a specific temperature difference between the temperature of the first gas layer (A) and the temperature of the second gas layer (B). 14. The method according to claim 11, wherein when introducing the inert gas or inert gas mixture, said inert gas or inert gas mixture has a temperature which differs from a mean temperature of the ambient atmosphere. 15. The method according to claim 11, wherein the oxygen content in the second gas layer (B) is measured continuously or at predefined times or upon predefined events, and wherein the oxygen content in the second gas layer (B) is maintained at an inertization level corresponding to the defined oxygen content by the regulated feeding of inert gas or an inert gas mixture as well as the regulated extracting of gas from the second gas layer (B) and/or from the transition layer (C). 16. The method according to claim 11, wherein prior to the gas stratification being formed in the enclosed space, the ambient atmosphere of the enclosed space is changed by the introduction of an inert gas or an inert gas mixture such that the oxygen content in the ambient atmosphere is lowered to a specific base inertization level which corresponds to a lower oxygen content compared to the normal air oxygen content. 17. The method according to claim 16, wherein the oxygen content in the first gas layer (A) is measured continuously or at predefined times or upon predefined events, and wherein the oxygen content in the first gas layer (A) is maintained at the base inertization level by the regulated feeding of inert gas or an inert gas mixture into the first gas layer (A) as well as the regulated extracting of gas from the first gas layer (A) and/or from the transition layer (C). 18. The method according to claim 11, wherein at least one fire characteristic is measured in the second gas layer (B) continuously or at predefined times or upon predefined events, and wherein in an event a fire is detected, the oxygen content in the second gas layer (B) is lowered to a full inertization level, which corresponds to a further reduced oxygen content compared to the defined inertization level, by the sudden introduction of inert gas or an inert gas mixture into said second gas layer (B). 19. The method according to claim 11, wherein at least one fire characteristic is measured in the first gas layer (A) continuously or at predefined times or upon predefined events, and wherein in an event a fire is detected, the oxygen content in the first gas layer (A) is lowered to an inertization level which corresponds to a reduced oxygen content compared to the oxygen content of the ambient atmosphere by the sudden introduction of inert gas or an inert gas mixture into said first gas layer (A). 20. The method according to claim 11, wherein the first gas layer (A), the second gas layer (B), and the transition layer (C) each has a corresponding thickness and the respective layer thicknesses are adjustable. 21. An inerting method for reducing the risk of the outbreak of fire in an enclosed space, wherein the method comprises: introducing into the enclosed space at least one inert gas or an inert gas mixture having a different gas density (ρGas) from a mean gas density (ρGas) of an ambient atmosphere of the enclosed space such that a gas stratification comprised of a first gas layer (A), a second gas layer (B), and a transition layer (C) situated between said first and said second gas layer (A, B) forms in the enclosed space without any structural separation,wherein an oxygen content in the first gas layer (A) corresponds substantially to an oxygen content of the ambient atmosphere,wherein an oxygen content in the second gas layer (B) corresponds to a specific, definable oxygen content which is lower than the oxygen content of the ambient atmosphere, andwherein when introducing the inert gas or inert gas mixture, said inert gas or inert gas mixture has a temperature which differs from a mean temperature of the ambient atmosphere. 22. The method according to claim 21, wherein the gas stratification formed in the enclosed space is maintained by the regulated feeding of the inert gas, or the inert gas mixture respectively, into the second gas layer (B) and by the appropriate extracting of gas from the second gas layer (B) and/or from the transition layer (C). 23. The method according to claim 21, wherein a temperature of the first gas layer (A) and the temperature of the second gas layer (B) are measured, and wherein the gas stratification formed in the enclosed space is maintained by setting and maintaining a specific temperature difference between the temperature of the first gas layer (A) and the temperature of the second gas layer (B). 24. The method according to claim 21, wherein the inert gas or inert gas mixture has a specific gas density (ρGas) which differs from the specific gas density (ρGas) of the ambient atmosphere at a same temperature. 25. The method according to claim 21, wherein the oxygen content in the second gas layer (B) is measured continuously or at predefined times or upon predefined events, and wherein the oxygen content in the second gas layer (B) is maintained at an inertization level corresponding to the defined oxygen content by the regulated feeding of inert gas or an inert gas mixture as well as the regulated extracting of gas from the second gas layer (B) and/or from the transition layer (C). 26. The method according to claim 21, wherein prior to the gas stratification being formed in the enclosed space, the ambient atmosphere of the enclosed space is changed by the introduction of an inert gas or an inert gas mixture such that the oxygen content in the ambient atmosphere is lowered to a specific base inertization level which corresponds to a lower oxygen content compared to the normal air oxygen content. 27. The method according to claim 26, wherein the oxygen content in the first gas layer (A) is measured continuously or at predefined times or upon predefined events, and wherein the oxygen content in the first gas layer (A) is maintained at the base inertization level by the regulated feeding of inert gas or an inert gas mixture into the first gas layer (A) as well as the regulated extracting of gas from the first gas layer (A) and/or from the transition layer (C). 28. The method according to claim 21, wherein at least one fire characteristic is measured in the second gas layer (B) continuously or at predefined times or upon predefined events, and wherein in an event a fire is detected, the oxygen content in the second gas layer (B) is lowered to a full inertization level, which corresponds to a further reduced oxygen content compared to the defined inertization level, by the sudden introduction of inert gas or an inert gas mixture into said second gas layer (B). 29. The method according to claim 21, wherein at least one fire characteristic is measured in the first gas layer (A) continuously or at predefined times or upon predefined events, and wherein in an event a fire is detected, the oxygen content in the first gas layer (A) is lowered to an inertization level which corresponds to a reduced oxygen content compared to the oxygen content of the ambient atmosphere by the sudden introduction of inert gas or an inert gas mixture into said first gas layer (A). 30. The method according to claim 21, wherein the first gas layer (A), the second gas layer (B), and the transition layer (C) each has a corresponding thickness and the respective layer thicknesses are adjustable. 31. An inerting method for reducing the risk of the outbreak of fire in an enclosed space, wherein the method comprises: introducing into the enclosed space at least one inert gas or an inert gas mixture having a different gas density (ρGas) from a mean gas density (ρGas) of an ambient atmosphere of the enclosed space such that a gas stratification comprised of a first gas layer (A), a second gas layer (B), and a transition layer (C) situated between said first and said second gas layer (A, B) forms in the enclosed space without any structural separation,wherein an oxygen content in the first gas layer (A) corresponds substantially to an oxygen content of the ambient atmosphere,wherein an oxygen content in the second gas layer (B) corresponds to a specific, definable oxygen content which is lower than the oxygen content of the ambient atmosphere, andwherein the gas stratification formed in the enclosed space is maintained by regulated feeding of the inert gas, or the inert gas mixture respectively, into the second gas layer (B) and by the appropriate extracting of gas from the transition layer (C). 32. The method according to claim 31, wherein a temperature of the first gas layer (A) and a temperature of the second gas layer (B) are measured, and wherein the gas stratification formed in the enclosed space is maintained by setting and maintaining a specific temperature difference between the temperature of the first gas layer (A) and the temperature of the second gas layer (B). 33. The method according to claim 31, wherein the inert gas or inert gas mixture has a specific gas density (ρGas) which differs from the specific gas density (ρGas) of the ambient atmosphere at a same temperature. 34. The method according to claim 31, wherein when introducing the inert gas or inert gas mixture, said inert gas or inert gas mixture has a temperature which differs from a mean temperature of the ambient atmosphere. 35. The method according to claim 31, wherein the oxygen content in the second gas layer (B) is measured continuously or at predefined times or upon predefined events, and wherein the oxygen content in the second gas layer (B) is maintained at an inertization level corresponding to the defined oxygen content by the regulated feeding of inert gas or an inert gas mixture as well as the regulated extracting of gas from the second gas layer (B) and/or from the transition layer (C). 36. The method according to claim 31, wherein prior to the gas stratification being formed in the enclosed space, the ambient atmosphere of the enclosed space is changed by the introduction of an inert gas or an inert gas mixture such that the oxygen content in the ambient atmosphere is lowered to a specific base inertization level which corresponds to a lower oxygen content compared to the normal air oxygen content. 37. The method according to claim 36, wherein the oxygen content in the first gas layer (A) is measured continuously or at predefined times or upon predefined events, and wherein the oxygen content in the first gas layer (A) is maintained at the base inertization level by the regulated feeding of inert gas or an inert gas mixture into the first gas layer (A) as well as the regulated extracting of gas from the first gas layer (A) and/or from the transition layer (C). 38. The method according to claim 31, wherein at least one fire characteristic is measured in the second gas layer (B) continuously or at predefined times or upon predefined events, and wherein in an event a fire is detected, the oxygen content in the second gas layer (B) is lowered to a full inertization level, which corresponds to a further reduced oxygen content compared to the defined inertization level, by the sudden introduction of inert gas or an inert gas mixture into said second gas layer (B). 39. The method according to claim 31, wherein at least one fire characteristic is measured in the first gas layer (A) continuously or at predefined times or upon predefined events, and wherein in an event a fire is detected, the oxygen content in the first gas layer (A) is lowered to an inertization level which corresponds to a reduced oxygen content compared to the oxygen content of the ambient atmosphere by the sudden introduction of inert gas or an inert gas mixture into said first gas layer (A). 40. The method according to claim 31, wherein the first gas layer (A), the second gas layer (B), and the transition layer (C) each has a corresponding thickness and the respective layer thicknesses are adjustable. 41. A device for reducing a risk of a fire in an enclosed space comprising: at least one inert gas source for supplying an inert gas or an inert gas mixture having a gas density (ρGas) which differs from a mean gas density (ρGas) of an ambient atmosphere of the enclosed space, anda supply and outlet nozzle system controllable by a control unit for introducing the inert gas or inert gas mixture supplied by the inert gas source into the enclosed space,wherein the supply and outlet nozzle system is designed such that a gas stratification consisting of a first gas layer (A), a second gas layer (B), and a transition layer (C) situated between said first and second gas layer (A, B), forms in the enclosed space without any structural separation,wherein the oxygen content in the first gas layer (A) corresponds substantially to an oxygen content of the ambient atmosphere and wherein the oxygen content in the second gas layer (B) corresponds to a specific, definable oxygen content which is lower than the oxygen content of the ambient atmosphere, andwherein the device further comprises a mechanism for regulating a temperature in the first gas layer (A) and/or a temperature in the second gas layer (B). 42. The device according to claim 41, wherein the outlet nozzle system comprises at least one vertically-displaceable outlet nozzle. 43. The device according to claim 41, further comprising a suction system controllable by a control unit in order to extract gas from the first gas layer (A) and/or the second gas layer (B) and/or the transition layer (C) in a regulated manner. 44. The device according to claim 43, wherein the suction system comprises at least one vertically-displaceable outlet nozzle.
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