IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
|
국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
|
출원번호 |
US-0420792
(2009-04-08)
|
등록번호 |
US-8257826
(2012-09-04)
|
발명자
/ 주소 |
- Zinn, Alfred A.
- Golightly, Justin S.
- Avakians, Loosineh
|
출원인 / 주소 |
- Lockheed Martin Corporation
|
대리인 / 주소 |
McDermott, Will & Emery LLP
|
인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
3 인용 특허 :
2 |
초록
▼
An example of a nanoballoon thermal protection system includes a refractory ceramic foam having carbide balloons. The foam has a closed cell structure not allowing liquid to penetrate through the foam. Each of the carbide balloons is hollow and has a diameter greater than 0 nm and less than 900 nm.
An example of a nanoballoon thermal protection system includes a refractory ceramic foam having carbide balloons. The foam has a closed cell structure not allowing liquid to penetrate through the foam. Each of the carbide balloons is hollow and has a diameter greater than 0 nm and less than 900 nm. Each of the carbide balloons includes a refractory carbide. In addition, a vehicle with thermal shield includes a surface and a first and second nanoballoon closed cell foam coatings. Each of the foam coatings has a melting point temperature greater than 1000° C. and a density less than 85%. Each of the foam coatings has hollow balloons having a diameter less than 900 nm. Each of the foam coatings includes a closed cell structure not allowing liquid to penetrate through the respective coating. Methods for manufacturing a nanoballoon system and a nanoballoon thermal protection system are also disclosed.
대표청구항
▼
1. A vehicle with thermal shield, comprising: a surface comprising a plurality of sections, the plurality of sections comprising a first section and a second section;a first nanoballoon closed cell foam coating fused to the first section, the first nanoballoon closed cell foam coating having a first
1. A vehicle with thermal shield, comprising: a surface comprising a plurality of sections, the plurality of sections comprising a first section and a second section;a first nanoballoon closed cell foam coating fused to the first section, the first nanoballoon closed cell foam coating having a first melting point temperature greater than 1000° C. and a first density greater than 0% and less than 85%, the first nanoballoon closed cell foam coating comprising a plurality of first balloons, each of the plurality of first balloons being hollow and having a diameter greater than 0 nm and less than 900 nm, the plurality of first balloons fused together, the first nanoballoon closed cell foam coating comprising a closed cell structure not allowing liquid to penetrate through the first nanoballoon closed cell foam coating; anda second nanoballoon closed cell foam coating fused to the second section, the second nanoballoon closed cell foam coating having a second melting point temperature less than the first melting point temperature and a second density greater than 0% and less than 85%, the second nanoballoon closed cell foam coating comprising a plurality of second balloons, each of the plurality of second balloons being hollow and having a diameter greater than 0 nm and less than 900 nm, the plurality of second balloons fused together, the second nanoballoon closed cell foam coating comprising a closed cell structure not allowing liquid to penetrate through the second nanoballoon closed cell foam coating. 2. The vehicle of claim 1, wherein each of the first and second nanoballoon closed cell foam coatings contains no matrix of bonding material. 3. The vehicle of claim 1, wherein each of the first and second nanoballoon closed cell foam coatings forms a section of an outer surface of the vehicle, and the first nanoballoon closed cell foam coating abuts the second nanoballoon closed cell foam coating. 4. The vehicle of claim 1, wherein the first nanoballoon closed cell foam coating comprises a first ceramic material and the second nanoballoon closed cell foam coating comprises a second ceramic material, each nanoballoon closed cell foam coating forming a deformable grade coating, allowing a seamless transition between the first and second ceramic materials. 5. The vehicle of claim 1, wherein the first nanoballoon closed cell foam coating is greater than 0″ thick and less than 0.5″ thick, and the second nanoballoon closed cell foam coating is greater than 0″ thick and less than 0.3″ thick. 6. The vehicle of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of first balloons comprises a material selected from the group consisting of a refractory metal, a refractory oxide, and a refractory carbide. 7. The vehicle of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of first balloons comprises a material selected from the group consisting of TaC, HfC, NbC, ZrC, TiC, and Ta4HfC5. 8. The vehicle of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of first balloons comprises a material selected from the group consisting of Sc2O3, Y2O3, La2O3, CaO, SrO, BaO, TiO2, ZrO2, HfO2, ThO2, Ta2O5, Cr2O3, Fe2O3, CoO, NiO, Al2O3, SiO2, and a lanthanide oxide. 9. The vehicle of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of first balloons has a diameter greater than 50 nm and less than 240 nm. 10. The vehicle of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of first balloons has a wall thickness between 5 nm and 20 nm. 11. The vehicle of claim 1, wherein the first density is less than 60%. 12. A nanoballoon thermal protection system, comprising: a refractory ceramic foam comprising a plurality of carbide balloons, the refractory ceramic foam having a closed cell structure not allowing liquid to penetrate through the refractory ceramic foam, each of the plurality of carbide balloons being hollow and having a diameter greater than 0 nm and less than 900 nm, each of the plurality of carbide balloons comprising a refractory carbide. 13. The nanoballoon thermal protection system of claim 12, wherein each of the plurality of carbide balloons comprises a material selected from the group consisting of TaC, HfC, NbC, ZrC, TiC, and Ta4HfC5. 14. The nanoballoon thermal protection system of claim 12, wherein the refractory ceramic foam coating further comprises a plurality of metal oxide balloons comprising a material selected from the group consisting of Sc2O3, Y2O3, La2O3, CaO, SrO, BaO, TiO2, ZrO2, HfO2, ThO2, Ta2O5, Cr2O3, Fe2O3, CoO, NiO, Al2O3, SiO2, and a lanthanide oxide. 15. The nanoballoon thermal protection system of claim 12, wherein each of the plurality of carbide balloons has a diameter greater than 50 nm and less than 240 nm. 16. The nanoballoon thermal protection system of claim 12, wherein each of the plurality of carbide balloons has a wall thickness between 5 nm and 20 nm. 17. The nanoballoon thermal protection system of claim 12, wherein each of the plurality of carbide balloons has a wall thickness greater than 0 nm and less than 12 nm. 18. The nanoballoon thermal protection system of claim 12, wherein a density of the refractory ceramic foam is less than 60%. 19. The nanoballoon thermal protection system of claim 12, wherein the refractory ceramic foam is greater than 0″ thick and less than 0.5″ thick. 20. The nanoballoon thermal protection system of claim 12, wherein a uniformity of diameters of all of the plurality of carbide balloons in the refractory ceramic foam is less than +/−5%. 21. A vehicle with thermal shield, comprising: a surface;a first nanoballoon closed cell foam coating fused to the surface, the first nanoballoon closed cell foam coating having a first melting point temperature greater than 1000° C. and a first density, the first nanoballoon closed cell foam coating comprising a plurality of first balloons, each of the plurality of first balloons being hollow and having a diameter greater than 0 nm and less than 900 nm, the plurality of first balloons fused together, the first nanoballoon closed cell foam coating comprising a closed cell structure not allowing liquid to penetrate through the first nanoballoon closed cell foam coating; anda second nanoballoon closed cell foam coating fused to the first nanoballoon closed cell foam coating, the second nanoballoon closed cell foam coating having a second melting point temperature and a second density, the second nanoballoon closed cell foam coating comprising a plurality of second balloons, each of the plurality of second balloons being hollow and having a diameter greater than 0 nm and less than 900 nm, the plurality of second balloons fused together, the second nanoballoon closed cell foam coating comprising a closed cell structure not allowing liquid to penetrate through the second nanoballoon closed cell foam coating, the second melting point temperature being higher than the first melting point temperature, and the second density being higher than the first density. 22. The vehicle of claim 21, wherein the first nanoballoon closed cell foam coating comprises a first ceramic material and the second nanoballoon closed cell foam coating comprises a second ceramic material, each nanoballoon closed cell foam coating forming a deformable grade coating, allowing a seamless transition between the first and second ceramic materials. 23. The vehicle of claim 21, wherein each of the plurality of first balloons comprises TiC, and each of the plurality of second balloons comprises TaC.
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