초록 ▼

A tangential turbine is adapted for receiving kinetic energy from a flowing fluid and comprises a supporting shroud, a rotating runner having a hub and a plurality of radial blades spaced apart on the hub, and a means for controlling the receiving. In first embodiment the controlling means comprises

A tangential turbine is adapted for receiving kinetic energy from a flowing fluid and comprises a supporting shroud, a rotating runner having a hub and a plurality of radial blades spaced apart on the hub, and a means for controlling the receiving. In first embodiment the controlling means comprises a plurality of springs each connected with its ends turningly about a connecting axis being between and within the hub and the blade and between limit stops to the hub and fixedly to the blade turnable about the axis to a non-working tangential position. In second embodiment the controlling means comprises the shroud shaped into a caisson and provided with turnable aprons and capable of accommodating the runner in the air and controlling the insertion of the blades into the flow below the shroud.

대표청구항 ▼

1. An apparatus for converting kinetic energy of a fluid flow in a fluid basin into any useable energy, the apparatus adapted to be submerged into the flow and maintained within a path of the flow to produce the useable energy and comprising: a runner means for receiving the kinetic energy, the runn

1. An apparatus for converting kinetic energy of a fluid flow in a fluid basin into any useable energy, the apparatus adapted to be submerged into the flow and maintained within a path of the flow to produce the useable energy and comprising: a runner means for receiving the kinetic energy, the runner means being rotatable about a central axis, the axis being in an intended operative position horizontal and across of a direction of the flow;a shroud means supporting and guiding the runner means for rotation about the axis runner and a means for controlling the receiving and transferring of the dynamic pressure;a means for maintaining the shroud means and the runner means in the position;a means for generating the useful energy;where the runner means comprising:a kinetic energy—transferrer hub member supported by the shroud means for rotation about the axis and adapted to support and guide components of the runner means for rotation about the axis and capable of being engaged with the generating means; anda plurality of kinetic energy—receiver blade members distributed around the hub member and extended along and between opposing edges of the hub member and connected to the hub member for pivoting about a connecting axis, the connecting axis being within the hub member and the blade member and parallel to the rotating axis, between working lower positions below of the turning axis and radial in relation to the connecting axis where the blade can receive the dynamic pressure of a lower oncoming flow in a direction remote from the rotating axis and transfer a rotating moment being risen about the axis to the hub member to cause the runner means to rotate with the blade member in the direction, and non-working upper positions above the rotating axis and tangential in relation to the connecting axis, wherein the runner means further comprises a drive means for effecting movement of each of the blade members about the corresponding connecting axis in the finishing radial position in a direction opposite to the direction of the oncoming flow to effect prolongation of applying by the blade member the moment to the hub member. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the drive means comprises a plurality of spring members, where each of the spring members that is engaged: at its first end to the hub member with the ability to be pivoted freely by the blade member about the connecting axis through an intended acute angle between a pair of controlling limit stops while the blade member being pivoted by the pressure of the oncoming lower flow in the direction about the connecting axis from the tangential position into the starting radial position; andat its second end to the blade member with the ability of alternately being deformed by the blade member while the blade member being further pivoted about the connecting axis by the flow pressure in the direction of the flow from e the starting position into the finishing radial position and urging the blade member in the finishing position to pivot about the connecting axis in the opposite direction against the flow so to prolong the applying of turning moment to the hub member. 3. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein each of the spring members that is shaped into an axially, in relation to the connecting axis, extending torsion rod member. 4. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the angle must be equal to about 40°-50°. 5. An apparatus for converting kinetic energy of a fluid flow in a fluid basin into any useable energy, the apparatus comprising: a runner means for receiving kinetic energy from the flow, the runner means being rotatable about its central axis, the central rotating axis being generally horizontal and disposed across of a direction of the flow, and having an axial hub member and a plurality of receiver blade members supported radially, in relation to the axis, by the hub member,a shroud means having a roof, side walls, a front wall for facing the oncoming flow and a rear wall, relative to the direction, to form a room for accommodation of the runner means, the room has an interior for permitting the runner means to rotate about the axis, and an open bottom permitting the blade members to come downward through the open bottom out of the interior;means for maintaining the shroud means and the runner means in working positions in the flow; wherethe roof extending at above and along the length and the width of the runner means;the front wall located at ahead, in relation to the direction, of the runner means for facing the oncoming flow, having a lower edge generally being parallel to the axis, and being capable of forming a lower fluid jet of the flow that oncoming at under of the edge in the direction to urge the blade members coming in turn toward below of the edge to be rotated and rotate the hub member about the axis;the rear wall located at behind of the runner means and having a lower edge generally being parallel to the axis and capable of approaching to the jet discharging from and rearwardly of the runner means;where the edges of the front and rear walls that being on a horizontal plane containing an upper portion of the lowermost blade member,the side walls located at aside of side ends of the runner means and having lower edges generally being on a horizontal plane containing a lower edge of the lowermost blade member;where an upper portion of the lowermost blade member being on a horizontal plane containing the lower edges of the front and rear walls;thereby the blade members are capable to be rotated about the axis between the lower working positions located below the room and upper non-working positions located within the room. 6. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the apparatus further comprises a source means of compressed gas, a compressed gas injection pipe extending from the gas source means into an upper portion of the room interior and valve means for controlling movement of the gas out of the room, so that movement of the gas into and out of the room that is urging the fluid to move through the opening in intended vertical directions and displace the surface of the fluid located in the room in the vertical directions relatively to the axis and thereby capable of controlling the rotation. 7. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the shroud means comprises a room-closing front apron member and a rear apron member correspondingly located below of the front and rear walls, supported by the walls for pivoting about front and rear connecting axes, the connecting axes being within the edges of the walls and upper edges of the apron members and parallel to the rotating axis, having first and second opposing side end edges, the side end edges being in a close relationship to respective inside faces of the side walls and downward oriented facial portions extending between the apron edges, and being capable of floating on the jet surface, pivoting about the connecting axes between horizontal positions oriented into the room and downward oriented vertical positions, and preventing the gas from outflow out of the room through the opening into outside. 8. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein each of the apron members that comprises a sealing packing means located outside on the ends of the apron member, engaging on the inside faces of the side walls and capable of closing-off the interior of the room in relation to its exterior and preventing the outflow of the gas out of the room into outside. 9. A method of controlling a conversion of kinetic energy of a fluid flow in a fluid basin into any useable energy, the method utilizing an operating anchor means, a rotatable runner means having blade members and a hub member, a shroud room means having a roof, front wall, rear wall and side walls and a lower end opening downward at the lower portion of the hub member, an anchor means for supporting and guiding the room means in the flow, a means for supporting and guiding the rotatable runner means in the room means, a means for converting a kinetic energy of the runner means into an useful energy, and a means engaging the converting means with the hub member; the method comprising the steps of: submerging the room shroud means with the downward oriented end opening into the fluid flow and supporting and guiding by the anchor means;accommodating, supporting and guiding the runner means in a working position within the room shroud means, and inserting the lower blade members through the opening into a lower flowing jet of the oncoming flow;engaging the hub member with the converting means. 10. The method according to claim 9 and further utilizing a source means of compressed gas and a compressed gas injection pipe and further comprising the step of: inserting the injection pipe into the room to jet the compressed gas into the room, thereby forcing the liquid fluid through the opening downward out of the room and lowering a surface of the fluid in the room up to the lower edge of the room for receiving a maximal kinetic energy of the fluid jet. 11. The method according to claim 9 and further utilizing an exhausting valve means and further comprising the step of: inserting the exhausting valve means into an upper portion of the room roof to let the compressed air out of the room, thereby filling the room with the liquid fluid through the opening and rising the surface of the liquid fluid in the room to the predetermined position to brake the rotation of the runner means.