IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
|
국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
|
출원번호 |
US-0859546
(2010-08-19)
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등록번호 |
US-8414690
(2013-04-09)
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발명자
/ 주소 |
- Hansen, Jaron C.
- Hansen, Lee D.
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출원인 / 주소 |
- Bringham Young University
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대리인 / 주소 |
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인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
0 인용 특허 :
11 |
초록
▼
Heat-exchangers and biogas conditioners including a heat exchange member disposed between upper and lower flanges of the apparatus in which at least the heat exchange member is formed of a highly thermally conductive material (e.g., at least 50 W/m−K) such as aluminum or aluminum alloy. A bed of zeo
Heat-exchangers and biogas conditioners including a heat exchange member disposed between upper and lower flanges of the apparatus in which at least the heat exchange member is formed of a highly thermally conductive material (e.g., at least 50 W/m−K) such as aluminum or aluminum alloy. A bed of zeolite is loaded within the apparatus so as to be in contact with the heat exchange member. The heat exchange member is shaped and configured so that any given location of the zeolite bed is no more than about 3 inches from the heat exchange member comprising the highly thermally conductive material.
대표청구항
▼
1. An apparatus for conditioning a biogas stream including biogas and impurities by removing impurities from the biogas stream, the apparatus comprising: an upper manifold;a lower manifold;an inlet through which a biogas stream containing impurities may be introduced into the apparatus;an outlet thr
1. An apparatus for conditioning a biogas stream including biogas and impurities by removing impurities from the biogas stream, the apparatus comprising: an upper manifold;a lower manifold;an inlet through which a biogas stream containing impurities may be introduced into the apparatus;an outlet through which a conditioned biogas stream from which impurities have been removed may be removed from the apparatus;at least one heat exchange member disposed between the upper and lower manifolds, the heat exchange member comprising a thermally conductive material so as to draw heat away from and/or transfer heat into a zeolite bed or other contents in heat transferring contact with the heat exchange member; anda bed comprising zeolite that selectively absorbs impurities from the biogas stream while providing substantially no absorption of the biogas, the zeolite bed being in heat exchanging contact with the heat exchange member, wherein the heat exchange member comprises a thermally conductive material so as to draw heat away from the zeolite bed as the biogas stream containing impurities is introduced through the inlet into the apparatus so as to contact the zeolite bed such that the zeolite adsorbs at least some of the impurities within the biogas stream while absorbing substantially none of the biogas within the biogas stream;wherein the at least one heat exchange member is configured so that any given location within the bed is no more than 3 inches from the heat exchange member. 2. An apparatus for conditioning biogas as recited in claim 1, further comprising an outer housing comprising an upper rim and a lower rim; wherein the at least one heat exchange member is disposed within the outer housing between the upper rim and the lower rim;wherein the zeolite bed is disposed within the outer housing;wherein the inlet is disposed through the outer housing or one of the manifolds so as to allow introduction of a biogas stream containing impurities into the outer housing; andwherein the outlet is disposed through the outer housing or one of the manifolds so as to allow removal of a conditioned biogas stream from the outer housing. 3. An apparatus for conditioning biogas as recited in claim 2, wherein the heat exchange member comprises a helical fin. 4. An apparatus for conditioning biogas as recited in claim 3, wherein the helical fin is configured so that any given location within the outer housing is no more than 3 inches from the helical fin. 5. An apparatus for conditioning biogas as recited in claim 4, further comprising a heating element thermally coupled to the outer housing, and wherein the helical fin is thermally coupled to the outer housing such that heating of the heating element transfers heat to the outer housing, which transfers heat to the helical fin. 6. An apparatus for conditioning biogas as recited in claim 2, wherein the outer housing comprises an outer tube and the heat exchange member comprises an inner tube that is concentric with the outer tube, the space between the inner tube and the outer tube being no more than 3 inches. 7. An apparatus for conditioning biogas as recited in claim 2, wherein the at least one heat exchange member comprises an inner hollow tube disposed within the outer housing, the inner hollow tube being configured in a helical configuration within the outer housing, the inner hollow tube having a diameter no more than 3 inches. 8. An apparatus for conditioning biogas as recited in claim 1, wherein the at least one heat exchange member comprises a plurality of tubes, each tube extending longitudinally between the upper and lower manifolds, the thickness of each tube being no more than 3 inches, wherein the bed of zeolite is disposed within each tube. 9. An apparatus for conditioning biogas as recited in claim 1, wherein the heat exchange member is configured so that any given location within the packed bed is no more than 1.5 inches from the heat exchange member. 10. An apparatus for conditioning biogas as recited in claim 1, wherein the heat exchange member comprises aluminum. 11. An apparatus for conditioning a biogas stream including biogas and impurities by removing impurities from the biogas stream, the apparatus comprising: an outer housing, comprising an upper rim and a lower rim;an inlet through which the biogas stream may be introduced into the outer housing;at least one heat exchange member disposed within the outer housing and extending between the upper rim and the lower rim;an outlet through which a conditioned biogas stream from which impurities have been removed may be removed from the outer housing;a bed comprising zeolite that selectively absorbs the impurities from the biogas stream without absorbing substantially any of the biogas, the zeolite bed being disposed within the outer housing and in heat exchanging contact with the heat exchange member, wherein the heat exchange member comprises a thermally conductive material so as to draw heat away from the zeolite bed as the biogas stream containing impurities is introduced into the outer housing and the zeolite adsorbs at least some of the impurities within the biogas stream without any substantial absorption of the biogas of the biogas stream;wherein the at least one heat exchange member is configured so that any given location within the zeolite bed is no more than 3 inches from the heat exchange member. 12. A method for conditioning biogas, comprising: providing at least first and second biogas conditioners, each biogas conditioner being as recited in claim 1;introducing a biogas stream containing impurities into the first biogas conditioner so as to condition the biogas and provide a conditioned biogas stream from which at least some of the impurities have been removed, the biogas stream containing impurities being introduced into the first biogas conditioner until such time as the bed comprising zeolite within the first biogas conditioner is to be regenerated; anddiverting the biogas stream containing impurities so that it is introduced into the second biogas conditioner rather than the first biogas conditioner such that the biogas is conditioned within the second biogas conditioner while the bed comprising zeolite of the first biogas conditioner is simultaneously regenerated. 13. A method for conditioning biogas as recited in claim 12, wherein the heat exchange member is configured so that any given location within the bed comprising zeolite is no more than 1.5 inches from the heat exchange member. 14. A method for conditioning biogas as recited in claim 13, wherein the heat exchange member comprises aluminum. 15. A method as recited in claim 12, wherein the biogas stream comprises a biogas stream generated from at least one source selected from the group consisting of a confined animal operation, municipal waste, municipal waste water, and a sour natural gas well. 16. A method for conditioning biogas as recited in claim 12, wherein regeneration of the zeolite bed of the first biogas conditioner is achieved by heating the heat exchange member, which transfers heat to the zeolite bed such that impurities adsorbed by the zeolite of the zeolite bed of the first biogas conditioner are released. 17. A method for conditioning biogas as recited in claim 16, wherein each biogas conditioner further comprises a heating element thermally coupled to the heat exchange member, and wherein heating of the heat exchange member is achieved by heating the heating element. 18. A heat-exchanger comprising: an outer housing including an outer wall and extending between an upper rim to a lower rim;a helical fin heat exchange-member disposed within the outer housing helixing downward about a longitudinal axis of the outer housing, the fin providing a ramp, a planar projection of which, covers substantially an entire cross-sectional area of the outer housing as the fin ramps downward from a top location near the upper rim of the outer housing to a bottom location near the lower rim, the helical fin heat exchange-member extending substantially continuously from at or near the longitudinal axis laterally outward to at or near the outer wall, the helical fin heat exchange-member extending longitudinally from at or near the upper rim to at or near the lower rim of the outer housing;wherein the helical fin heat exchange-member comprises a thermally conductive material so as to draw heat away from and/or transfer heat into a zeolite bed or other contents contained within the outer housing and in heat transferring contact with the helical fin heat exchange-member. 19. A heat-exchanger as recited in claim 18, wherein the helical fin heat exchange-member is configured so that any given location within the outer housing is no more than 3 inches from the helical fin heat exchange-member. 20. A heat-exchanger as recited in claim 19, wherein the helical fin heat exchange member comprises aluminum.
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