IPC분류정보
| 국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
|
| 국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
|
| 출원번호 |
US-0452445
(2006-06-13)
|
| 등록번호 |
US-8415054
(2013-04-09)
|
|
발명자
/ 주소 |
- Skotheim, Terje A.
- Sheehan, Christopher J.
- Mikhaylik, Yuriy V.
- Affinito, John
|
| 출원인 / 주소 |
|
| 대리인 / 주소 |
Wolf, Greenfield & Sacks, P.C.
|
| 인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
27 인용 특허 :
60 |
초록
▼
Provided is an anode for use in electrochemical cells, wherein the anode active layer has a first layer comprising lithium metal and a multi-layer structure comprising single ion conducting layers and polymer layers in contact with the first layer comprising lithium metal or in contact with an inter
Provided is an anode for use in electrochemical cells, wherein the anode active layer has a first layer comprising lithium metal and a multi-layer structure comprising single ion conducting layers and polymer layers in contact with the first layer comprising lithium metal or in contact with an intermediate protective layer, such as a temporary protective metal layer, on the surface of the lithium-containing first layer. Another aspect of the invention provides an anode active layer formed by the in-situ deposition of lithium vapor and a reactive gas. The anodes of the current invention are particularly useful in electrochemical cells comprising sulfur-containing cathode active materials, such as elemental sulfur.
대표청구항
▼
1. An electrode for use in an electrochemical cell, comprising: a base electrode material comprising lithium;more than one lithiated single-ion conductive material layers that selectively or exclusively allow passage of lithium ions;more than one polymer layers, wherein the polymer layers are inters
1. An electrode for use in an electrochemical cell, comprising: a base electrode material comprising lithium;more than one lithiated single-ion conductive material layers that selectively or exclusively allow passage of lithium ions;more than one polymer layers, wherein the polymer layers are interspersed between the single-ion conductive material layers; anda temporary protective metal layer or a plasma treatment layer between the base electrode material and at least one of the polymer layers. 2. An electrode as in claim 1, wherein at least one of the single-ion conductive material layers is a metal layer. 3. An electrode as in claim 1, wherein at least one of the single-ion conductive material layers has a thickness of no greater than 5 microns. 4. An electrode as in claim 1, wherein at least one of the polymer layers has a thickness of no greater than 5 microns. 5. An electrode as in claim 1, wherein the temporary protective metal layer has a thickness of no greater than 200 nanometers. 6. An electrode as in claim 1, wherein the multi-layer structure further comprises a metal alloy layer formed between a conductive single-ion conducting layer and a polymer layer. 7. An electrode as in claim 6, wherein the metal alloy layer comprises a metal selected from the group consisting of Zn, Mg, Sn, and Al. 8. An electrode as in claim 1 comprising more than one metal layers. 9. An electrode as in claim 1, wherein the thickness of at least one of the single-ion conductive material layers is no greater than 5 microns, and the thickness of at least one of the polymer layers is no greater than 5 microns. 10. An electrode as in claim 1, wherein at least one of the single-ion conductive material layers is non-electronically conducting. 11. An electrode as in claim 1, comprising a temporary protective metal layer between the base electrode material and a polymer layer. 12. An electrode as in claim 1, comprising a plasma treatment layer between the base electrode material and a polymer layer. 13. An electrochemical cell comprising: (a) a cathode comprising an electroactive sulfur-containing material;(b) an anode; and(c) an electrolyte interposed between said anode and said cathode, wherein said anode comprises: (i) a first anode active layer comprising lithium metal; and(ii) a multi-layer structure in contact with a surface layer of said first anode active layer, wherein said multi-layer structure comprises more than one lithiated single-ion conducting layers that selectively or exclusively allow passage of lithium ions and more than one polymer layers, wherein the polymer layers are interspersed between the single-ion conductive material layers,wherein said first anode active layer further comprises an intermediate layer selected from the group consisting of temporary protective metal layers and plasma treatment layers, wherein said intermediate layer is interposed between said first anode active layer and said multi-layer structure. 14. An electrochemical cell of claim 13, wherein the multi-layer structure comprises five or more layers. 15. An electrochemical cell of claim 13, wherein the multi-layer structure further comprises a metal alloy layer formed between a conductive single-ion conducting layer and a polymer layer. 16. An electrochemical cell of claim 15, wherein the metal alloy layer comprises a metal selected from the group consisting of Zn, Mg, Sn, and Al. 17. An electrochemical cell of claim 13, wherein the intermediate layer is a plasma treatment layer. 18. An electrochemical cell of claim 13, wherein the intermediate layer is a temporary protective metal layer. 19. An electrochemical cell of claim 18, wherein the temporary protective metal layer comprises a metal selected from the group consisting of copper, magnesium, aluminum, silver, gold, lead, cadmium, bismuth, indium, gallium, germanium, zinc, tin, and platinum. 20. An electrochemical cell of claim 18, wherein the temporary protective metal layer has a thickness of no greater than 200 nanometers. 21. An electrochemical cell of claim 13, wherein at least one of the single-ion conducting layers is non-electronically conducting. 22. An electrochemical cell comprising: (a) a cathode comprising an electroactive sulfur-containing material;(b) an anode; and(c) an electrolyte interposed between said anode and said cathode, wherein said anode comprises: (i) a first anode active layer comprising an alkali or alkali earth metal; and(ii) a multi-layer structure in contact with a surface layer of said first anode active layer, wherein said multi-layer structure comprises more than one alkali or alkali earth metal-containing single-ion conducting layers that selectively or exclusively allow passage of alkali or alkali earth metal ions and more than one polymer layers, wherein the polymer layers are interspersed between the alkali or alkali earth metal-containing single-ion conducting layers,wherein said first anode active layer further comprises an intermediate layer selected from the group consisting of temporary protective metal layers and plasma treatment layers, wherein said intermediate layer is interposed between said first anode active layer and said multi-layer structure. 23. An electrochemical cell of claim 22, wherein at least one of the alkali or alkali earth metal-containing single-ion conducting layers is non-electronically conducting. 24. An electrochemical cell of claim 22, wherein the intermediate layer is a plasma treatment layer. 25. An electrochemical cell of claim 22, wherein the intermediate layer is a temporary protective metal layer. 26. An electrochemical cell of claim 22, wherein the multi-layer structure comprises five or more layers. 27. An electrode for use in an electrochemical cell, comprising: a base electrode material comprising lithium;more than one lithiated ionically conductive metal layers that selectively or exclusively allow passage of lithium ions;more than one polymer layers, wherein the polymer layers are interspersed between the lithiated ionically conductive metal layers; anda temporary protective metal layer or a plasma treatment layer between the base electrode material and at least one of the polymer layers. 28. An electrode as in claim 27, comprising a temporary protective metal layer between the base electrode material and at least one of the polymer layers. 29. An electrode as in claim 27, comprising a plasma treatment layer between the base electrode material and at least one of the polymer layers. 30. An electrode as in claim 27, wherein the lithiated ionically conductive metal layer comprises a metal selected from the group consisting of Zn, Mg, Sn, and Al. 31. An electrochemical cell comprising: (a) a cathode comprising an electroactive sulfur-containing material;(b) an anode; and(c) an electrolyte interposed between said anode and said cathode, wherein said anode comprises: (i) a first anode active layer comprising lithium metal; and(ii) a multi-layer structure in contact with a surface layer of said first anode active layer, wherein said multi-layer structure comprises more than one lithiated non-electronically conducting single-ion conducting layers and more than one polymer layers, wherein the polymer layers are interspersed between the lithiated non-electronically conducting single-ion conducting layers. 32. An electrode of claim 1, wherein at least one of the lithiated single-ion conductive layers is a lithiated ceramic layer. 33. An electrochemical cell of claim 31, wherein at least one of the lithiated single-ion conductive layers is a lithiated metallic layer. 34. An electrode of claim 1, wherein at least one of the lithiated single-ion conductive layers comprises lithium oxide. 35. An electrochemical cell of claim 31, wherein at least one of the lithiated single-ion conductive layers comprises lithium oxide. 36. An electrode of claim 1, wherein at least one of the polymer layers comprises an acrylate. 37. An electrochemical cell of claim 31, wherein at least one of the single-ion conductive material layers has a thickness of no greater than 5 microns. 38. An electrochemical cell of claim 31, wherein at least one of the polymer layers has a thickness of no greater than 5 microns. 39. An electrochemical cell of claim 31, wherein the multi-layer structure further comprises a metal alloy layer formed between a single-ion conducting layer and a polymer layer. 40. An electrochemical cell of claim 39, wherein the metal alloy layer comprises a metal selected from the group consisting of Zn, Mg, Sn, and Al. 41. An electrochemical cell of claim 31, wherein the multi-layer structure comprises five or more layers. 42. An electrochemical cell of claim 31, comprising an intermediate layer interposed between the first anode active layer and the multi-layer structure, wherein the intermediate layer is a plasma treatment layer. 43. An electrochemical cell of claim 31, comprising an intermediate layer interposed between the first anode active layer and the multi-layer structure, wherein the intermediate layer is a temporary protective metal layer. 44. An electrochemical cell of claim 43, wherein the temporary protective metal layer comprises a metal selected from the group consisting of copper, magnesium, aluminum, silver, gold, lead, cadmium, bismuth, indium, gallium, germanium, zinc, tin, and platinum. 45. An electrochemical cell of claim 43, wherein the temporary protective metal layer has a thickness of no greater than 200 nanometers. 46. An electrochemical cell of claim 31, wherein at least one of the single-ion conductive layers is a lithiated ceramic layer. 47. An electrochemical cell of claim 31, wherein at least one of the single-ion conductive layers is a lithiated metallic layer. 48. An electrochemical cell of claim 31, wherein at least one of the polymer layers comprises an acrylate.
※ AI-Helper는 부적절한 답변을 할 수 있습니다.