Method and apparatus for anaerobic digestion of organic liquid waste streams
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
C02F-003/28
C02F-011/04
출원번호
US-0516104
(2006-11-27)
등록번호
US-8470177
(2013-06-25)
국제출원번호
PCT/US2006/061252
(2006-11-27)
§371/§102 date
20100224
(20100224)
국제공개번호
WO2008/066546
(2008-06-05)
발명자
/ 주소
Dvorak, Stephen W.
출원인 / 주소
DVO Licensing, Inc.
대리인 / 주소
Whyte Hirschboeck Dudek S.C.
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
4인용 특허 :
59
초록▼
A system and method for treating high-strength organic liquid waste. Generally, the method includes feeding influent high-strength organic liquid waste including organic molecules to an anaerobic digester, converting at least a portion of the organic molecules in the liquid waste to acids using acid
A system and method for treating high-strength organic liquid waste. Generally, the method includes feeding influent high-strength organic liquid waste including organic molecules to an anaerobic digester, converting at least a portion of the organic molecules in the liquid waste to acids using acid forming bacteria, converting at least a portion of the acids in the liquid waste to methane using methanogenic bacteria, separating the liquid waste after treatment with the methanogenic bacteria into alkaline sludge and effluent, and using the alkaline sludge to adjust the pH of the liquid waste in the anaerobic digester. In the case of acidic high-strength organic liquid wastes, a portion of the acids produced by the acid forming bacteria may be recirculated to the front of the anaerobic digester and combined with influent high-strength organic liquid waste.
대표청구항▼
1. A system for treating liquid waste comprising: an acid forming chamber that at least partially converts carbon molecules in the liquid waste to acids, wherein the liquid waste is acidic high-strength organic liquid wastes, neutral high-strength organic liquid wastes, or a combination thereof;a pl
1. A system for treating liquid waste comprising: an acid forming chamber that at least partially converts carbon molecules in the liquid waste to acids, wherein the liquid waste is acidic high-strength organic liquid wastes, neutral high-strength organic liquid wastes, or a combination thereof;a plug-flow methanic chamber downstream from the acid forming chamber that at least partially converts the acids in the liquid waste to methane;a solid-liquid separator downstream from the methanic chamber, the separator separating a portion of the liquid waste into alkaline sludge and effluent;and a first flow path that recycles alkaline sludge to at least one of the acid forming chamber, the methanic chamber, and combination thereof. 2. The system of claim 1, further comprising a pH monitoring station upstream of the acid forming chamber that adjusts the pH of the liquid waste before it enters the acid forming chamber. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the acid forming chamber contains acid forming bacteria selected from at least one of Clostridia, Fibrobacter succinogenes, Ruminococcus albus, Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, Selenomonas ruminatium, Streptococcuslovis, Eubacterium ruminatium, external enzymes, and combinations thereof. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein the methanic chamber contains methanogenic bacteria selected from at least one of Methanothrix, Methanosarcina, Methanospirillum, Methanobacterium, Methanococcus, Methanobrevibacter, Methanomicrobiummobile, Methanosaeta, Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum, Methanobacterium formicicum, Methanobacterium thermoalcaliphilum, Methanococcus thermolithotrophicus, Methanosarcina thermophila, Methanosaela thermoacetophila, and combinations thereof. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the plug-flow methanic chamber may comprise a first leg having one end adjacent to the acid forming chamber and a second leg parallel to the first leg, wherein the first leg and the second leg are partially separated by a wall and the liquid waste in the first leg travels in a direction opposite to that of liquid waste in the second leg. 6. The system of claim 5, wherein the second leg is horizontally beside the first leg. 7. The system of claim 5, further comprising a heating device positioned in at least a portion of one of the first leg and the second leg to heat the liquid waste that comes in contact with the heating device to cause thermal mixing of the liquid waste. 8. The system of claim 5, further including a conduit having gas outlets in at least a portion of the first leg and the second leg to emit gas into the liquid waste to cause mixing of the waste. 9. The system of claim 1, wherein the liquid waste follows a corkscrew-like flow path through the methanic chamber. 10. The system of claim 1, further comprising a pH probe located in one of the acid forming chamber, the methanic chamber, or combination thereof; and a recirculation pump that is activated by the pH probe to recycle alkaline sludge to one of the acid forming chamber, the methanic chamber, or combination thereof. 11. The system of claim 1, wherein the methanic chamber further comprises one or more walls and a partition positioned relative thereto such that a space is created therebetween, and a heating device position within the space for heating the liquid waste. 12. The system of claim 1, wherein the system is anaerobic. 13. The system of claim 1, wherein the system is defined by a relatively circular outer wall. 14. The system of claim 1, wherein the first flow path recycles alkaline sludge to the methanic chamber. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein a second flow path for recycling liquid waste from a downstream end of the acid forming chamber to an upstream end of the acid forming chamber. 16. A method for treating liquid waste comprising: converting carbon molecules within the liquid waste to acids in an acid forming chamber containing acid forming bacteria, wherein the liquid waste is acidic high-strength organic liquid wastes, neutral high-strength organic liquid wastes, or a combination thereof;converting the acids in the liquid waste from the acid forming chamber into methane in a methanic chamber containing methanogenic bacteria;separating the liquid waste from the methanic chamber into alkaline sludge and effluent; andrecycling at least a portion of the alkaline sludge to one of the acid forming chamber, methanic chamber, or combination thereof. 17. The method of claim 16, further comprising feeding liquid waste into the acid forming chamber, the liquid waste having a pH less than about 5.0 and a solids content greater than about 5%. 18. The method of claim 16, further comprising adjusting the pH of the liquid waste to about 6.0 to about 7.0 before feeding the liquid waste into the acid forming chamber. 19. The method of claim 16, wherein the acid forming chamber contains acid forming bacteria selected from at least one of Clostridia, Fibrobacter succinogenes, Ruminococcus albus, Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, Selenomonas ruminatium, Streptococcuslovis, Eubacterium ruminatium, external enzymes, and combinations thereof. 20. The method of claim 16, wherein the alkaline sludge is used to maintain the liquid waste within the acid forming chamber at a pH of about 6.0 to about 7.0. 21. The method of claim 16, wherein the liquid waste within the acid forming chamber is maintained at a temperature of about 97° F. to about 103° F. 22. The method of claim 16, wherein the liquid waste within the acid forming chamber is maintained at a temperature of about 132° F. to about 138° F. 23. The method of claim 16, wherein the methanic chamber contains methanogenic bacteria selected from at least one of Methanothrix, Methanosarcina, Methanospirillum, Methanobacterium, Methanococcus, Methanobrevibacter, Methanomicrobiummobile, Methanosaeta, Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum, Methanobacterium formicicum, Methanobacterium thermoalcaliphilum, Methanococcus thermolithotrophicus, Methanosarcina thermophila, Methanosaela thermoacetophila and combinations thereof. 24. The method of claim 16, wherein the alkaline sludge is used to maintain the liquid waste within the methanic chamber at a pH of about 6.5 to about 8.0. 25. The method of claim 16, wherein the liquid waste within the methanic chamber is maintained at a temperature of about 98° F. to about 102° F. 26. The method of claim 16, wherein the liquid waste within the methanic chamber is maintained at a temperature of about 132° F. to about 136° F. 27. The method of claim 16, wherein the liquid waste follows a corkscrew-like flow path through the methanic chamber. 28. The method of claim 27, wherein a partition positioned relative to a wall of the methanic chamber facilitates the corkscrew-like flowpath. 29. The method of claim 16, wherein the converting steps in the acid forming chamber and the methanic chamber are done under anaerobic conditions. 30. The method of claim 16, wherein the liquid waste plug-flows through the methanic chamber. 31. The method of claim 16, wherein the recycling step adjusts the pH of the liquid waste during the converting steps using acid forming and methanogenic bacteria. 32. A closed anaerobic digester for digesting liquid waste comprising: a first section positioned to receive liquid waste comprising organic molecules and to convert at least a portion of the carbon molecules within the liquid waste to acids, wherein the liquid waste is acidic high-strength organic liquid wastes, neutral high-strength organic liquid wastes, or a combination thereof; a second section positioned to receive a portion of the liquid waste from the first section, the second section having one or more walls and converting at least a portion of the acids in the liquid waste to methane, the second section having a first passage and at least one second passage, wherein the waste material changes direction upon flowing from the first passage to the at least one second passage; a third section positioned to receive a portion of the liquid waste from the second section and to separate the liquid waste into an effluent and an alkaline sludge; and a flow path positioned to deliver at least a portion of the alkaline sludge to at least one of the first section, the second section and combination thereof. 33. The digester of claim 32, further comprising a partition positioned relative to the one or more walls such that a space is created there between, and wherein a heating device is positioned within the space for heating the waste material and enabling heated liquid waste to flow upwardly within the space. 34. The digester of claim 33, wherein the partition has a top edge over which heated waste material moves out of the space. 35. The digester of claim 33, wherein the partition has a bottom edge under which waste material moves into the space. 36. The digester of claim 32, further comprising a partition having a top edge and a bottom edge, the top edge being spaced a distance from a top of the closed second section, and the bottom edge being spaced a distance from a bottom of the closed second section. 37. The digester of claim 32, further comprising a fourth section adjacent to and upstream of the first section to adjust the pH of the liquid waste before the liquid waste enters the first section. 38. The digester of claim 32, wherein the first passage and the second passage are positioned to create a flow path that is generally U-shaped. 39. The digester of claim 32, wherein the liquid waste flows through the second section in a corkscrew-like flow path. 40. The digester of claim 32, further including a heating device adjacent to one or more of the walls in the second section to cause thermal mixing of the waste. 41. The digester of claim 32, further including a conduit in the second section having a gas outlet to emit gas into the liquid waste to cause mixing of the liquid waste. 42. The digester of claim 32, wherein the digester has an outer wall that is relatively circular. 43. A method for treating liquid waste comprising: converting carbon molecules within the liquid waste to acids in an acid forming chamber containing acid forming bacteria, wherein the acid forming chamber has a downstream end and an upstream end, and further wherein the liquid waste is one of alkaline high-strength organic liquid wastes, neutral high-strength organic liquid wastes, or a combination thereof;recycling at least a portion of the liquid from the downstream end of the acid forming chamber to the upstream end; andconverting the acids in the liquid waste from the acid forming chamber into methane in a methanic chamber containing methanogenic bacteria. 44. The method of claim 43, further comprising separating the liquid waste from the methanic chamber into alkaline sludge and effluent and recycling the alkaline swage into the methanic chamber. 45. The method of claim 44, wherein a sufficient amount of sludge is recycled to the methanic chamber to maintain the liquid waste within the methanic chamber at a pH of about 6.5 to about 8.0. 46. The method of claim 43, further comprising feeding liquid waste into the acid forming chamber, the liquid waste having a pH greater than about 8.0 and a solids content greater than about 5%. 47. The method of claim 43, further comprising adjusting the pH of the liquid waste to about 6.0 to about 7.0 before feeding the liquid waste into the acid forming chamber. 48. The method of claim 43, wherein the acid forming chamber contains acid forming bacteria selected from at least one of Clostridia, Fibrobacter succinogenes, Ruminococcus albus, Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, Selenomonas ruminatium, Streptococcuslovis, Eubacterium ruminatium, external enzymes, and combinations thereof. 49. The method of claim 43, wherein recycling the liquid waste from the downstream end of the acid forming chamber to the upstream end of the acid forming chamber maintains the liquid waste at the upstream end of the acid forming chamber at a pH of about 6.5 to about 7.5. 50. The method of claim 43, wherein the liquid waste within the acid forming chamber is maintained at a temperature of about 97° F. to about 103° F. 51. The method of claim 43, wherein the liquid waste within the acid forming chamber is maintained at a temperature of about 132° F. to about 138° F. 52. The method of claim 43, wherein the methanic chamber contains methanogenic bacteria selected from at least one of Methanothrix, Methanosarcina, Methanospirillum, Methanobacterium, Methanococcus, Methanobrevibacter, Methanomicrobiummobile, Methanosaeta, Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum, Methanobacterium formicicum, Methanobacterium thermoalcaliphilum, Methanococcus thermolithotrophicus, Methanosarcina thermophila, Methanosaela thermoacetophila, and combinations thereof. 53. The method of claim 43, wherein the liquid waste within the methanic chamber is maintained at a temperature of about 98° F. to about 102° F. 54. The method of claim 43, wherein the liquid waste within the methanic chamber is maintained at a temperature of about 132° F. to about 136° F. 55. The method of claim 43, wherein the liquid waste follows a corkscrew-like flow path through the methanic chamber. 56. The method of claim 55, wherein a partition positioned relative to a wall of the methanic chamber facilitates the corkscrew-like flow path. 57. The method of claim 43, wherein the converting steps in the acid forming chamber and the methanic chamber are done under anaerobic conditions. 58. The method of claim 43, wherein the liquid waste plug-flows through the methanic chamber. 59. A closed anaerobic digester for digesting liquid waste comprising: a first section having an upstream end and a downstream end positioned to receive liquid waste comprising organic molecules and to convert at least a portion of the organic molecules within the liquid waste to acids, wherein the liquid waste is acidic high-strength organic liquid wastes, neutral high-strength organic liquid wastes, or a combination thereof; a second section positioned to receive a portion of the liquid waste from the first section, the second section having one or more walls and converting at least a portion of the acids in the liquid waste to methane, the second section having a first passage and at least one second passage, wherein the waste material changes direction upon flowing from the first passage to the at least one second passage; a third section positioned to receive a portion of the liquid waste from the second section and to separate the liquid waste into an effluent and an alkaline sludge; and a first flow path for recycling liquid waste from the downstream end to the upstream end of the first section. 60. The digester of claim 59, further comprising a partition positioned relative to the one or more walls such that a space is created therebetween, and wherein a heating device is positioned within the space for heating the waste material and enabling heated waste material to flow upwardly within the space. 61. The digester of claim 60, wherein the partition has a top edge over which heated waste material moves out of the space. 62. The digester of claim 60, wherein the partition has a bottom edge under which waste material moves into the space. 63. The digester of claim 60, further comprising a fourth section adjacent to and upstream of the first section to adjust the pH of the liquid waste before it enters the first section. 64. The digester of claim 60, wherein the first passage and the second passage are positioned to create a flow path that is generally U-shaped. 65. The digester of claim 60, wherein the liquid waste flows through the second section in a corkscrew-like flow path. 66. The digester of claim 60, further including a heating device adjacent to one or more of the walls in the second section to cause thermal mixing of the waste. 67. The digester of claim 60, further comprising a flow path positioned to deliver at least a portion of the alkaline sludge from the third section to the second section.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (59)
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