Fire extinguishing compositions and methods of extinguishing a fire comprising compounds of formula (I) where Rf is a fluorocarbon group. The compounds and compositions described herein are useful as intermediates in the preparation of or as additives to AFFF (aqueous film forming foam) formulations
Fire extinguishing compositions and methods of extinguishing a fire comprising compounds of formula (I) where Rf is a fluorocarbon group. The compounds and compositions described herein are useful as intermediates in the preparation of or as additives to AFFF (aqueous film forming foam) formulations used for the extinguishment of fuel and solvent fires.
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1. A fire extinguishing composition comprising: at least one solvent; anda first fluorosurfactant of formula (I) whereL is absent, C1-C10 alkylene-O—, (—CH2CH2O—)n, (—CH2CH(CH3)O—)n, or (—CH2CH(OH)CH2O—)n;n is an integer from 1 to 10;Rf is a C4-C10 alkyl group substituted with 2m or (2m+1) fluoro at
1. A fire extinguishing composition comprising: at least one solvent; anda first fluorosurfactant of formula (I) whereL is absent, C1-C10 alkylene-O—, (—CH2CH2O—)n, (—CH2CH(CH3)O—)n, or (—CH2CH(OH)CH2O—)n;n is an integer from 1 to 10;Rf is a C4-C10 alkyl group substituted with 2m or (2m+1) fluoro atoms where m is the number of carbons in the alkyl backbone;M is an alkali metal cation, an alkaline earth metal cation, ammonium cation, a C1-C4 mono-substituted ammonium cation, a C1-C4 di-substituted ammonium cation, a C1-C4 tri-substituted ammonium cation, or a C1-C4 tetra-substituted ammonium cation; andx is an integer selected from 1 or 2, and corresponds to the valency of M. 2. The composition of claim 1, further comprising a hydrocarbon surfactant; and a second fluorosurfactant. 3. The composition of claim 1, wherein said solvent is selected from the group consisting of water, iso-propyl alcohol, t-butyl alcohol, glycol, butyl carbitol, and hexylene glycol. 4. A method of extinguishing a fire comprising: applying to said fire a composition comprising:at least one solvent; anda compound of formula I whereL is absent, C1-C10 alkylene-O—, (—CH2CH2O—)n, (—CH2CH(CH3)O—)n, or (—CH2CH(OH)CH2O—)n;n is an integer from 1 to 10;Rf is a C4-C10 alkyl group substituted with 2m or (2m+1) fluoro atoms where m is the number of carbons in the alkyl backbone;M is an alkali metal cation, an alkaline earth metal cation, ammonium cation, a C1-C4 mono-substituted ammonium cation, a C1-C4 di-substituted ammonium cation, a C1-C4 tri-substituted ammonium cation, or a C1-C4 tetra-substituted ammonium cation; andx is an integer selected from 1 or 2, and corresponds to the valency of M. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the composition further comprises a hydrocarbon surfactant; and a second fluorosurfactant. 6. The method of claim 4, wherein Rf is C4F9, C6F13, or C8F17. 7. The method of claim 4, wherein said solvent is selected from the group consisting of water, iso-propyl alcohol, t-butyl alcohol, glycol, butyl carbitol, and hexylene glycol. 8. A compound of formula (I): whereL is absent, C1-C10 alkylene-O—, (—CH2CH2O—)n, (—CH2CH(CH3)O—)n, or (—CH2CH(OH)CH2O—)n;n is an integer from 1 to 10;Rf is a C4-C10 alkyl group substituted with 2m or (2m+1) fluoro atoms where m is the number of carbons in the alkyl backbone;M is an alkali metal cation, an alkaline earth metal cation, ammonium cation, a C1-C4 mono-substituted ammonium cation, a C1-C4 di-substituted ammonium cation, a C1-C4 tri-substituted ammonium cation, or a C1-C4 tetra-substituted ammonium cation; andx is an integer selected from 1 or 2, and corresponds to the valency of M. 9. The compound of claim 8, wherein M is an alkali metal cation selected from the group consisting of a potassium, lithium, and sodium cation, and x is 1. 10. The compound of claim 8, wherein M is a magnesium cation, and x is 2. 11. The compound of claim 8, wherein M is an ammonium cation, a C1-C4 mono-substituted ammonium cation, a C1-C4 di-substituted ammonium cation, a C1-C4 tri-substituted ammonium cation, or a C1-C4 tetra-substituted ammonium cation and x is 1. 12. The compound of claim 9, wherein Rf is a C4-C10 alkyl containing (2m+1) fluoro atoms where m is the number of carbons in the alkyl backbone. 13. The compound of claim 12, wherein Rf is C4F9, C6F13, or C8F17. 14. The compound of claim 13, wherein L is (—CH2CH2O—)n. 15. The compound of claim 14, wherein n is 0, 1 or 2. 16. The compound of claim 8, wherein said compound is selected from the group consisting of: 2-(4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,7-nonafluorohept-2-enyloxy)ethyl hydrogen sulfate;4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,9-tridecafluoronon-2-enyl hydrogen sulfate;2-(4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,9-tridecafluoronon-2-enyloxy)ethyl hydrogen sulfate;2-(4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,11,11,11-heptadecafluoroundec-2-enyloxy)ethyl hydrogen sulfate; and34,34,35,35,36,36,37,37,38,38,39,39,39-tridecafluoro-3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24,27,30-decaoxatetracont-32-enyl hydrogen sulfate.
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