IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
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국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
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출원번호 |
US-0445008
(2012-04-12)
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등록번호 |
US-8539749
(2013-09-24)
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발명자
/ 주소 |
- Wichmann, Lisa Anne
- Simpson, Stanley Frank
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출원인 / 주소 |
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대리인 / 주소 |
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인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
62 인용 특허 :
7 |
초록
▼
A power plant configured to include a recirculation loop about which a working fluid is recirculated, the recirculation loop comprising a plurality of components configured to accept an outflow of working fluid from a neighboring upstream component and provide an inflow of working fluid to a neighbo
A power plant configured to include a recirculation loop about which a working fluid is recirculated, the recirculation loop comprising a plurality of components configured to accept an outflow of working fluid from a neighboring upstream component and provide an inflow of working fluid to a neighboring downstream component. The recirculation loop may include: a recirculation compressor; an upstream combustor; a high-pressure turbine; a downstream combustor; a low-pressure turbine; and a recirculation conduit configured to direct the outflow of working fluid from the low-pressure turbine to the recirculation compressor. The power plant may include: an oxidant compressor configured to provide compressed oxidant to both the upstream combustor and the downstream combustor; and means for extracting a portion of the working fluid from an extraction point disposed on the recirculation loop.
대표청구항
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1. A power plant configured to include a recirculation loop about which a working fluid is recirculated, the recirculation loop comprising a plurality of components configured to accept an outflow of working fluid from a neighboring upstream component and provide an inflow of working fluid to a neig
1. A power plant configured to include a recirculation loop about which a working fluid is recirculated, the recirculation loop comprising a plurality of components configured to accept an outflow of working fluid from a neighboring upstream component and provide an inflow of working fluid to a neighboring downstream component, wherein the recirculation loop includes: a recirculation compressor; an upstream combustor positioned downstream of the recirculation compressor; a high-pressure turbine positioned downstream of the upstream combustor and drivingly connected to the recirculation compressor; a downstream combustor positioned downstream of the high-pressure turbine; a low pressure turbine positioned downstream of the downstream combustor; and a recirculation conduit connected to an inlet of the recirculation compressor configured to direct the outflow of working fluid from the low-pressure turbine to the recirculation compressor, the power plant comprising: an oxidant compressor configured to provide compressed oxidant to both the upstream combustor and the downstream combustor; andmeans for extracting a portion of the working fluid from an extraction point disposed at a predetermined location on the recirculation loop. 2. The power plant according to claim 1, wherein: the outflow of working fluid from the low-pressure turbine comprises exhaust gases, which, via the recirculation conduit, are directed to the recirculation compressor;the recirculation compressor is configured to compress the exhaust gases such that the outflow of working fluid from the recirculation compressor comprises compressed exhaust gases; andthe means for extracting the portion of the working fluid from the extraction point includes means for controlling an extracted working fluid amount that is extracted at the extraction point. 3. The power plant according to claim 2, wherein the recirculation conduit is configured to collect the portion of the exhaust gases from the low-pressure turbine and direct the portion of the exhaust gases through a stretch of conduit such that the exhaust gases are delivered to an intake of the recirculation compressor; wherein the recirculation conduit further comprises a heat recovery steam generator, the heat recovery steam generator including a boiler; andwherein the heat recovery steam generator is configured such that the exhaust gases from the low-pressure turbine comprises a heat source for the boiler. 4. The power plant according to claim 2, wherein at least one of a chiller and a blower are positioned on the recirculation conduit; wherein the chiller comprises means for controllably removing an amount of heat from the exhaust gases flowing through the recirculation conduit such that a more desirable temperature is achieved at the intake of the recirculation compressor; andwherein the blower comprises means for controllably circulating the exhaust gases flowing through the recirculation conduit such that a more desirable pressure is achieved at the intake of the recirculation compressor. 5. The power plant according to claim 2, further comprising at least one of an upstream combustor fuel supply and a downstream combustor fuel supply; wherein: when present, the upstream combustor fuel supply includes means for controllably varying a fuel amount supplied to the upstream combustor; andwhen present, the downstream combustor fuel supply that includes means for controllably varying a fuel amount supplied to the downstream combustor. 6. The power plant according to claim 5, further comprising: a first oxidant conduit configured to channel compressed oxidant from the oxidant compressor to the upstream combustor, the first oxidant conduit comprising means for controllably varying a compressed oxidant amount supplied to the upstream combustor; anda second oxidant conduit configured to channel compressed oxidant to the downstream combustor, the second oxidant conduit comprising means for controllably varying a compressed oxidant amount supplied to the downstream combustor. 7. The power plant according to claim 6, further comprising a booster compressor disposed on at least one of the first oxidant conduit and the second oxidant conduit; and wherein the booster compressor is configured to boost the pressure of the compressed oxidant flowing through at least one of the first the oxidant conduit and the second oxidant conduit such that the compressed oxidant supplied to the upstream combustor or downstream combustor comprises a pressure level that corresponds to a preferable injection pressure at the upstream or downstream combustor. 8. The power plant according to claim 6, wherein, at an upstream end, the second oxidant conduit comprises a connection with the first oxidant conduit. 9. The power plant according to claim 8, further comprising an atmosphere vent disposed on the first oxidant conduit between the oxidant compressor and the booster compressor, the atmosphere vent configured to controllably vary a compressed oxidant amount vented to the atmosphere. 10. The power plant according to claim 9, wherein the first oxidant conduit comprises a booster compressor, the booster compressor configured to boost the pressure of the compressed oxidant flowing through the first oxidant conduit; and wherein the connection made by the second oxidant conduit to the first oxidant conduit comprises a downstream position relative to the booster compressor. 11. The power plant according to claim 9, wherein the first oxidant conduit comprises a booster compressor, the booster compressor being configured to boost the pressure of the compressed oxidant flowing through the first oxidant conduit; and wherein the connection made by the second oxidant conduit to the first oxidant conduit comprises an upstream position in relative to the booster compressor. 12. The power plant according to claim 6, wherein: at an upstream end, the first oxidant conduit comprises a first oxidant extraction location at which the compressed oxidant is extracted from the oxidant compressor;at an upstream end, the second oxidant conduit comprises a second oxidant extraction location at which the compressed oxidant is extracted from the oxidant compressor; andwithin the oxidant compressor, the first oxidant extraction location comprises a downstream position relative to the second oxidant extraction location. 13. The power plant according to claim 12, wherein the first oxidant extraction location comprises a position within a compressor discharge casing of the oxidant compressor, and wherein the second oxidant extraction location comprises a stage upstream of the compressor discharge casing within the oxidant compressor. 14. The power plant according to claim 12, wherein the first oxidant extraction location comprises a predetermined position within the oxidant compressor based upon a preferable injection pressure at the upstream combustor; and wherein the second extraction location comprises a predetermined position within the oxidant compressor based upon a preferable injection pressure at the downstream combustor. 15. The power plant according to claim 6, further comprising means for controlling the power plant such that one of the upstream combustor and the downstream combustor operates at a preferred stoichiometric ratio; wherein the predetermined location of the extraction point comprises a range of positions on the recirculation loop, the range of positions being defined between whichever of the upstream combustor and the downstream combustor is operable at the preferred stoichiometric ratio and, proceeding in a downstream direction, the other of the upstream and downstream combustors. 16. The power plant according to claim 15, wherein the means for controlling the power plant one of the upstream combustor and the downstream combustor at the preferred stoichiometric ratio includes a computerized control unit that is configured to control the operation of the following components: the means for controllably varying the compressed oxidant amount supplied to the upstream combustor; the means for controllably varying the compressed oxidant amount supplied to the downstream combustor; the means for controllably varying the fuel amount supplied to the upstream combustor; and the means for controllably varying the fuel amount supplied to the downstream combustor; and wherein the preferred stoichiometric ratio comprises a stoichiometric ratio near 1. 17. The power plant according to claim 16, wherein the preferred stoichiometric ratio comprises a stoichiometric ratio of between 0.75 and 1.25. 18. The power plant according to claim 16, wherein the preferred stoichiometric ratio comprises a stoichiometric ratio of between 0.9 and 1.1. 19. The power plant according to claim 16, wherein the preferred stoichiometric ratio comprises a stoichiometric ratio of between 1.0 and 1.1. 20. The power plant according to claim 15, wherein the at least one of the upstream combustor fuel supply and the downstream combustor fuel supply comprises the upstream combustor fuel supply and not the downstream fuel supply; and wherein the means for controlling the power plant such that one of the upstream combustor and the downstream combustor operates at the preferred stoichiometric ratio comprises means for controlling the power plant such that the downstream combustor operates at the preferred stoichiometric ratio. 21. The power plant according to claim 20, wherein the predetermined location of the extraction point comprises a range of positions on the recirculation loop, the range of positions being defined between the downstream combustor and, proceeding in a downstream direction, the upstream combustor. 22. The power plant according to claim 21, wherein: the upstream combustor is configured to combine the compressed oxidant from the oxidant compressor with the compressed exhaust gases from the recirculation compressor and, there within, combust the fuel from the upstream combustor fuel supply; andthe downstream combustor is configured to combine the compressed oxidant from the oxidant compressor with the exhaust gases from the high-pressure turbine and, there within, combust an excess fuel contained in the exhaust gases received from the high-pressure turbine. 23. The power plant according to claim 21, further comprising means for testing the working fluid to determine whether the downstream combustor is operating at the preferred stoichiometric ratio; wherein the means for testing the working fluid is positioned on the recirculation loop relative to the predetermined position of the extraction point. 24. The power plant according to claim 23, the means for testing the working fluid comprises at least one of a sensor for detecting excess oxidant and a sensor for detecting unspent fuel; and wherein the position of the means for testing the working fluid on the recirculation loop comprises a range of positions, the range of positions being defined between the extraction point and, proceeding in an upstream direction, the downstream combustor. 25. The power plant according to claim 15, wherein the at least one of the upstream combustor fuel supply and the downstream combustor fuel supply comprises the downstream combustor fuel supply and not the upstream combustor fuel supply; wherein the means for controlling the power plant such that one of the upstream combustor and the downstream combustor operates at the preferred stoichiometric ratio comprises means for controlling the power plant such that the upstream combustor operates at the preferred stoichiometric ratio; andwherein the predetermined location of the extraction point comprises a range of positions on the recirculation loop, the range of positions being defined between the upstream combustor and, proceeding in a downstream direction, the downstream combustor. 26. The power plant according to claim 25, further comprising means for testing the working fluid to determine whether the downstream combustor is operating at the preferred stoichiometric ratio; wherein the means for testing the working fluid comprises a sensor for detecting excess oxidant; andwherein the position of the means for testing the working fluid on the recirculation loop comprises a range of positions, the range of positions being defined between the extraction point and, proceeding in an upstream direction, the upstream combustor. 27. The power plant according to claim 15, wherein the at least one of the upstream combustor fuel supply and the downstream combustor fuel supply comprises both of the upstream combustor fuel supply and the downstream combustor fuel supply; and wherein the means for controlling the power plant such that one of the upstream combustor and the downstream combustor operates at the preferred stoichiometric ratio comprises means for controlling the power plant such that the downstream combustor operates at the preferred stoichiometric ratio. 28. The power plant according to claim 27, wherein the predetermined location of the extraction point comprises a range of positions on the recirculation loop, the range of positions being defined between the downstream combustor and, proceeding in a downstream direction, the upstream combustor. 29. The power plant according to claim 28, wherein: the upstream combustor is configured to combine the compressed oxidant from the oxidant compressor with the compressed exhaust gases from the recirculation compressor and, there within, combust the fuel from the upstream combustor fuel supply; andthe downstream combustor is configured to combine the compressed oxidant from the oxidant compressor with the exhaust gases from the high-pressure turbine and, there within, combust the fuel from the downstream combustor fuel supply. 30. The power plant according to claim 28, further comprising means for testing the working fluid to determine whether the downstream combustor is operating at the preferred stoichiometric ratio; wherein the means for testing the working fluid is positioned on the recirculation loop relative to the predetermined position of the extraction point. 31. The power plant according to claim 30, the means for testing the working fluid comprises at least one of a sensor for detecting excess oxidant and a sensor for detecting unspent fuel; and wherein the position of the means for testing the working fluid on the recirculation loop comprises a range of positions, the range of positions being defined between the extraction point and, proceeding in an upstream direction, the downstream combustor. 32. The power plant according to claim 15, wherein the at least one of the upstream combustor fuel supply and the downstream combustor fuel supply comprises both of the upstream combustor fuel supply and the downstream combustor fuel supply; and wherein the means for controlling the power plant such that one of the upstream combustor and the downstream combustor operates at the preferred stoichiometric ratio comprises means for controlling the power plant such that the upstream combustor operates at the preferred stoichiometric ratio. 33. The power plant according to claim 32, wherein the predetermined location of the extraction point comprises a range of positions on the recirculation loop, the range of positions being defined between the upstream combustor and, proceeding in a downstream direction, the downstream combustor. 34. The power plant according to claim 33, wherein: the upstream combustor is configured to combine the compressed oxidant from the oxidant compressor with the compressed exhaust gases from the recirculation compressor and, there within, combust the fuel from the upstream combustor fuel supply; andthe downstream combustor is configured to combine the compressed oxidant from the oxidant compressor with the exhaust gases from the high-pressure turbine and, there within, combust the fuel from the downstream combustor fuel supply. 35. The power plant according to claim 33, further comprising means for testing the working fluid to determine whether the upstream combustor is operating at the preferred stoichiometric ratio; wherein the means for testing the working fluid is positioned on the recirculation loop relative to the predetermined position of the extraction point. 36. The power plant according to claim 35, the means for testing the working fluid comprises at least one of an oxygen sensor and a sensor for detecting unspent fuel; and wherein the position of the means for testing the working fluid on the recirculation loop comprises a range of positions, the range of positions being defined between the extraction point and, proceeding in an upstream direction, the upstream combustor. 37. The power plant according to claim 15, further comprising an oxygen sensor configured to test the working fluid of the recirculation loop, the oxygen sensor disposed between the extraction point and, proceeding in an upstream direction on the recirculation loop, the first of the upstream combustor and the downstream combustor encountered; further comprising means for determining whether the oxygen content exceeds a predetermined threshold. 38. The power plant according to claim 2, further comprising: a load; anda common shaft that connects the load, the oxidant compressor, the recirculation compressor, the high-pressure turbine and the low-pressure turbine such that the high-pressure turbine and the low-pressure turbine drive the load, the oxidant compressor, and the recirculation compressor. 39. The power plant according to claim 38, wherein: the load comprises a generator;on the common shaft, the recirculation compressor resides between the high-pressure turbine and the oxidant compressor; andon the common shaft, the high-pressure turbine resides between the low-pressure turbine and the recirculation compressor. 40. The power plant according to claim 2, further comprising: a generator; andconcentric shafts including a first shaft and a second shaft;wherein the first shaft connects to the high-pressure turbine and drives at least one of the generator, the oxidant compressor, and the recirculation compressor; andwherein the second shaft connects to the low-pressure turbine and drives at least one of the generator, the oxidant compressor, and the recirculation compressor. 41. The power plant according to claim 2, wherein the means of extracting the portion of the working fluid comprises an extraction valve that is configured to controllably vary a working fluid amount that is extracted. 42. The power plant according to claim 2, further comprising a recirculation conduit valve configured to vent a controllable amount of working fluid to atmosphere; wherein the recirculation conduit valve comprises a position on the recirculation conduit.
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