IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
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국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
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출원번호 |
US-0153748
(2011-06-06)
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등록번호 |
US-8582192
(2013-11-12)
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발명자
/ 주소 |
- Kumar, Anil
- Yoest, Rachael L.
- Li, Chenguang
- Jackson, Delwin S.
- Nguyen, Henry
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출원인 / 주소 |
- Transitions Optical, Inc.
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대리인 / 주소 |
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인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
0 인용 특허 :
104 |
초록
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Provided are photochromic articles that include a substrate, a primer layer that includes a first photochromic compound, and a photochromic-dichroic layer over the primer layer that includes a photochromic-dichroic compound. The first photochromic compound and the photochromic-dichroic compound each
Provided are photochromic articles that include a substrate, a primer layer that includes a first photochromic compound, and a photochromic-dichroic layer over the primer layer that includes a photochromic-dichroic compound. The first photochromic compound and the photochromic-dichroic compound each are selected such that the photochromic-dichroic compound has an absorbance of less than or equal to 0.1 at the wavelength of peak absorbance of the underlying first photochromic compound. The present invention also relates to such photochromic articles that further include a topcoat layer over the photochromic-dichroic layer. The topcoat layer can include a second photochromic compound that has an absorbance of less than 0.1 at the wavelength of peak absorbance of the underlying photochromic-dichroic compound. The photochromic articles provide, for example, a combination of linear polarizing properties, and reduced percent transmittance when in a colored or darkened state, such as when exposed to actinic light.
대표청구항
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1. A photochromic article comprising: a substrate;a primer layer comprising a first photochromic compound having a first peak absorbance wavelength and a first terminal minimum absorbance wavelength, said first terminal minimum absorbance wavelength being at higher wavelength than said first peak ab
1. A photochromic article comprising: a substrate;a primer layer comprising a first photochromic compound having a first peak absorbance wavelength and a first terminal minimum absorbance wavelength, said first terminal minimum absorbance wavelength being at higher wavelength than said first peak absorbance wavelength, and said primer layer being positioned over said substrate; anda photochromic-dichroic layer comprising a photochromic-dichroic compound having a second peak absorbance wavelength and a second terminal minimum absorbance wavelength, said second terminal minimum absorbance wavelength being at higher wavelength than said second peak absorbance wavelength, and said photochromic-dichroic layer being positioned over said primer layer,wherein said second peak absorbance wavelength is less than said first peak absorbance wavelength, and said second terminal minimum absorbance wavelength is less than said first terminal minimum absorbance wavelength, andfurther wherein said photochromic-dichroic compound has an absorbance of less than or equal to 0.1 at said first peak absorbance wavelength. 2. The photochromic article of claim 1, wherein said second terminal minimum absorbance wavelength is less than or equal to a first overlap wavelength value calculated from the following equation, (said first peak absorbance wavelength)×1.05. 3. The photochromic article of claim 1, wherein said second terminal minimum absorbance wavelength is less than or equal to a first overlap wavelength value calculated from the following equation, (said first peak absorbance wavelength)×1.025. 4. The photochromic article of claim 1, wherein said second terminal minimum absorbance wavelength is less than or equal to said first peak absorbance wavelength. 5. The photochromic article of claim 1, wherein said first peak absorbance wavelength, said first terminal minimum peak absorbance wavelength, said second peak absorbance wavelength, and said second terminal minimum wavelength are each independently selected from 300 nm to 780 nm. 6. The photochromic article of claim 5, wherein said first peak absorbance wavelength, said first terminal minimum peak absorbance wavelength, said second peak absorbance wavelength, and said second terminal minimum wavelength are each independently selected from 300 nm to 500 nm. 7. The photochromic article of claim 6, wherein said first peak absorbance wavelength is selected from 400 nm to 420 nm, said second peak absorbance wavelength is selected from 350 nm to 370 nm, and said second terminal minimum absorbance wavelength is less than or equal to a first overlap wavelength value calculated from the following equation, (said first peak absorbance wavelength)×1.05. 8. The photochromic article of claim 1, wherein said primer layer further comprises an organic matrix comprising polyurethane linkages. 9. The photochromic article of claim 1, wherein said photochromic-dichroic layer further comprises an anisotropic material. 10. The photochromic article of claim 9, wherein said anisotropic material comprises a liquid crystal material. 11. The photochromic article of claim 1, wherein said photochromic-dichroic compound is at least partially aligned. 12. The photochromic article of claim 1, wherein said photochromic-dichroic layer further comprises a phase-separated polymer comprising, a matrix phase that is at least partially ordered, anda guest phase that is at least partially ordered, wherein said guest phase comprises said photochromic-dichroic compound, and said photochromic-dichroic compound is at least partially aligned with at least a portion of said guest phase. 13. The photochromic article of claim 1, wherein said photochromic-dichroic layer further comprises an interpenetrating polymer network comprising, an anisotropic material that is at least partially ordered, anda polymeric material, wherein said anisotropic material comprises said photochromic-dichroic compound, and said photochromic-dichroic compound is at least partially aligned with at least a portion of said anisotropic material. 14. The photochromic article of claim 1, wherein said photochromic-dichroic layer further comprises at least one additive selected from dyes, alignment promoters, kinetic enhancing additives, photoinitiators, thermal initiators, polymerization inhibitors, solvents, light stabilizers, heat stabilizers, mold release agents, rheology control agents, leveling agents, free radical scavengers, and adhesion promoters. 15. The photochromic article of claim 1, wherein said photochromic-dichroic layer further comprises at least one dichroic material chosen from azomethines, indigoids, thioindigoids, merocyanines, indans, quinophthalonic dyes, perylenes, phthaloperines, triphenodioxazines, indoloquinoxalines, imidazo-triazines, tetrazines, azo and (poly)azo dyes, benzoquinones, naphthoquinones, anthroquinone and (poly)anthroquinones, anthropyrimidinones, iodine and iodates. 16. The photochromic article of claim 1, wherein said first photochromic compound and said photochromic-dichroic compound are each independently selected from indeno-fused naphthopyrans, naphtho[1,2-b]pyrans, naphtho[2,1-b]pyrans, spirofluoroeno[1,2-b]pyrans, phenanthropyrans, quinolinopyrans, fluoroanthenopyrans, spiropyrans, benzoxazines, naphthoxazines, spiro(indoline)naphthoxazines, spiro(indoline)pyridobenzoxazines, spiro(indoline)fluoranthenoxazines, spiro(indoline)quinoxazines, fulgides, fulgimides, diarylethenes, diarylalkylethenes, diarylalkenylethenes, thermally reversible photochromic compounds, and non-thermally reversible photochromic compounds, and mixtures thereof. 17. The photochromic article of claim 1 further comprising an alignment layer interposed between said primer layer and said photochromic-dichroic layer, and said photochromic-dichroic compound is at least partially aligned. 18. The photochromic article of claim 1 further comprising a topcoat layer comprising an ultraviolet light absorber, wherein said topcoat layer resides over said photochromic-dichroic layer. 19. The photochromic article of claim 18 further comprising a hard coat layer, wherein said hard coat layer resides over said topcoat layer. 20. The photochromic article of claim 1, wherein said photochromic article is selected from ophthalmic articles, display articles, windows, mirrors, and active liquid crystal cell articles, and passive liquid crystal cell articles. 21. The photochromic article of claim 20, wherein photochromic article is selected from corrective lenses, non-corrective lenses, contact lenses, intra-ocular lenses, magnifying lenses, protective lenses, and visors. 22. The photochromic article of claim 20, wherein the display article is selected from screens, monitors, and security elements. 23. The photochromic article of claim 1, wherein the substrate is selected from untinted substrates, tinted substrates, photochromic substrates, tinted-photochromic substrates, and linearly polarizing substrates. 24. A photochromic article comprising: a substrate;a primer layer comprising a first photochromic compound having a first peak absorbance wavelength and a first terminal minimum absorbance wavelength, said first terminal minimum absorbance wavelength being at higher wavelength than said first peak absorbance wavelength, and said primer layer being positioned over said substrate;a photochromic-dichroic layer comprising a photochromic-dichroic compound having a second peak absorbance wavelength and a second terminal minimum absorbance wavelength, said second terminal minimum absorbance wavelength being at higher wavelength than said second peak absorbance wavelength, and said photochromic-dichroic layer being positioned over said primer layer; anda topcoat layer comprising a second photochromic compound having a third peak absorbance wavelength and a third terminal minimum absorbance wavelength, said third terminal minimum absorbance wavelength being at higher wavelength than said third peak absorbance wavelength, and said topcoat layer being positioned over said photochromic-dichroic layer,wherein said second peak absorbance wavelength is less than said first peak absorbance wavelength, said second terminal minimum absorbance wavelength is less than said first terminal minimum absorbance wavelength, said third peak absorbance wavelength is less than said second peak absorbance wavelength, and said third terminal minimum absorbance wavelength is less than said second terminal minimum absorbance wavelength,further wherein said photochromic-dichroic compound has an absorbance of less than or equal to 0.1 at said first peak absorbance wavelength, andsaid second photochromic compound has an absorbance of less than or equal to 0.1 at said second peak absorbance wavelength. 25. The photochromic article of claim 24, wherein said second terminal minimum absorbance wavelength is less than or equal to a first overlap wavelength value calculated from the following equation, (said first peak absorbance wavelength)×1.05 and said third terminal minimum absorbance wavelength is less than or equal to a second overlap wavelength value calculated from the following equation, (said second peak absorbance wavelength)×1.05. 26. The photochromic article of claim 24, wherein said second terminal minimum absorbance wavelength is less than or equal to a first overlap wavelength value calculated from the following equation, (said first peak absorbance wavelength)×1.025 and said third terminal minimum absorbance wavelength is less than or equal to a second overlap wavelength value calculated from the following equation, (said second peak absorbance wavelength)×1.025. 27. The photochromic article of claim 24, wherein said second terminal minimum absorbance wavelength is less than or equal to said first peak absorbance wavelength, and said third terminal minimum absorbance wavelength is less than or equal to said second peak absorbance wavelength. 28. The photochromic article of claim 24, wherein said first peak absorbance wavelength, said first terminal minimum peak absorbance wavelength, said second peak absorbance wavelength, said second terminal minimum wavelength, said third peak absorbance wavelength, and said third terminal minimum wavelength are each independently selected from 300 nm to 780 nm. 29. The photochromic article of claim 28, wherein said first peak absorbance wavelength, said first terminal minimum peak absorbance wavelength, said second peak absorbance wavelength, said second terminal minimum wavelength, said third peak absorbance wavelength, and said third terminal minimum wavelength are each independently selected from 300 nm to 500 nm. 30. The photochromic article of claim 29, wherein, said first peak absorbance wavelength is selected from 400 nm to 420 nm,said second peak absorbance wavelength is selected from 350 nm to 370 nm, andsaid third peak absorbance wavelength is selected from 310 nm to 330 nm, and further wherein, said second terminal minimum absorbance wavelength is less than or equal to a first overlap wavelength value calculated from the following equation, (said first peak absorbance wavelength)×1.05,and said third terminal minimum absorbance wavelength is less than or equal to a second overlap wavelength value calculated from the following equation, (said second peak absorbance wavelength)×1.05. 31. The photochromic article of claim 24, wherein said first photochromic compound, said photochromic-dichroic compound, and said second photochromic compound are each independently selected from indeno-fused naphthopyrans, naphtho[1,2-b]pyrans, naphtho[2,1-b]pyrans, spirofluoroeno[1,2-b]pyrans, phenanthropyrans, quinolinopyrans, fluoroanthenopyrans, spiropyrans, benzoxazines, naphthoxazines, spiro(indoline)naphthoxazines, spiro(indoline)pyridobenzoxazines, spiro(indoline)fluoranthenoxazines, spiro(indoline)quinoxazines, fulgides, fulgimides, diarylethenes, diarylalkylethenes, diarylalkenylethenes, thermally reversible photochromic compounds, and non-thermally reversible photochromic compounds, and mixtures thereof. 32. The photochromic article of claim 24, wherein said topcoat layer further comprises an ultraviolet light absorber.
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