A fractionation process for producing at least two concentration fractions of a fluid including a solute, suspended or dissolved content using at least two fluidly connected evaporator units is provided. The process includes the steps of: feeding a feed fluid including a solute, suspended or dissolv
A fractionation process for producing at least two concentration fractions of a fluid including a solute, suspended or dissolved content using at least two fluidly connected evaporator units is provided. The process includes the steps of: feeding a feed fluid including a solute, suspended or dissolved content into at least a first evaporator unit; evaporating a first amount of fluid from the feed fluid in at least the first evaporator unit to produce a first concentrated fluid; feeding at least a portion of the first concentrated fluid into at least a second evaporator unit; and evaporating a second amount of fluid from the first concentrated fluid in at least the second evaporator unit to produce a second concentrated fluid.
대표청구항▼
1. A fractionation process for producing at least two concentration fractions of a fluid comprising a solute, suspended or dissolved content using at least two fluidly connected evaporator units, the process comprising the steps of: feeding a feed fluid comprising the solute, suspended or dissolved
1. A fractionation process for producing at least two concentration fractions of a fluid comprising a solute, suspended or dissolved content using at least two fluidly connected evaporator units, the process comprising the steps of: feeding a feed fluid comprising the solute, suspended or dissolved content into at least a first evaporator unit;evaporating a first amount of fluid from the feed fluid in at least the first evaporator unit to produce a first concentrated fluid;feeding at least a portion of the first concentrated fluid into at least a second evaporator unit;evaporating a second amount of fluid from the first concentrated fluid in at least the second evaporator unit to produce a second concentrated fluid,controlling the concentration of the suspended or dissolved content of one or more of the first or second concentrated fluid within a predetermined concentration range; anddiverting a portion of the first concentrated fluid from a flow path from between the first evaporator unit and the second evaporator unit to produce a product stream. 2. A fractionation process according to claim 1, further comprising one or more further evaporating steps in at least one further evaporator unit fluidly connected to at least one of the first or second evaporator units, wherein a further amount of fluid is evaporated from the concentrated fluid fed into the at least one further evaporator unit to produce a further concentrated fluid. 3. A fractionation process according to claim 1, wherein the steps of evaporating the first amount of fluid and evaporating the second amount of fluid are conducted in at least two operatively connected evaporator units that are connected in series. 4. A fractionation process according to claim 1, comprising at least one of the following additional steps of: condensing the first amount of fluid after evaporating the first amount of fluid; andcondensing the second amount of fluid after evaporating the second amount of fluid. 5. A fractionation process according to claim 4, wherein the step of condensing the first amount of fluid comprises the step of: transferring energy from the first amount of fluid evaporated to the concentrated fluid fed into the second evaporator unit. 6. A fractionation process according to claim 4, wherein one or more of the steps of condensing the first amount of fluid and condensing the second amount of fluid are conducted in a heat exchanger. 7. A fractionation process according to claim 1, wherein one or more of the evaporating steps comprises an adiabatic evaporation process. 8. A fractionation process according to claim 1, wherein one or more of the evaporating steps comprises the step of: spraying into the respective evaporator unit the fluid fed into the respective evaporator unit. 9. A fractionation process according to claim 1, further comprising the step of: feeding a selected amount of the first amount of concentrated fluid into the second evaporator unit to facilitate the precise control of the concentration of the fluid within the second evaporation unit. 10. A fractionation process according to claim 9, wherein the step of controlling the concentration of the suspended or dissolved content of one or more of the first or second concentrated fluids comprises the steps of controlling one or more of a temperature of the fluid fed into the respective evaporator unit, the internal pressure of the respective evaporator unit, the flow rate of concentrated fluid removed from the respective evaporator unit, or the flow rate of the initial feed fluid that is fed into the respective evaporator unit. 11. A fractionation process according to claim 1, further comprising the step of: introducing at least one additive to crystalise one or more of the suspended or dissolved content of the first, second or a further concentrated fluid. 12. A fractionation system for producing at least two concentration fractions of a fluid comprising a solute, suspended or dissolved content, the system comprising: a first evaporator unit for evaporating a first amount of fluid from a first feed fluid to produce a first concentrated fluid; anda second evaporator unit for evaporating a second amount of fluid from a second feed fluid to produce a second concentrated fluid;wherein the second evaporator unit is fluidly connected to the first evaporator unit such that the first concentrated fluid is the second feed fluid; anda controller for controlling the concentration of the suspended or dissolved content of one or more of the first or second concentrated fluid within a predetermined concentration range; anda diverter valve for diverting a predetermined amount of fluid from a fluid flow path between the first evaporator unit and the second evaporator unit to produce a product stream. 13. A fractionation system according to claim 12, further comprising at least one further evaporator unit, with the first evaporator unit fluidly connected to the second evaporator unit such that the first concentrated fluid is fed to the second evaporator unit and the second evaporator unit is fluidly connected to the at least one further evaporator unit such that the second concentrated fluid is fed to the at least one further evaporator unit. 14. A fractionation system according to claim 13, wherein one or more of the first, second or a further evaporator unit is operatively connected to one or more complementary evaporator units which are fed substantially the same feed fluid as the first, second or further evaporator unit respectively and produce substantially the same first, second or a further concentrated fluid. 15. A fractionation system according to claim 14, wherein one or more of the complementary evaporator units are fluidly connected to the further evaporator unit. 16. A fractionation system according to claim 13, further comprising a condensing unit in which the first, second or a further amount of fluid is condensed. 17. A fractionation system according to claim 16, wherein the condensing unit comprises a heat exchanger in which energy is transferred from the first amount of fluid to the first concentrated fluid fed into the second evaporator unit. 18. A fractionation system according to claim 12, wherein one or more of the evaporator units comprises a spray device for spraying liquid fed into that evaporator unit. 19. A fractionation system according to claim 12, wherein the first evaporator unit comprises a first sump in which the first concentrated fluid is collected, and the second evaporator unit comprises a second sump in which the second concentrated fluid is collected, with the first sump being in fluid connection with an inlet to the second evaporator unit. 20. A fractionation system according to claim 12, wherein one or more of the evaporator units comprises a fan unit for producing convective heat transfer conditions within the evaporator unit to enhance evaporation of the fluid fed into the respective evaporator unit. 21. A fractionation system according to claim 20, wherein the fan unit produces a transverse or counter current air flow to the fluid fed into the evaporator unit.
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