Ammonia flame cracker system, method and apparatus
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
B01J-019/24
C01B-003/04
출원번호
US-0537125
(2012-06-29)
등록번호
US-8623285
(2014-01-07)
발명자
/ 주소
Grannell, Shawn
Gillespie, Donald E.
출원인 / 주소
Grannell, Shawn
대리인 / 주소
Gifford, Krass, Sprinkle, Anderson & Citkowski, P.C.
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
1인용 특허 :
19
초록▼
Apparatus, methods and systems reside in the decomposition of ammonia into a hydrogen-containing product mixture. An ammonia-rich gaseous mixture containing ammonia and oxygen enters a conduit, within which combustion and decomposition of the mixture is initiated, thereby liberating hydrogen. A mixt
Apparatus, methods and systems reside in the decomposition of ammonia into a hydrogen-containing product mixture. An ammonia-rich gaseous mixture containing ammonia and oxygen enters a conduit, within which combustion and decomposition of the mixture is initiated, thereby liberating hydrogen. A mixture of products, resulting from the reactions, is expelled from the outlet of the conduit, the mixture including non-combusted hydrogen gas, which may then be used for other purposes. The incoming reactants, including ammonia and oxygen, are heat exchanged with the outgoing product mixture containing non-combusted hydrogen gas.
대표청구항▼
1. An ammonia cracker, comprising: a source of gaseous ammonia;a counterflow heat exchanger having a first inlet for receiving the ammonia from the source, and a separate, second inlet for receiving an oxygen-containing gas mixture;a combustion zone within the counterflow heat exchanger;apparatus fo
1. An ammonia cracker, comprising: a source of gaseous ammonia;a counterflow heat exchanger having a first inlet for receiving the ammonia from the source, and a separate, second inlet for receiving an oxygen-containing gas mixture;a combustion zone within the counterflow heat exchanger;apparatus for separately metering the ammonia and the oxygen-containing gas mixture into the combustion zone such that the ammonia and the oxygen-containing gas mixture are burned at a maximum gas temperature higher than 1400° C., thus forming a mixture of products including non-combusted hydrogen gas;wherein at least the incoming ammonia is preheated prior to combustion, with a portion of the preheating resulting from a transfer of heat from the mixture of products to the incoming ammonia; andan outlet for expelling the mixture of products, including the non-combusted hydrogen gas. 2. The ammonia cracker of claim 1, wherein the gas mixture is burned at a maximum gas temperature of about 1500-1800° C. 3. The ammonia cracker of claim 1, further comprising: a processor programmed with an algorithm for controlling the ammonia/oxidizer equivalence ratio, of the incoming mixture components, such that a desired ammonia decomposition yield is obtained. 4. The ammonia cracker of claim 1, further comprising: a temperature probe for monitoring an operating temperature; anda processor programmed with an algorithm for controlling the ammonia/oxidizer equivalence ratio, of the incoming mixture components, such that a desired operating temperature is obtained. 5. The ammonia cracker of claim 1, further comprising: starting apparatus for heating at least a portion of the counterflow heat exchanger, or one or more components within or attached to the counterflow heat exchanger, up to operating temperature during a starting period; andwherein the heating, during the starting period, includes one or more of the following: application of electric power to the starting apparatus, application of electric power to a portion of the counterflow heat exchanger, or application of electric power to at least one of the following: a component within the counterflow heat exchanger, a component attached to the counterflow heat exchanger, or a component in communication with the counterflow heat exchanger. 6. The ammonia cracker of claim 1, further comprising: starting apparatus for heating at least a portion of the counterflow heat exchanger, or one or more components within or attached to the counterflow heat exchanger, up to operating temperature during a starting period; andwherein the heating, during the starting period, includes combustion of a starting mixture and then flowing the combusted starting mixture over at least one of the following: a surface of the counterflow heat exchanger, a surface within the counterflow heat exchanger, or a surface attached to the counterflow heat exchanger. 7. The ammonia cracker of claim 6, wherein the starting mixture contains hydrogen and air. 8. The ammonia cracker of claim 6, wherein the starting mixture also contains ammonia. 9. The ammonia cracker of claim 7, wherein the hydrogen, in the starting mixture, is obtained by decomposition of ammonia. 10. The ammonia cracker of claim 8, wherein the flow of ammonia, in the starting mixture, is increased during a portion of the starting period. 11. The ammonia cracker of claim 6, wherein the starting mixture contains ammonia and oxygen.
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