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Kafe 바로가기국가/구분 | United States(US) Patent 등록 |
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국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
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출원번호 | US-0532474 (2012-06-25) |
등록번호 | US-8733094 (2014-05-27) |
발명자 / 주소 |
|
출원인 / 주소 |
|
대리인 / 주소 |
|
인용정보 | 피인용 횟수 : 0 인용 특허 : 454 |
The invention relates to systems and methods for rapidly and isothermally expanding and compressing gas in energy storage and recovery systems that use open-air hydraulic-pneumatic cylinder assemblies, such as an accumulator and an intensifier in communication with a high-pressure gas storage reserv
The invention relates to systems and methods for rapidly and isothermally expanding and compressing gas in energy storage and recovery systems that use open-air hydraulic-pneumatic cylinder assemblies, such as an accumulator and an intensifier in communication with a high-pressure gas storage reservoir on a gas-side of the circuits and a combination fluid motor/pump, coupled to a combination electric generator/motor on the fluid side of the circuits. The systems use heat transfer subsystems in communication with at least one of the cylinder assemblies or reservoir to thermally condition the gas being expanded or compressed.
1. An energy-conversion system that stores and recovers electrical energy using compressed gas, the system comprising: a cylinder assembly including a cylinder having a first chamber and a second chamber, the chambers being separated by a piston slideably disposed within the cylinder;a drive system
1. An energy-conversion system that stores and recovers electrical energy using compressed gas, the system comprising: a cylinder assembly including a cylinder having a first chamber and a second chamber, the chambers being separated by a piston slideably disposed within the cylinder;a drive system coupled to the cylinder assembly, wherein the drive system is configured to convert potential energy to electrical energy during an expansion phase and convert electrical energy to potential energy during a compression phase, movement of the piston in the cylinder assembly compressing gas in one of the first or second chambers during the compression phase, and expanding gas in one of the first or second chambers moving the piston in the cylinder assembly during the expansion phase;a heat-transfer subsystem in fluid communication with at least one of the first chamber or the second chamber of the cylinder assembly;for sensing at least one of a fluid state, a fluid flow, a temperature, a pressure, or a position of the piston, at least one sensor in communication with at least one of the first chamber of the cylinder assembly, the second chamber of the cylinder assembly, or fluid exiting the heat-transfer subsystem; anda control system for receiving telemetry from the at least one sensor to control operation of the heat-transfer subsystem based at least in part on the received telemetry. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the cylinder assembly comprises a pneumatic cylinder. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein the heat-transfer subsystem further comprises: a fluid circulation apparatus; anda heat transfer fluid reservoir, wherein the fluid circulation apparatus is arranged to pump a heat transfer fluid from the reservoir into the gas. 4. The system of claim 3, wherein the heat-transfer subsystem further comprises a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger comprising: a first side in fluid communication with the fluid circulation apparatus and the heat transfer fluid reservoir; anda second side in fluid communication with a source of heat transfer fluid, wherein the fluid circulation apparatus circulates fluid from heat transfer fluid reservoir, through the heat exchanger and to the cylinder assembly. 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the heat-transfer subsystem comprises a spray mechanism for introducing heat transfer fluid into the gas. 6. The system of claim 5, wherein the spray mechanism comprises at least one of a spray head or a spray rod. 7. The system of claim 1, wherein the drive system comprises a hydraulic power unit fluidly coupled to the cylinder assembly and configured to drive an electric motor/generator to recover electrical energy and be driven by the electric motor/generator to store potential energy. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein the drive system comprises a hydraulic motor/pump in fluid communication with the cylinder assembly for causing compression of gas or receiving energy from expansion of gas, the control system controlling the hydraulic motor/pump based at least in part on the received telemetry. 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the hydraulic motor/pump comprises a shaft, the control system controlling at least one of a speed or a torque of the rotating shaft based on the received telemetry. 10. The system of claim 1, further comprising, selectively fluidly connected to the cylinder assembly, a storage vessel for storage of the gas after compression or before expansion. 11. The system of claim 1, further comprising a valve for venting the gas to atmosphere after expansion thereof. 12. The system of claim 1, further comprising a second cylinder assembly fluidly connectable to the cylinder assembly, the control system operating the cylinder assembly and the second cylinder assembly in a staged manner to provide a predetermined pressure profile at least at one outlet. 13. The system of claim 12, wherein (i) the cylinder assembly transfers mechanical energy at a first pressure ratio, and (ii) the second cylinder assembly transfers mechanical energy at a second pressure ratio greater than the first pressure ratio. 14. The system of claim 12, wherein the cylinder assembly and the second cylinder assembly are connected in parallel.
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