A Rankine cycle waste heat recovery system uses a receiver with a maximum liquid working fluid level lower than the minimum liquid working fluid level of a sub-cooler of the waste heat recovery system. The receiver may have a position that is physically lower than the sub-cooler's position. A valve
A Rankine cycle waste heat recovery system uses a receiver with a maximum liquid working fluid level lower than the minimum liquid working fluid level of a sub-cooler of the waste heat recovery system. The receiver may have a position that is physically lower than the sub-cooler's position. A valve controls transfer of fluid between several of the components in the waste heat recovery system, especially from the receiver to the sub-cooler. The system may also have an associated control module.
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1. A fluid management system for a Rankine cycle waste heat recovery system for an internal combustion engine, the fluid management system comprising: a fluid circuit;a condenser positioned along the fluid circuit;a sub-cooler fluidly connected to the condenser and containing a liquid working fluid;
1. A fluid management system for a Rankine cycle waste heat recovery system for an internal combustion engine, the fluid management system comprising: a fluid circuit;a condenser positioned along the fluid circuit;a sub-cooler fluidly connected to the condenser and containing a liquid working fluid;a receiver fluidly connected to the sub-cooler and containing the liquid working fluid, wherein a level of the liquid working fluid in the receiver is lower than a level of the liquid working fluid in the sub-cooler throughout all operating conditions; anda valve positioned along the fluid circuit upstream of the condenser and movable into a first position and a second position,wherein the valve second position fluidly connects a source of high-pressure vaporized working fluid to the receiver, andwherein the high-pressure vaporized working fluid causes the liquid working fluid in the receiver to flow from the receiver to the sub-cooler. 2. The system of claim 1, further including a pump fluidly connected to the sub-cooler and connected to at least one heat exchanger, wherein the pump is operable to move the liquid working fluid in the sub-cooler to the at least one heat exchanger. 3. The system of claim 2, wherein the at least one heat exchanger is the source of the high-pressure vaporized working fluid. 4. The system of claim 2, wherein the at least one heat exchanger receives exhaust gas from an exhaust gas recirculation system. 5. The system of claim 3, wherein the at least one heat exchanger heats the liquid working fluid and changes the state of the liquid working fluid to the high-pressure vaporized working fluid. 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the valve first position fluidly connects the receiver to the condenser. 7. The fluid management system of claim 1, wherein the valve includes a third position and the valve third position connects the source of high-pressure vaporized working fluid to the condenser. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein the receiver is physically located in a position that is lower than the sub-cooler's position. 9. A waste heat recovery system for an internal combustion engine, the waste heat recovery system comprising: a working fluid circuit, including:a cooled condenser receiving a vaporized working fluid and operable to change the state of the vaporized working fluid to a liquid working fluid;a sub-cooler fluidly connected to the condenser and receiving the liquid working fluid;a pump fluidly connected to the sub-cooler and operable to move the liquid working fluid from the sub-cooler;a heat exchanger fluidly connected to a pump to receive the liquid working fluid and operable to transfer heat from a heat source to the liquid working fluid to convert the liquid working fluid to the vaporized working fluid, wherein the vaporized working fluid is at a high pressure; andan energy conversion device fluidly connected to the heat exchanger and operable to convert the high-pressure vaporized working fluid received from the heat exchanger to energy; anda fluid management circuit fluidly connected to the working fluid circuit, the fluid management circuit including:a conversion device bypass valve fluidly connected to the heat exchanger in parallel to the energy conversion device; anda receiver fluidly connected to the conversion device bypass valve, wherein the receiver is placed at a physical location where the maximum liquid working fluid level in the receiver is lower than the minimum liquid working fluid level in the condenser and the sub-cooler;wherein the conversion device bypass valve is operable to fluidly connect the heat exchanger to the receiver, simultaneously disconnecting a direct path to the condenser from the heat exchanger and the receiver; andwherein vaporized working fluid flowing from the heat exchanger forces the liquid working fluid to flow from the receiver to the sub-cooler. 10. The waste heat recovery system of claim 9, wherein the position of the receiver is physically lower than the position of condenser and the sub-cooler. 11. The waste heat recovery system of claim 9, wherein the conversion device bypass valve is alternatively operable to connect the receiver to the condenser fluidly, simultaneously blocking fluid connections through the conversion device bypass valve to the heat exchanger. 12. The waste heat recovery system of claim 9, wherein the conversion device bypass valve is alternatively operable to connect the heat exchanger to the condenser, simultaneously blocking fluid connections through the conversion device bypass valve to the receiver. 13. The waste heat recovery system of claim 9, wherein the heat exchanger receives exhaust gas from an exhaust gas recirculating system. 14. The waste heat recovery system of claim 9, further including a control module, wherein the control module monitors the liquid working fluid level in the sub-cooler and commands the conversion device bypass valve to be in the position that fluidly connects the heat exchanger to the receiver when the level of the liquid working fluid in the sub-cooler is less than a level established by a process stored within the control module. 15. The waste heat recovery system of claim 9, further including a control module, wherein the control module monitors the temperature and pressure of the liquid working fluid flowing to the pump and wherein when the pressure of the liquid working fluid flowing to the pump is less than a fluid saturation pressure determined by the temperature of the liquid working fluid flowing to the pump the control module commands the conversion device bypass valve to move to a position that fluidly connects the heat exchanger to the receiver. 16. A valve configuration for a Rankine cycle waste heat recovery system, the valve configuration comprising: a heat exchanger, wherein the heat exchanger is a source of vaporized working fluid;a condenser;a sub-cooler fluidly connected to the condenser;a receiver fluidly connected to the sub-cooler; anda valve;wherein the valve has a first position such that the valve fluidly connects the receiver to the condenser;wherein the valve has a second position such that the valve fluidly connects the heat exchanger to the receiver; andwherein the valve has a third position such that the valve fluidly connects the heat exchanger to the condenser. 17. The valve configuration of claim 16, wherein the heat exchanger receives an exhaust gas from an exhaust gas recirculation system. 18. The valve configuration of claim 16, wherein the receiver contains a liquid working fluid and wherein when the valve is in the second position, the valve directs vaporized working fluid to the receiver, forcing liquid working fluid contained within the receiver through a conduit into the sub-cooler. 19. The valve configuration of claim 16, wherein the receiver has a physical location that is lower than the position of the sub-cooler. 20. A waste heat management system, comprising: a sub-cooler containing a liquid working fluid, wherein the liquid working fluid in the sub-cooler has a first level;a receiver fluidly connected to the sub-cooler and containing the liquid working fluid, wherein the liquid working fluid in the receiver has a second level; anda valve fluidly connected to the receiver;wherein the first level is higher than the second level; andwherein the valve is selectively operable to deliver vaporized working fluid to the receiver to apply pressure to the liquid working fluid in the receiver to force the liquid working fluid in the receiver to flow into the sub-cooler. 21. The waste heat management system of claim 20, further comprising a heat exchanger, wherein the pressure is from vaporized working fluid received from the heat exchanger. 22. A method of controlling fluid flow through a waste heat recovery system, the method comprising: generating vaporized fluid in a working fluid circuit from a liquid working fluid located in the working fluid circuit, wherein the liquid working fluid has a level;providing the vaporized fluid to a working fluid management circuit connected in parallel to the working fluid circuit;determining that the level of the liquid working fluid in the working fluid circuit is different from an operationally desirable level;allowing the vaporized fluid to flow through the working fluid management circuit to force liquid working fluid in the working fluid management circuit to flow from the working fluid management circuit into the working fluid circuit, to change the level of the liquid working fluid in the working fluid circuit; andterminating the flow of vaporized fluid through the working fluid management circuit when the liquid working fluid in the working fluid circuit has reached an operationally desirable level. 23. The method of claim 22, wherein the working fluid management circuit includes a receiver and wherein the working fluid circuit includes a condenser and a sub-cooler, and the liquid working fluid moves between the receiver and the condenser, and the sub-cooler. 24. The method of claim 23, wherein the receiver is positioned so that the maximum level of the liquid working fluid in the receiver is lower than minimum level of the liquid working fluid in the condenser and the sub-cooler. 25. The method of claim 24, wherein the receiver is physically positioned lower than the condenser and the sub-cooler. 26. The method of claim 22, wherein the vaporized fluid is selectively applied to the working fluid management circuit by a valve.
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