Method for controlling a gas turbine in a power station, and a power station for carrying out the method
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
F02C-009/00
F02C-009/20
F02C-009/28
F02C-009/54
F02C-009/22
출원번호
US-0875705
(2010-09-03)
등록번호
US-8826670
(2014-09-09)
우선권정보
CH-0321/08 (2008-03-05)
발명자
/ 주소
Hoffmann, Jürgen
Daxer, Johann Josef
Wippel, Bernhard
Liedtke, Klaus-Dieter
출원인 / 주소
Alstom Technology Ltd
대리인 / 주소
Buchanan Ingersoll & Rooney PC
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
1인용 특허 :
15
초록▼
A method is provided for operating a gas turbine in a power station in which limits of the operating concept, which provide limits for optimization of the power station operation in respect of efficiency, service life consumption, emissions and power provision to the grid system, are adapted during
A method is provided for operating a gas turbine in a power station in which limits of the operating concept, which provide limits for optimization of the power station operation in respect of efficiency, service life consumption, emissions and power provision to the grid system, are adapted during operation. In particular, temperature limits and compressor inlet guide vane position limits are varied as a function of the optimization aims. A gas turbine power station is also provided for carrying out the method.
대표청구항▼
1. A method for controlling a gas turbine in a power station while operating under normal continuous load operation, comprising at least one compressor with at least one variable row of inlet guide vanes, at least one combustion chamber and at least one turbine, wherein a turbine inlet temperature,
1. A method for controlling a gas turbine in a power station while operating under normal continuous load operation, comprising at least one compressor with at least one variable row of inlet guide vanes, at least one combustion chamber and at least one turbine, wherein a turbine inlet temperature, a turbine outlet temperature and a pitch angle of at least one row of compressor inlet guide vanes, are controlled by a controller within a set of limits, the method comprising: increasing and decreasing a protection relevant limit comprising one of the turbine inlet temperature, turbine outlet temperature, and a limit for the angle of at least one row of compressor inlet guide vanes relative to a standard design value within which the controller automatically operates the gas turbine during operation of the power station under normal continuous load operation, the increasing and decreasing of the protection relevant limit comprising:manually selecting one of the following settings of operation for the controller as a first selection to control operation of the power station for a first time period: a power optimized operation in which the limit for the angle of at least one row of compressor inlet guide vanes is increased relative to a standard design limit to increase power output of the power station,an efficiency optimized operation in which the limit for the angle of at least one row of compressor inlet guide vanes is reduced relative to a standard design limit to increase efficiency of operation of the power station,a life optimized operation in which the limit for the turbine inlet temperature full load and for the turbine inlet temperature part load are reduced relative to a standard design limit to increase the life of the power station,a NOx-optimized operation in which the limit for the turbine inlet temperature full load is reduced relative to a standard design limit to reduce NOx emissions of the power station, anda CO-optimized operation in which the limit for the turbine inlet temperature part load is increased relative to a standard design limit to reduce CO emissions of the power station;after the first selection of settings of operation for the controller is selected, increasing or decreasing the at least one protection relevant limit by manually selecting one of the other settings that is not the setting of the first selection to select a new setting of operation for the controller as a second selection to control operation of the power station for a second time period. 2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least one full load limit of a pitch angle of the at least one variable row of inlet guide vanes of the compressor is varied. 3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein a full load limit of the pitch angle of the at least one variable row of inlet guide vanes of the compressor is varied between a maximum limit, which is defined by a surge limit reduced by a safety margin, and a minimum limit, at which a greatest full load efficiency is reached. 4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least one full load limit of the turbine inlet temperature and/or at least one part load limit of the turbine inlet temperature are/is varied. 5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least one part load limit of a turbine outlet temperature is varied. 6. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least one full load limit of a turbine inlet temperature and/or a part load limit of the turbine inlet temperature and/or at least one part load limit of the turbine outlet temperature are/is reduced with respect to a standard design limit, in order to increase service life. 7. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least one part load limit of a turbine inlet temperature and at least one part load limit of a turbine outlet temperature are increased with respect to a standard design limit, in order to reduce CO emissions. 8. The method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising varying at least one cooling air temperature limit of a cooling air mass flow, wherein the cooling air mass flow is tapped off from the at least one compressor to cool life critical hot gas parts of the gas turbine. 9. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least one limit for providing power margins with respect to a grid system is varied. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the increasing and decreasing of the at least one protection relevant limit also comprises: after the second selection of settings of operation for the controller is selected, increasing or decreasing the at least one protection relevant limit by selecting one of the other settings that is not the setting of the second selection to select a new setting of operation for the controller as a third selection to control operation of the power station for a third time period. 11. The method of claim 10 wherein the second selection to control operation of the power station for the second time period and the third selection to control operation of the power station for a third time period are effected via input manually provided to a person machine interface of the controller, and the method comprising: varying at least one cooling air temperature limit of a cooling air mass flow wherein the cooling air mass flow is tapped off from the at least one compressor to cool life critical hot gas parts of the gas turbine. 12. The method of claim 1 wherein the selecting of one of the other settings that is not the setting of the first selection to select a new setting of operation for the controller as the second selection to control operation of the power station for a second time period is effected by manually providing input to a person machine interface for communicating the selecting of one of the other settings to the controller and is selected in response to the load of the power plant reducing to a partial load to avoid efficiency losses resulting from the power station operating at the partial load. 13. The method of claim 1, wherein the efficiency optimized operation in which the limit for the angle of at least one row of compressor inlet guide vanes is reduced relative to the standard design limit is selected; and wherein the selection of the efficiency optimized operation also results in at least one of: a part load limit of the turbine inlet temperature being increased with respect to the standard design limit in order to reduce CO emissions, andat least one part load limit of a turbine outlet temperature being increased with respect to the standard design limit in order to reduce CO emissions. 14. A power station, comprising at least one compressor with at least one variable row of inlet guide vanes, at least one combustion chamber, at least one turbine, and a control system, wherein a protection relevant limit relative to a design value is changeable during operation for matching optimization aims of the power station with respect to at least one of power, efficiency, emissions and service life consumption, wherein a controller of the control system designed and configured to control a turbine inlet temperature, a turbine outlet temperature and a pitch angle of at least one row of compressor inlet guide vanes and has a person machine interface for selection of an optimization aim comprising increasing and decreasing a protection relevant limit relative to a standard design value within which the controller automatically operates the gas turbine for one of the turbine inlet temperature, the turbine outlet temperature, and the limit for the angle of at least one row of compressor inlet guide vanes, wherein one of the following settings is manually selectable for adjusting a setting by which the controller operates the turbine under a continuous load: a power optimized operation in which the limit for the angle of at least one row of compressor inlet guide vanes is increased relative to a standard design limit to increase power output affected by operation of the power station,an efficiency optimized operation in which the limit for the angle of at least one row of compressor inlet guide vanes is reduced relative to a standard design limit to increase efficiency of power station operations,a life optimized operation in which the limit for the turbine inlet temperature full load and for the turbine outlet temperature part load are reduced relative to a standard design limit to increase the life of the power station,a NOx-optimized operation in which the limit for the turbine inlet temperature full load is reduced relative to a standard design limit to reduce NOx emissions of the power station, anda CO-optimized operation in which the limit for the turbine inlet temperature part load is increased relative to a standard design limit to reduce CO emissions of the power station; andwherein after one of the settings is firstly chosen for operation of the controller, another one of the settings is manually selectable at a second time to replace the firstly chosen one of the settings so the controller subsequently controls the turbine via the subsequently chosen one of the settings; andwherein the other one of the settings chosen at the second time is replaceable with one of the other settings at a third time. 15. The power station as claimed in claim 14, wherein a minimum cooling air feed pressure ratio, which is dependent on the turbine inlet temperature, is ensured for an entire operating range of pitch angles of the at least one variable row of inlet guide vanes in the compressor, wherein a cooling air mass flow is tapped off from the at least one compressor before the end of the at least one compressor for sending to the gas turbine such that a temperature limit of the cooling air mass flow is changeable to different settings, the cooling air mass flow being sent to the gas turbine to cool life-critical hot gas parts of the gas turbine. 16. The power station as claimed in claim 14, further comprising at least one boiler that follows the at least one gas turbine, and the at least one boiler is designed for all exhaust gas mass flows and exhaust gas temperatures which can occur as a result of the variation of operating limits. 17. The power station as claimed in claim 16, wherein at least one steam turbine is designed to convert to energy a maximum steam mass flow which is produced by the at least one boiler when the operating limits of the gas turbine are varied. 18. The power station as claimed in claim 14, wherein electrical systems are designed for a maximum power produced when operating limits of the gas turbine are varied. 19. The power station as claimed in claim 14, wherein fuel systems are designed for a maximum fuel mass flow required when operating limits of the gas turbine are varied. 20. The power station as claimed in claim 14, wherein selectability of another one of the settings to replace the firstly chosen one of the settings at the second time so the controller subsequently controls the turbine via the subsequently chosen one of the settings is effected via manually entered input provided to the person machine interface by a person responsible for operation of the gas turbine.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (15)
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Philip L. Andrew ; Chung-hei Yeung ; Joseph A. Cotroneo ; John David Stampfli, Method of air-flow measurement and active operating limit line management for compressor surge avoidance.
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