초록 ▼

Embodiments disclosed herein can introduce low amounts of gas in a liquid with fast response time and low variation in concentration. In one embodiment, a gas is directed into an inlet on a gas contacting side of a porous element of a contactor and a liquid is directed into an inlet on a liquid cont

Embodiments disclosed herein can introduce low amounts of gas in a liquid with fast response time and low variation in concentration. In one embodiment, a gas is directed into an inlet on a gas contacting side of a porous element of a contactor and a liquid is directed into an inlet on a liquid contacting side of the porous element of the contactor. The liquid contacting side and the gas contacting side are separated by the porous element and a housing. The gas is removed from an outlet on the gas contacting side of the porous element at a reduced pressure compared to the pressure of the gas flowing into the inlet of the contactor. A liquid containing a portion of the gas transferred into the liquid is removed from an outlet on the liquid contacting side of the porous element, producing a dilute bubble free solution.

대표청구항 ▼

1. A gasification system, comprising: a membrane contactor having a gas contacting side with a gas inlet and a gas outlet, a liquid contacting side with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, and a porous element, wherein a feed gas is directed under a first pressure to the gas contacting side of the m

1. A gasification system, comprising: a membrane contactor having a gas contacting side with a gas inlet and a gas outlet, a liquid contacting side with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, and a porous element, wherein a feed gas is directed under a first pressure to the gas contacting side of the membrane contactor via the gas inlet, wherein a feed liquid is directed to the liquid contacting side of the membrane contactor via the liquid inlet;a gas flow controller fluidly connected to the gas inlet of the membrane contactor for controlling a gas flow rate of the feed gas;a liquid flow controller fluidly connected to the liquid contacting side of the membrane contactor for controlling a liquid flow rate of the feed liquid;a reduced pressure device fluidly connected to the gas outlet of the membrane contactor for reducing the first pressure on the gas contacting side of the membrane contactor to a second pressure, wherein the porous element prevents the feed liquid from entering the gas contacting side of the membrane contactor, wherein the porous element allows an amount of the feed gas to pass through and dissolve into the feed liquid to produce a gasified liquid;a conductivity sensor connected to the liquid outlet of the membrane contactor;a pressure sensor connected to the qas outlet of the membrane contactor; andone or more controllers capable of: receiving one or more input signals from the qas flow controller, the liquid flow controller, the reduced pressure device, the conductivity sensor, the pressure sensor, or a combination thereof;comparing the one or more input signals with corresponding setpoint values;determining a setpoint conductivity for the gasified liquid; andgenerating one or more output signals to change the first pressure, the gas flow rate of the feed qas, the liquid flow rate of the feed liquid, or a combination thereof to maintain a level of conductivity in the gasified liquid within a ranqe of the setpoint conductivity. 2. The gasification system of claim 1, wherein the one or more controllers are capable of generating one or more output signals to change the first pressure, the gas flow rate of the feed qas, the liquid flow rate of the feed liquid, or a combination thereof to maintain a level of conductivity in the gasified liquid within a range of about 15%, 10%, 5%, or 3% of the setpoint conductivity. 3. The gasification system of claim 1, wherein the reduced pressure device is capable of reducing the first pressure on the qas contacting side of the membrane contactor to a second pressure of about 40 kPa or less. 4. The gasification system of claim 1, further comprising a condensation trap with vacuum isolation valves positioned between the reduced pressure device and the membrane contactor. 5. The gasification system of claim 1, wherein the feed gas comprises carbon dioxide, further comprising a gas source fluidly connected to a mass flow controller for providing the carbon dioxide to the membrane contactor through the mass flow controller, a carbon dioxide control valve positioned between the gas source and the mass flow controller, at least one controller coupled to the mass flow controller, a nitrogen control valve positioned between the at least one controller and the membrane contactor, and a nitrogen source fluidly connected to the membrane contactor, wherein the carbon dioxide control valve is closed whenever the nitrogen control valve is open. 6. A gasification system, comprising: a contactor having a gas contacting side, a liquid contacting side, and a porous element;a gas source fluidly connected to the contactor for providing a feed gas to the contactor;a liquid source fluidly connected to the contactor for providing a feed liquid to the contactor;a liquid outlet fluidly connected to the liquid contacting side of the contactor for providing a gasified liquid produced by the gasification system;a gas flow controller fluidly connected to the gas source and the contactor for controlling a gas flow rate of the feed gas;a liquid flow controller fluidly connected to the liquid source and the contactor for controlling a liquid flow rate of the feed liquid;a liquid outlet fluidly connected to the liquid contacting side of the contactor for providing a gasified liquid produced by the gasification system;a conductivity sensor connected to the liquid outlet of the membrane contactor;a venturi vacuum source fluidly connected to the gas contacting side of the contactor; andat least one logic controller communicatively coupled to the gas flow controller, the liquid flow controller, the conductivity sensor and the venturi vacuum source for maintaining the conductivity of the gasified liquid within a predetermined range of a setpoint value. 7. The gasification system of claim 6, wherein the at least one logic controller is capable of combining feedback control with feed-forward control. 8. The gasification system of claim 6, wherein the vacuum source is capable of removing gas exhaust and liquid condensate from the contactor. 9. A gasification system, comprising: a membrane contactor having a gas contacting side with a gas inlet and a gas outlet, a liquid contacting side with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, and a porous element, wherein a feed gas is directed under a first pressure to the gas contacting side of the membrane contactor via the gas inlet, wherein a feed liquid is directed to the liquid contacting side of the membrane contactor via the liquid inlet;a reduced pressure device fluidly connected to the gas outlet of the membrane contactor for reducing the first pressure on the gas contacting side of the membrane contactor to a second pressure, wherein the porous element prevents the feed liquid from entering the gas contacting side of the membrane contactor, wherein the porous element allows an amount of the feed gas to pass through and dissolve into the feed liquid to produce a gasified liquid; andone or more controllers capable of: receiving one or more input signals from a gas flow controller, a liquid flow controller, a reduced pressure device, a conductivity sensor or conccntration monitor, a pressure sensor, or a combination thereof;comparing the one or more input signals with corresponding setpoint values;determining a setpoint conductivity for the gasified liquid; andgenerating one or more output signals to change the first pressure, the gas flow rate of the feed gas, the liquid flow rate of the feed liquid, or a combination thereof to maintain a level of conductivity in the gasified liquid within a range of the setpoint conductivity. 10. The gasification system of claim 9, further comprising a gas flow controller fluidly connected to the gas inlet of the membrane contactor for controlling a gas flow rate of the feed gas. 11. The gasification system of claim 9, further comprising a liquid flow controller fluidly connected to the liquid contacting side of the membrane contactor for controlling a liquid flow rate of the feed liquid.