Load reduction system and method for a wind power unit
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
F03D-009/00
H02P-009/04
출원번호
US-0746123
(2013-01-21)
등록번호
US-8890349
(2014-11-18)
발명자
/ 주소
Lynch, Jonathan A.
Bywaters, Garrett L.
출원인 / 주소
Northern Power Systems, Inc.
대리인 / 주소
Downs Rachlin Martin PLLC
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
1인용 특허 :
16
초록
A wind power unit control system that dynamically corrects for yaw angle error based on sensed conditions and switches operation of the wind power unit to a correct operating mode based on its current operational state and the sensed conditions.
대표청구항▼
1. A method for controlling a wind power unit, having a support structure and a control system comprising: controlling the wind power unit to operate in a current operating mode, said current operating mode being one of a plurality of operating modes wherein said plurality of operating modes compris
1. A method for controlling a wind power unit, having a support structure and a control system comprising: controlling the wind power unit to operate in a current operating mode, said current operating mode being one of a plurality of operating modes wherein said plurality of operating modes comprises a normal operation mode and a shutdown mode, said current operating mode being selected by the control system in response to sensed parameters indicative of wind power unit state;sensing said parameters with a plurality of sensors;determining a correct operating mode corresponding to one of said plurality of operating modes based on said sensed parameters; andswitching the wind power unit to the correct operating mode when said correct operating mode varies from the current operating mode,wherein the parameters comprise wind speed and yaw angle error and said determining comprises comparing the yaw angle error and wind speed to predetermined set values corresponding to at least one of said operating modes. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the yaw angle error is directly sensed. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the yaw angle error is calculated based on sensed wind direction and wind power unit orientation. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein said switching to the correct operating mode comprises switching from the normal operation mode to the shutdown mode. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein said switching comprises pitching the wind power unit blades to one of a feathered position or a stall position. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein said pitching comprises pitching the wind power unit blades at a rate of about 1 to 4 degrees per second. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein said rotor torque is 50-110% of a rated output torque for the wind power unit. 8. The method of claim 4, wherein said switching further comprises switching from the shutdown mode to the normal operation mode. 9. The method of claim 4, wherein said plurality of operating modes further comprises a reduced load mode and, when said current operating mode is the normal operation mode and said correct operating mode is the reduced load mode, said switching comprises applying a rotor torque to slow the wind power unit rotor. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein said switching to the reduced load mode further comprises pitching the wind power unit blades to a lower load orientation. 11. The method of claim 9, wherein said switching further comprises changing at least one of turbine power or speed limit settings to a reduced value as compared to normal operation. 12. A method for controlling a wind power unit, comprising: operating the wind power unit in a current operating mode selected from a plurality of operating modes comprising a normal operation mode and a shutdown mode;sensing parameters indicative of the wind power unit state;determining a correct operating mode corresponding to one of said plurality of operating modes based on said sensed parameters;switching the wind power unit to the correct operating mode when said correct operating mode varies from the current operating mode; anddesignating the correct operating mode as the current operating mode,wherein said parameters comprise wind speed and yaw angle error and said determining comprises: comparing said parameters to predetermined values corresponding to selectable operating modes; andselecting the correct operating mode based on said comparison. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein said operating modes further comprise a reduced load mode. 14. The method of claim 12, wherein said parameters comprise a further parameter based on at least one of wind power unit orientation, strain or stress in a wind power component, loading in a wind power unit component, or change in yaw angle error; and said comparing includes comparing said further parameter to predetermined values corresponding to selectable operating modes. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein said loading is determined based on sensed wind direction and wind speed. 16. The method of claim 14, wherein said loading comprises at least one of blade or blade hub loading, wind unit tower loading, or wind power unit base loading. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein said loading is calculated based on said strain or stress parameter sensed in the corresponding wind power unit component. 18. The method of claim 12, wherein said yaw angle error is calculated as a function of average wind direction and wind power unit orientation as sensed over a time interval. 19. The method of claim 12, wherein, when the current operating mode comprises the normal operation mode and the correct operating mode comprises the shutdown mode, said switching comprises pitching the wind power unit blades toward a no load position. 20. The method of claim 19, wherein said pitching occurs at a rate of less than 30% of a maximum wind power unit pitch change rate. 21. The method of claim 19, wherein the no load position comprises a feathered blade position or a stalled blade position. 22. The method of claim 19, wherein said switching further comprises applying a rotor torque to the wind power unit shaft as a function of a current shaft rotational speed, said rotor torque being in a range of 50-110% of a rated output torque for the wind power unit. 23. The method of claim 22, wherein said switching further comprises applying a rotor brake. 24. The method of claim 12, wherein the shutdown mode comprises sequentially pitching the blades toward a no load position, and applying a rotor torque to the wind power unit shaft to at least slow the rotor. 25. The method of claim 24, wherein the shutdown mode further comprises applying a rotor brake to slow and stop the rotor. 26. The method of claim 13, wherein said reduced load mode comprises sequentially lowering wind power unit power and speed settings and applying a rotor torque to the wind power unit shaft to slow the rotor while maintaining a reduced level of power generation for the wind power unit. 27. A wind power unit control system, comprising: a wind speed sensor for providing a first value representative of a wind speed;at least a second sensor for determining a second value representative of the yaw angle error; anda control unit receiving inputs from said sensors and including a processor and a memory containing a set of instructions for controlling the wind power unit, wherein said set of instructions direct said processor to: control the wind power unit to operate in a current operating mode, said current operating mode being one of a plurality of operating modes wherein said plurality of operating modes comprises a normal operation mode and a shutdown mode, said mode being selected by said control system in response to sensed parameters indicative of the wind power unit state;determine a correct operating mode corresponding to one of said plurality of operating modes based on said first and second values; andswitch the wind power unit to said correct operating mode when said correct operating mode varies from said current operating mode,wherein said set of instructions comprise instructions for comparing said parameters to limit values stored in memory corresponding to selectable operating modes and to select the correct operating mode based on said comparing. 28. The system of claim 27, wherein, when the current operating mode corresponds to the normal operation mode and the correct operating mode determined by the processor is the shutdown mode, said instructions to switch comprise instructions to pitch the wind power unit blades toward a no load position and to apply a rotor torque to the wind power unit shaft to at least slow the rotor. 29. The system of claim 28, wherein said instructions to switch further comprise instructions to apply a rotor brake to slow and stop the rotor. 30. The system of claim 27, wherein said plurality of operating modes further comprises a reduced load mode. 31. The system of claim 30, wherein each said operating mode corresponds to a program module containing instructions for executing said operating mode. 32. The system of claim 31, wherein: the shutdown mode program module comprises instructions for transitioning the wind power unit to a minimum load state from each other operating mode; andthe reduced load mode program module comprises instructions for transitioning the wind power unit to a reduced power generation state from each other operating mode. 33. The system of claim 30, wherein said instructions to switch to the reduced load mode comprise instructions to change wind power unit power and speed settings to values below rated value, and instructions to apply a rotor torque to slow the rotor while maintaining a reduced level of power generation at said changed settings. 34. The system of claim 27, further comprising at least one of a wind power orientation sensor, strain gauge on a wind power unit component, and a tower motion sensor communicating with said control unit and providing at least one additional value indicative of wind power unit state. 35. The system of claim 34, wherein said parameters comprise a further parameter based on at least one of wind power unit orientation, strain or stress in a wind power component, loading in a wind power unit component, or change in yaw angle error; and said instructions to compare include instructions to compare said further parameter to corresponding limit values stored in memory.
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