IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
|
국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
|
출원번호 |
US-0602915
(2008-05-08)
|
등록번호 |
US-8922086
(2014-12-30)
|
우선권정보 |
DE-10 2007 025 971 (2007-06-04) |
국제출원번호 |
PCT/EP2008/055672
(2008-05-08)
|
§371/§102 date |
20100416
(20100416)
|
국제공개번호 |
WO2008/148621
(2008-12-11)
|
발명자
/ 주소 |
|
출원인 / 주소 |
|
대리인 / 주소 |
|
인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
4 인용 특허 :
20 |
초록
▼
A synchronous electric machine having a fixed stator, a multi-phase stator winding and having a rotor which has poles, excited in a predefined sequence, over its circumference, the number of poles being changeable as a function of the intensity and the direction of a field current in at least one fi
A synchronous electric machine having a fixed stator, a multi-phase stator winding and having a rotor which has poles, excited in a predefined sequence, over its circumference, the number of poles being changeable as a function of the intensity and the direction of a field current in at least one field coil of the rotor. For improving the efficiency of the machine and for reducing the number of field coils and the entire coil cross section it is provided that the rotor has a laminated core, laminated in the axial direction, which has grooves on the circumference for accommodating the at least one field coil and that the at least one field coil is situated on the circumference of the rotor with a step size which corresponds to the pole pitch of the lower number of poles.
대표청구항
▼
1. An electric machine, comprising: a fixed stator, which carries a multi-phase stator winding;a rotor, which cooperates with the stator via an operating air gap, and which has multiple poles over its circumference in a predefined sequence which are excited by permanent magnets and by at least one f
1. An electric machine, comprising: a fixed stator, which carries a multi-phase stator winding;a rotor, which cooperates with the stator via an operating air gap, and which has multiple poles over its circumference in a predefined sequence which are excited by permanent magnets and by at least one field coil;wherein the number of poles of the rotor is changeable as a function of an intensity and a direction of a field current in the at least one field coil, wherein the rotor has a core which is a laminated core laminated in the axial direction which is provided with grooves on its circumference for accommodating the at least one field coil and the at least one field coil, having a step size which corresponds to a pole pitch of the lower number of poles, is situated on the circumference of the rotor,wherein winding overhangs of the at least one field coil pass by below at least one radially magnetized permanent magnet situated on the rotor circumference, on the faces of the laminated core in a chord-like manner, andwherein the rotor has only one field coil, inserted into grooves diametrically opposite one another, which is wound around a rotor shaft split at the winding overhangs and cooperates with at least two permanent magnets situated between the grooves on the rotor circumference diametrically opposite one another. 2. The electric machine of claim 1, wherein the electric machine is a multi-phase a.c. generator for a motor vehicle, and wherein the output voltage of the stator winding is regulatable as a function of load and temperature between a permissible maximum value and a minimum value by changing the intensity and the direction of the field current in the field coil. 3. The electric machine of claim 1, wherein two permanent magnets of alternating polarity are offset by 90° with respect to the two grooves of the field coil. 4. The electric machine of claim 3, wherein four permanent magnets are situated on the rotor circumference, two magnets of the same radial polarity between the grooves being approximately equidistant to one another and to the grooves. 5. The electric machine of claim 3, wherein six permanent magnets are situated on the rotor circumference, three magnets of the same radial polarity between the grooves being approximately equidistant to one another and to the grooves. 6. The electric machine of claim 1, wherein there are four permanent magnets that have a circumferential distance to the adjacent grooves which corresponds to the circumferential width of the magnets so that, at an appropriate field current in the field coils, the magnet poles on the rotor circumference are changeable from a higher number of poles to a lower number of poles. 7. The electric machine of claim 1, wherein the number of poles of the multi-phase stator winding corresponds to the higher number of poles of the changeable rotor. 8. The electric machine of claim 1, wherein the stator winding has a three-phase configuration and is connected to the input of a bridge rectifier via a star or delta connection. 9. The electric machine of claim 8, wherein the output of the bridge rectifier is connected to a regulator whose output is connected to the at least one field coil of the rotor, the regulator being able to change the intensity and the direction of the field current as a function of the output voltage across the bridge rectifier. 10. The electric machine of claim 1, wherein the stator winding has a five-phase configuration and is connected to the input of a bridge rectifier via one of a star connection, a ring connection, and a star-series connection. 11. The electric machine of claim 1, wherein the stator winding has a six-phase configuration and is connected to the input of a bridge rectifier via one of a double star connection and a double delta connection. 12. The electric machine of claim 1, wherein a fan is situated on each of the two faces of the rotor's laminated core. 13. The electric machine of claim 1, wherein winding overhangs of the at least one field coil pass by below at least one radially magnetized permanent magnet situated on the rotor circumference, on the faces of the laminated core in a chord-like manner. 14. The electric machine of claim 1, wherein, in normal operation of the machine, the rotor has a higher number of poles, the intensity and the direction of the field current in the at least one field coil being selected so that, in cooperation with the permanent magnets, poles having approximately the same intensity and alternating polarity appear on the rotor circumference. 15. An electric machine, comprising: a fixed stator, which carries a multi-phase stator winding; anda rotor, which cooperates with the stator via an operating air gap and which has multiple poles over its circumference in a predefined sequence which are electrically excited by permanent magnets and by at least one field coil;wherein the number of poles of the rotor is changeable as a function of an intensity and a direction of a field current in the at least one field coil, wherein the rotor has a core which is a laminated core laminated in the axial direction which is provided with grooves on its circumference for accommodating the at least one field coil and the at least one field coil, having a step size which corresponds to a pole pitch of the lower number of poles, is situated on the circumference of the rotor, andwherein the rotor has only one field coil, inserted into grooves diametrically opposite one another, which is wound around a rotor shaft split at the winding overhangs and cooperates with at least two permanent magnets situated between the grooves on the rotor circumference diametrically opposite one another. 16. The electric machine of claim 15, wherein two permanent magnets of alternating polarity are offset by 90° with respect to the two grooves of the field coil. 17. The electric machine of claim 16, wherein four permanent magnets are situated on the rotor circumference, two magnets of the same radial polarity between the grooves being approximately equidistant to one another and to the grooves. 18. The electric machine of claim 16, wherein six permanent magnets are situated on the rotor circumference, three magnets of the same radial polarity between the grooves being approximately equidistant to one another and to the grooves. 19. The electric machine of claim 15, wherein the number of poles of the multi-phase stator winding corresponds to the higher number of poles of the changeable rotor. 20. The electric machine of claim 15, wherein winding overhangs of the at least one field coil pass by below at least one radially magnetized permanent magnet situated on the rotor circumference, on the faces of the laminated core in a chord-like manner. 21. The electric machine of claim 15, wherein there are four permanent magnets having a circumferential distance to the adjacent grooves which corresponds to the circumferential width of the magnets, so that, at an appropriate field current in the field coils, the magnet poles on the rotor circumference are changeable from a higher number of poles to a lower number of poles. 22. The electric machine of claim 15, wherein the number of poles of the multi-phase stator winding corresponds to the higher number of poles of the changeable rotor. 23. The electric machine of claim 15, wherein the stator winding has a three-phase configuration and is connected to the input of a bridge rectifier via a star or delta connection. 24. The electric machine of claim 15, wherein the stator winding has a five-phase configuration and is connected to the input of a bridge rectifier via one of a star connection, a ring connection, and a star-series connection. 25. The electric machine of claim 15, wherein the stator winding has a six-phase configuration and is connected to the input of a bridge rectifier via one of a double star connection and a double delta connection. 26. The electric machine of claim 15, wherein the output of the bridge rectifier is connected to a regulator whose output is connected to the at least one field coil of the rotor, the regulator being able to change the intensity and the direction of the field current as a function of the output voltage across the bridge rectifier. 27. The electric machine of claim 15, wherein a fan is situated on each of the two faces of the rotor's laminated core. 28. An electric machine, comprising: a fixed stator, which carries a multi-phase stator winding;a rotor, which cooperates with the stator via an operating air gap, and which has multiple poles over its circumference in a predefined sequence which are excited by permanent magnets and by at least one field coil;wherein the number of poles of the rotor is changeable as a function of an intensity and a direction of a field current in the at least one field coil, wherein the rotor has a core which is a laminated core laminated in the axial direction which is provided with grooves on its circumference for accommodating the at least one field coil, and the at least one field coil having a step size which corresponds to a pole pitch of the lower number of poles, is situated on the circumference of the rotor,wherein in normal operation of the machine, the rotor has a higher number of poles, the intensity and the direction of the field current in the at least one field coil being selected so that, in cooperation with the permanent magnets, poles having approximately the same intensity and alternating polarity appear on the rotor circumference,wherein the number of poles of the multi-phase stator winding corresponds to the higher number of poles of the changeable rotor, andwherein the rotor has only one field coil, inserted into grooves diametrically opposite one another, which is wound around a rotor shaft split at the winding overhangs and cooperates with at least two permanent magnets situated between the grooves on the rotor circumference diametrically opposite one another. 29. The electric machine of claim 28, wherein two permanent magnets of alternating polarity are offset by 90° with respect to the two grooves of the field coil. 30. The electric machine of claim 29, wherein four permanent magnets are situated on the rotor circumference, two magnets of the same radial polarity between the grooves being approximately equidistant to one another and to the grooves. 31. The electric machine of claim 29, wherein six permanent magnets are situated on the rotor circumference, three magnets of the same radial polarity between the grooves being approximately equidistant to one another and to the grooves.
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