IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
|
국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
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출원번호 |
US-0193542
(2014-02-28)
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등록번호 |
US-9002628
(2015-04-07)
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발명자
/ 주소 |
- Wilder, Bruce Gary
- Wilke, Otto Charles
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출원인 / 주소 |
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대리인 / 주소 |
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인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
0 인용 특허 :
10 |
초록
▼
An apparatus comprising a memory and a processor coupled to the memory, wherein the processor is configured to receive holding instructions for an aircraft, wherein the holding instructions comprise a holding fix, a holding direction, and an inbound leg course, obtain an airspeed for the aircraft, o
An apparatus comprising a memory and a processor coupled to the memory, wherein the processor is configured to receive holding instructions for an aircraft, wherein the holding instructions comprise a holding fix, a holding direction, and an inbound leg course, obtain an airspeed for the aircraft, obtain a wind speed and a wind direction affecting the aircraft, calculate a holding pattern for the aircraft using the holding instructions, the wind speed, the wind direction, an inbound leg duration, and the airspeed, obtain Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) protected airspace limits associated with the holding fix, and present the holding pattern and the FAA protected airspace limits to a flight crew member on the aircraft.
대표청구항
▼
1. An apparatus comprising: a memory; anda processor coupled to the memory and configured to provide automated guidance for an aircraft by implementing the following steps: receive holding instructions for the aircraft, wherein the holding instructions comprise a holding fix, a holding direction, an
1. An apparatus comprising: a memory; anda processor coupled to the memory and configured to provide automated guidance for an aircraft by implementing the following steps: receive holding instructions for the aircraft, wherein the holding instructions comprise a holding fix, a holding direction, and an inbound leg course;obtain an airspeed for the aircraft;obtain a wind speed and a wind direction affecting the aircraft;calculate a holding pattern for the aircraft using the holding instructions, the wind speed, the wind direction, an inbound leg duration, and the airspeed;obtain Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) holding pattern protected airspace template limits associated with the holding fix;determine that the holding pattern is not within the FAA holding pattern protected airspace template limits;calculate a different airspeed for the aircraft that will keep the holding pattern within the FAA holding pattern protected airspace template limits;indicate that the airspeed will need to be changed to the different airspeed in order for the aircraft to remain in the FAA holding pattern protected airspace template limits; andpresent the holding pattern and the FAA holding pattern protected airspace template limits to a flight crew member on the aircraft. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processor is configured to present the holding pattern and the FAA holding pattern protected airspace template limits to the flight crew member prior to the aircraft arriving at the holding fix. 3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the memory and processor are part of a flight management system (FMS), and wherein the apparatus further comprises an airframe attached to the FMS, at least one engine attached to the airframe, and an avionics system attached to the airframe and the FMS. 4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to: receive one or more updated parameters that affect the holding pattern, wherein the updated parameters comprise a change in the holding instructions, a change in wind speed, a change in wind direction, or combinations thereof; andrecalculate the holding pattern for the aircraft using the updated parameters; andverifies that the recalculated holding pattern will keep the holding pattern within the FAA holding pattern protected airspace template limits,wherein the holding pattern presented to the flight crew member comprises the holding pattern that is recalculated using the updated parameters. 5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein calculating the different airspeed for the aircraft that will keep the holding pattern within the FAA holding pattern protected airspace template limits comprises recalculating the holding pattern for the aircraft using the holding instructions, the wind speed, the wind direction, the inbound leg duration, and the different airspeed, wherein indicating that the airspeed will need to be changed to the different airspeed in order for the aircraft to remain in the FAA holding pattern protected airspace template limits comprises instructing the flight crew to change the airspeed to the different airspeed, and wherein the holding pattern presented to the flight crew member comprises the holding pattern that is recalculated using the different airspeed. 6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein calculating the different airspeed for the aircraft that will keep the holding pattern within the FAA holding pattern protected airspace template limits comprises recalculating the holding pattern for the aircraft using the holding instructions, the wind speed, the wind direction, the inbound leg duration, and the different airspeed, wherein indicating that the airspeed will need to be changed to the different airspeed in order for the aircraft to remain in the FAA holding pattern protected airspace template limits comprises instructing the aircraft to change the airspeed to the different airspeed, and wherein the holding pattern presented to the flight crew member comprises the holding pattern that is recalculated using the different airspeed. 7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the different airspeed is between a minimum hold speed for the aircraft and a maximum hold speed for the aircraft, and wherein the processor is further configured to: change the holding pattern from a racetrack-style holding pattern to a figure-eight holding pattern when the different airspeed will not keep the holding pattern within the FAA holding pattern protected airspace template limits; andcalculate the figure-eight holding pattern for the aircraft using the holding instructions, the wind speed, the wind direction, and the inbound leg duration, andwherein the holding pattern presented to the flight crew member comprises the holding pattern that is recalculated using the different airspeed. 8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to provide instructions to an autopilot or flight director to fly the aircraft in the holding pattern. 9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the holding pattern and the FAA holding pattern protected airspace template limits are graphically presented to the flight crew member on the aircraft, and wherein no part of the holding pattern is coincident with the FAA holding pattern protected airspace template limits. 10. An apparatus comprising: a memory; anda processor coupled to the memory and configured to provide guidance for an aircraft by implementing the following steps: receiving holding instructions for the aircraft, wherein the holding instructions comprise a holding fix, a holding direction, and an inbound leg course;obtaining an airspeed for the aircraft;obtaining a wind speed and a wind direction affecting the aircraft;calculating a holding pattern for the aircraft using the holding instructions, the wind speed, the wind direction, an inbound leg duration, and the airspeed;obtaining Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) holding pattern protected airspace template limits associated with the holding fix; andpresenting the holding pattern and the FAA holding pattern protected airspace template limits to a flight crew member on the aircraft,wherein the holding pattern comprises an inbound leg, an outbound turn, an outbound leg, and an inbound turn, and wherein the processor, in being configured to calculate the holding pattern for the aircraft, is configured to: calculate an inbound leg starting point using the inbound leg course, the inbound leg duration, and the airspeed;calculate a curved path trajectory for the aircraft using the airspeed, the wind speed, the wind direction, and a rate-of-turn for the aircraft, wherein the curved path trajectory is a path the aircraft will fly when the aircraft turns at the rate-of-turn and at the airspeed when the aircraft is subjected to the wind speed and the wind direction, and wherein the curved path trajectory comprises an outbound turn portion and an inbound turn portion;orient at least part of the outbound turn portion on the holding fix at the holding fix such that the inbound leg course is tangent to the outbound turn portion at the holding fix;orient at least part of the inbound turn portion on the inbound leg starting point such that the inbound leg course is tangent to the inbound turn portion at the holding fix; anddetermine the outbound leg for the holding pattern, wherein the outbound leg is a line that is tangent to both the outbound turn portion and the inbound turn portion and is not coincident with the inbound leg. 11. A computer program product comprising computer executable instructions stored on a non-transitory computer readable medium that when executed by a processor causes a flight management system (FMS) to perform the following: receive holding instructions for an aircraft, wherein the holding instructions comprise a holding fix, a holding direction, and an inbound leg course;obtain an airspeed for the aircraft;obtain a wind speed and a wind direction;calculate a holding pattern for the aircraft using the holding instructions, the wind speed, the wind direction, an inbound leg duration, and the airspeed;obtain protected airspace limits associated with the holding fix;determine whether the holding pattern is within the protected airspace limits; andnotify a flight crew member to take corrective action based upon at least part of the holding pattern not being within the protected airspace limits,wherein the holding pattern comprises an inbound leg, an outbound turn, an outbound leg, and an inbound turn, and wherein the computer executable instructions, when executed by the processor, further cause the FMS to: calculate an inbound leg starting point using the inbound leg course, the inbound leg duration, and the airspeed;calculate a curved path trajectory for the aircraft using the airspeed, the wind speed, the wind direction, and a rate-of-turn for the aircraft, wherein the curved path trajectory is a path the aircraft will fly when the aircraft turns at the rate-of-turn and at the airspeed when the aircraft is subjected to the wind speed and the wind direction, and wherein the curved path trajectory comprises an outbound turn portion and an inbound turn portion;calculate the outbound turn portion of the curved path trajectory for the aircraft using the airspeed for the aircraft, the wind speed, the wind direction, and the rate-of-turn for the aircraft, wherein the curved path trajectory is the path the aircraft will fly when the aircraft turns at the rate-of-turn and at the airspeed when the aircraft is subjected to the wind speed and the wind direction, and wherein the outbound turn portion intersects the holding fix such that the inbound leg course is tangent to the outbound turn portion at the holding fix;calculate the inbound turn portion of the curved path trajectory for the aircraft using the airspeed for the aircraft, the wind speed, the wind direction, and the rate-of-turn for the aircraft, wherein the inbound turn portion does not intersect the outbound turn portion, and wherein the inbound turn portion intersects the inbound leg starting point such that the inbound leg course is tangent to the inbound turn portion at the inbound leg starting point; anddetermine the outbound leg for the holding pattern, wherein the outbound leg is a line that is tangent to both the outbound turn portion and the inbound turn portion and is not the same as the inbound leg. 12. The computer program product of claim 11, wherein the computer executable instructions, when executed by the processor, further cause the FMS to: receive one or more updated parameters that affect the holding pattern, wherein the updated parameters comprise a change in the airspeed, a change in the holding instructions, a change in wind speed, a change in wind direction, or combinations thereof; andrecalculate the holding pattern for the aircraft using the updated parameters,wherein the holding pattern presented to the flight crew member comprises the holding pattern that is recalculated using the updated parameters. 13. The computer program product of claim 11, wherein the computer executable instructions, when executed by the processor, further cause the FMS to determine whether a different airspeed will keep the holding pattern within the protected airspace limits when at least part of the calculated holding pattern is not within the protected airspace limits. 14. The computer program product of claim 13, wherein the computer executable instructions, when executed by the processor, further cause the FMS to: recalculate the holding pattern for the aircraft using the holding instructions, the wind speed, the wind direction, the inbound leg duration, and the different airspeed when the different airspeed will keep the holding pattern within the protected airspace limits; andinstruct the flight crew member to change the airspeed to the different airspeed, andwherein the holding pattern presented to the flight crew member comprises the holding pattern that is recalculated using the different airspeed. 15. The computer program product of claim 13, wherein the computer executable instructions, when executed by the processor, further cause the FMS to: recalculate the holding pattern for the aircraft using the holding instructions, the wind speed, the wind direction, the inbound leg duration, and the different airspeed when the different airspeed will keep the holding pattern within the protected airspace limits; andinstruct the aircraft to change the airspeed to the different airspeed, andwherein the holding pattern presented to the flight crew member comprises the holding pattern that is recalculated using the different airspeed. 16. The computer program product of claim 13, wherein the different airspeed is between a minimum hold speed for the aircraft and a maximum hold speed for the aircraft, and wherein the computer executable instructions, when executed by the processor, further cause the FMS to: change the holding pattern from a racetrack-style holding pattern to a figure-eight holding pattern when the different airspeed will not keep the holding pattern within the protected airspace limits; andcalculate the figure-eight holding pattern for the aircraft using the holding instructions, the wind speed, the wind direction, and the inbound leg duration, andwherein the holding pattern presented to the flight crew member comprises the holding pattern that is recalculated using the different airspeed. 17. The computer program product of claim 11, wherein the computer executable instructions, when executed by the processor, further cause the FMS to graphically present the holding pattern and the protected airspace limits to the flight crew member on the aircraft using avionics. 18. The computer program product of claim 11, wherein the computer executable instructions, when executed by the processor, further cause the FMS to provide instructions to an autopilot or flight director to fly the aircraft in the holding pattern. 19. The computer program product of claim 11, wherein no part of the holding pattern is coincident with the holding pattern protected airspace limits, and wherein the holding pattern protected airspace limits are defined by a Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) holding pattern protected airspace template. 20. An aircraft, comprising: an airframe;at least one engine attached to the airframe;an avionics system attached to the airframe; anda flight management system (FMS) attached to the airframe and in communication with the avionics system, wherein the FMS: receives holding instructions for the aircraft, wherein the holding instructions comprise a holding fix, a holding direction, and an inbound leg course;obtains an airspeed for the aircraft from the avionics system;obtains a wind speed and a wind direction affecting the aircraft;calculates a holding pattern for the aircraft using the holding instructions, the wind speed, the wind direction, an inbound leg duration, and the airspeed;obtains Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) protected airspace lateral limits associated with the holding fix;determines that the holding pattern is not within the FAA holding pattern protected airspace template limits;calculates a different airspeed for the aircraft that will keep the holding pattern within the FAA holding pattern protected airspace template limits;indicates the different airspeed required for the aircraft to remain in the FAA holding pattern protected airspace template limits; andgraphically displays the holding pattern and the FAA protected airspace lateral limits to a flight crew member on the aircraft through either the FMS or the avionics system, wherein the holding pattern legs are not coincident with the FAA protected airspace lateral limits. 21. The aircraft of claim 20, wherein the FMS presents the holding pattern and the FAA protected airspace lateral limits to the flight crew member prior to the aircraft arriving at the holding fix. 22. The aircraft of claim 20, wherein the FMS further provides instructions to an autopilot or flight director to fly the aircraft in the holding pattern. 23. The aircraft of claim 20, wherein the FMS further: receives an updated parameter that affects the holding pattern, wherein the updated parameter comprises a change in the holding instructions, a change in wind speed, a change in wind direction, or combinations thereof;recalculates the holding pattern for the aircraft using the updated parameter; andverifies that the recalculated holding pattern will keep the holding pattern within the FAA holding pattern protected airspace template limits,wherein the holding pattern presented to the flight crew member comprises the holding pattern that is recalculated using the updated parameter. 24. The aircraft of claim 20, wherein calculating the different airspeed for the aircraft that will keep the holding pattern within the FAA holding pattern protected airspace template limits comprises recalculating the holding pattern for the aircraft using the holding instructions, the wind speed, the wind direction, the inbound leg duration, and the different airspeed, wherein indicating the different airspeed required for the aircraft to remain in the FAA holding pattern protected airspace template limits comprises instructing the flight crew to change the airspeed to the different airspeed, and wherein the holding pattern presented to the flight crew member comprises the holding pattern that is recalculated using the different airspeed. 25. The aircraft of claim 20, wherein calculating the different airspeed for the aircraft that will keep the holding pattern within the FAA holding pattern protected airspace template limits comprises recalculating the holding pattern for the aircraft using the holding instructions, the wind speed, the wind direction, the inbound leg duration, and the different airspeed, wherein indicates the different airspeed required for the aircraft to remain in the FAA holding pattern protected airspace template limits instructing the aircraft to change the airspeed to the different airspeed, and wherein the holding pattern presented to the flight crew member comprises the holding pattern that is recalculated using the different airspeed. 26. The aircraft of claim 20, wherein the different airspeed is between a minimum hold speed for the aircraft and a maximum hold speed for the aircraft, and wherein the FMS further: changes the holding pattern from a racetrack-style holding pattern to a figure-eight holding pattern when the different airspeed will not keep the holding pattern within the FAA protected airspace lateral limits; andcalculates the figure-eight holding pattern for the aircraft using the holding instructions, the wind speed, the wind direction, and the inbound leg duration, andwherein the holding pattern presented to the flight crew member comprises the holding pattern that is recalculated using the different airspeed. 27. The aircraft of claim 20, wherein the holding pattern comprises an inbound leg, an outbound turn, an outbound leg, and an inbound turn, and wherein the FMS, in being configured to calculate the holding pattern for the aircraft, is configured to: calculate an inbound leg starting point using the inbound leg course, the inbound leg duration, and the airspeed;calculate an outbound turn portion of a curved path trajectory for the aircraft using the airspeed for the aircraft, the wind speed, the wind direction, and a rate-of-turn for the aircraft, wherein the curved path trajectory is a path the aircraft will fly when the aircraft turns at the rate-of-turn and at the airspeed when the aircraft is subjected to the wind speed and the wind direction, and wherein the outbound turn portion intersects the holding fix such that the inbound course is tangent to the outbound turn portion at the holding fix;calculate an inbound turn portion of the curved path trajectory for the aircraft using the airspeed for the aircraft, the wind speed, the wind direction, and the rate-of-turn for the aircraft, wherein the inbound turn portion does not intersect the outbound turn portion, and wherein the inbound turn portion intersects the inbound leg starting point such that the inbound leg course is tangent to the inbound turn portion at the inbound leg starting point; anddetermine the outbound leg for the holding pattern, wherein the outbound leg is a line that is tangent to both the outbound turn portion and the inbound turn portion and is not the same as the inbound leg. 28. The aircraft of claim 20, wherein the FAA protected airspace lateral limits are defined by the FAA holding pattern protected airspace template limits.
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