[특허]Air-conditioning unit and method

Lebrun-Nimy en Abrege Lebrun SA

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Air-conditioning unit and method

국가/구분	United States(US) Patent 등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)	F25D-019/00 B64F-001/36 F24F-001/02 F25B-049/02 B60H-001/32
미국특허분류(USC)	062/519; 062/239
출원번호	US-0301357 (2007-05-18)
등록번호	US-9016087 (2015-04-28)
우선권정보	EP-06114251 (2006-05-19)
국제출원번호	PCT/EP2007/054840 (2007-05-18)
§371/§102 date	20091008 (20091008)
국제공개번호	WO2007/135103 (2007-11-29)
발명자 / 주소	Urbain, Claudy Christian
출원인 / 주소	Lebrun-Nimy en Abrege Lebrun SA
대리인 / 주소	Sughrue Mion, PLLC
인용정보	피인용 횟수 : 1 인용 특허 : 21

초록
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An air-conditioning unit including an air circuit with an air inlet, a main fan and an air outlet designed to be connected to a chamber, preferably via one or more flexible ducts, and a refrigerant circuit including a heat exchanger/evaporator positioned in the air circuit to cool the air by evaporating the refrigerant, a compressor and a condenser for condensing the refrigerant before it is returned to the heat exchanger/evaporator. The heat exchanger/evaporator includes several parallel circuits each having at least one regulator valve. The air circuit also includes a temperature probe downstream of the heat exchanger/evaporator and connected to a controller which controls the regulator valves to regulate the flow of refrigerant, and a pressure probe at the air outlet and connected to a regulator for regulating the speed and/or the power of the main fan so as not to exceed a maximum raised pressure at air outlet.

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1. An air conditioning system, comprising: An aircraft; andA mobile air conditioning unit disposed on the ground outside the aircraft, the mobile air conditioning unit being for supplying air conditioning to an interior of the aircraft while the aircraft is parked on the ground, the mobile air conditioning unit comprising:an air circuit having an air inlet, a main fan, and an air outlet, said air outlet being configured to be connected to the interior of the aircraft parked on the ground through one or more flexible ducts;a refrigerant circuit located in the air circuit and comprising an individual heat exchanger, a compressor and a condenser, said individual heat exchanger cooling the air by evaporating the refrigerant, said compressor compressing the refrigerant and said condenser condensing the refrigerant before it is returned to the individual heat exchanger, said individual heat exchanger comprising at least two parallel circuits, each of the at least two parallel circuits being individually controlled and being provided with an individual pressure reducing valve,said air circuit further comprising: a temperature sensor downstream of the heat exchanger and connected to means for controlling said individual pressure reducing valves in order to regulate the flow rate of refrigerant to maintain the air temperature downstream of the heat exchanger within a set range; anda pressure sensor at the air outlet connected to means for regulating at least one of the speed and power of the main fan in order not to exceed a maximum overpressure at the air outlet, andsaid refrigerant circuit further comprising a compressor suction pressure sensor connected to means for regulating the mass flow rate of refrigerant aspirated by the compressor in order to maintain the aspiration pressure of the compressor within a set range. 2. The air conditioning system according to claim 1, wherein said air circuit further comprises a temperature sensor connected to means for regulating at least one of the speed and power of the main fan in order to control its output so as to keep the temperature at the air outlet in a set range. 3. The air conditioning system according to claim 1, wherein said condenser comprises a cooling fan and a pressure sensor for the refrigerant connected to means for regulating at least one of the speed and power of the cooling fan in order to control the cooling of the condenser so as to keep the pressure of the refrigerant in the condenser in a set range. 4. The air conditioning system according to claim 1, wherein said individual heat exchanger further comprises a surface temperature sensor for the individual heat exchanger connected to said means for controlling said pressure reducing valves in order to regulate the flow rate of refrigerant so as to prevent the formation of frost on the surface of the individual heat exchanger. 5. The air conditioning system according to claim 1, wherein the refrigerant circuit further comprises an economiser circuit downstream of the condenser, said economiser circuit comprising a main branch, a secondary branch with a pressure reducing valve, and a heat exchanger between said main branch and said secondary branch downstream of its pressure reducing valve, so that, in operation, a secondary flow of refrigerant is diverted to said secondary branch, so as to be expanded in the pressure reducing valve and cool, through the heat exchanger, a primary flow of refrigerant passing through the main branch so as to prevent the appearance of gas bubbles in the refrigerant upstream of the individual heat exchanger. 6. The air conditioning system according to claim 1, further comprising a thermal engine, coupled to a generator for the electrical supply to the unit. 7. The air conditioning system according to claim 6, wherein said thermal engine comprises a cooling circuit with: a radiator, for cooling a cooling fluid for the thermal engine,a complementary heat exchanger placed in said air circuit, downstream of said individual heat exchanger, for heating the air while cooling the cooling fluid of the thermal engine, anda three-way valve for directing the cooling fluid from the thermal engine alternately to the radiator or to the complementary heat exchanger. 8. The air conditioning system according to claim 1, wherein said air circuit also comprises electric heating means downstream of said individual heat exchanger, said electric heating means comprising a set of electric elements wired in several stages, and a temperature sensor downstream of the electric heating means connected to means for controlling said set of electric elements in order to regulate the heating power so as to maintain the air temperature downstream of the heating means in a set range. 9. The air conditioning system according to claim 1, wherein said refrigerant is a hydrofluorocarbon. 10. The air conditioning system according to claim 1, wherein said main fan is a centrifugal fan. 11. The air conditioning system according to claim 1, wherein said compressor is a screw compressor. 12. The air conditioning system according to claim 1, wherein each of said at least two parallel circuits are supplied with the air by the same main fan and wherein the individual heat exchanger is a single integrated unit comprising said at least two parallel circuits. 13. The air conditioning system according to claim 1, wherein the individual heat exchanger further comprises a temperature sensor for sensing the temperature of the refrigerant at the outlet of each of said parallel circuits, said temperature sensor being connected to said means for controlling said pressure reducing valves in order to regulate the flow rate of refrigerant so as to ensure the evaporation of substantially all the flow of refrigerant in said individual heat exchanger. 14. The air conditioning system according to claim 13, wherein said individual heat exchanger further comprises a pressure sensor for sensing the pressure of the refrigerant at the outlet of said at least two parallel circuits, and wherein said pressure sensor is connected to said means for controlling said pressure reducing valves in order to correct the temperature sensed by the temperature sensor for the refrigerant discharged from the same parallel circuit. 15. An air conditioning method for air conditioning an interior of an aircraft parked on the ground, the method comprising: a) moving a mobile air conditioning unit on the ground to a position outside the aircraft parked on the ground;b) connecting the air conditioning unit to the interior of the aircraft parked on the ground through one or more flexible ducts;c) propelling ambient air into an air circuit, located in said air conditioning unit by a main fan;d) passing said ambient air through an individual heat exchanger located in the air circuit in order to cool the ambient air by evaporation of a flow of refrigerant circulating in the individual heat exchanger, said individual heat exchanger comprising at least two parallel circuits, each of the at least two parallel circuits being individually controllable and being provided with at least one pressure reducing valve;e) propelling said cooled air through an air outlet to the interior of the aircraft parked on the ground through said one or more flexible ducts;f) compressing said refrigerant in a compressor downstream of the individual heat exchanger;g) condensing said refrigerant in a condenser downstream of the compressor;h) regulating the flow rate of refrigerant through each of said pressure reducing valves so as to maintain the air temperature downstream of the individual heat exchanger in a set range by using a temperature sensor located downstream of the individual heat exchanger and which is connected to means for controlling each said at least one pressure reducing valve of the at least two parallel circuits;i) regulating the mass flow rate of refrigerant aspirated by the compressor so as to maintain the aspiration pressure of the compressor in a set range by using a compressor suction pressure sensor connected to means for regulating the mass flow rate of the refrigerant; andj) regulating at least one of the speed and power of the main fan so as not to exceed a maximum overpressure at the air outlet by using a pressure sensor located at the air outlet and connected to means for regulating at least one of the speed and power of the main fan. 16. The air conditioning method according to claim 15, wherein step j) comprises regulating at least one of the speed and power of the main fan in order to maintain the temperature at the air outlet in a set range. 17. The air conditioning method according to claim 15, wherein step g) comprises cooling said condenser by air with a cooling fan at least one of the speed and power of which is regulated so as to maintain the pressure of the refrigerant in the condenser in a set range. 18. The air conditioning method according to claim 15, wherein step h) comprises regulating the flow rate of refrigerant through each of said pressure reducing valves of the individual heat exchanger to ensure the evaporation of the flow of refrigerant in said individual heat exchanger. 19. The air conditioning method according to claim 15, wherein step h) comprises regulating the flow rate of refrigerant through each of said pressure reducing valves of the individual heat exchanger to keep a surface temperature of the individual heat exchanger higher than a minimum threshold in order to prevent the formation of frost on the surface of the individual heat exchanger. 20. The air conditioning method according to claim 15, further comprising the following steps: k) dividing the refrigerant flow downstream of the condenser into at least a primary flow and a secondary flow, the secondary flow being expanded in a pressure reducing valve of an economiser circuit,l) crossing the primary and secondary flows in a heat exchanger of said economiser circuit so that the secondary flow cools the primary flow,m) returning the secondary flow to the condenser and the cooled primary flow to the individual heat exchanger, andn) regulating the secondary flow so as to regulate the temperature of the cooled primary flow in order to prevent the formation of gas bubbles in the refrigerant upstream of the individual heat exchanger.

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Dahl, Soren Risgaard; Nielsen, Bo Vork; Olsson, Henrik; Schroder, Lars. Preconditioned air unit with self-contained cooling modules. USP2018029902505.

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