An aqueous gypsum plaster-cement composition comprises a hydraulic binder consisting of calcined gypsum and hydraulic cement in a weight ratio of from about 4:1 to about 2:1, an aggregate which comprises sand, a foam, a perlite, rice hulls or a mixture thereof, a superplasticizer comprising an air e
An aqueous gypsum plaster-cement composition comprises a hydraulic binder consisting of calcined gypsum and hydraulic cement in a weight ratio of from about 4:1 to about 2:1, an aggregate which comprises sand, a foam, a perlite, rice hulls or a mixture thereof, a superplasticizer comprising an air entraining agent, a retarder, and water in an amount of from about 0.4 to about 0.75 parts by weight per part of binder, with the proviso that the gypsum plaster-cement composition contains essentially neither a pozzolana nor lime. The use thereof, a method of constructing buildings using this composition and the buildings obtainable in this way are also described.
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1. An aqueous gypsum plaster-cement composition comprising: a hydraulic binder comprising calcined gypsum and hydraulic cement in a weight ratio of from about 4:1 to about 2:1;an aggregate comprising at least one of sand, a foam, a perlite, and rice hulls;a superplasticizer comprising an air entrain
1. An aqueous gypsum plaster-cement composition comprising: a hydraulic binder comprising calcined gypsum and hydraulic cement in a weight ratio of from about 4:1 to about 2:1;an aggregate comprising at least one of sand, a foam, a perlite, and rice hulls;a superplasticizer comprising an air entraining agent;a retarder; andwater in an amount of from about 0.4 to about 0.75 parts by weight per part of binder,wherein the gypsum plaster-cement composition comprises essentially neither a pozzolana nor lime. 2. The gypsum plaster-cement composition as claimed in claim 1, further comprising polymer fibers. 3. The gypsum plaster-cement composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composition is sprayable. 4. The gypsum plaster-cement composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the aggregate comprises sand, and wherein the aggregate is present in the gypsum plaster-cement composition in a weight ratio to the binder of from about 3.5:2 to about 2.5:2. 5. The gypsum plaster-cement composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the aggregate comprises at least one of expanded polystyrene, expanded perlite, and rice hulls. 6. The gypsum plaster-cement composition as claimed in claim 5, wherein each of the at least one of expanded polystyrene, expanded perlite and rice hulls are present in the composition in a weight ratio to the hydraulic binder of from about 0.02:1 to about 0.065:1. 7. The gypsum plaster-cement composition as claimed in claim 5, wherein at least one of the expanded polystyrene and the expanded perlite has an average particle size of from about 0.5 mm to about 6 mm. 8. The gypsum plaster-cement composition as claimed in claim 7, wherein each of the at least one of expanded polystyrene, expanded perlite and rice hulls are present in the composition in an amount of from about 2.8 L/kg to about 1.8 L/kg of hydraulic binder. 9. The gypsum plaster-cement composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the aggregate comprises a mixture of sand and at least one of expanded polystyrene, expanded perlite, and rice hulls, with the sand being present in the gypsum plaster-cement composition in a weight ratio to the hydraulic binder of from about 0.2:1 to about 0.3:1 and each of the at least one of expanded polystyrene, expanded perlite, and rice hulls being present in a weight ratio to the hydraulic binder of from about 0.02:1 to about 0.065:1 or in an amount of from about 800 L to about 1200 L per 440 kg of hydraulic binder. 10. The gypsum plaster-cement composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the retarder comprises at least one member of the group consisting of citric acid and salts thereof, cellulosics, amino acid-containing retarders, poly(amino acid)-containing retarders, modified polypeptide-containing retarders, protein-containing retarders, and oxycarboxylic acids and salts thereof. 11. The gypsum plaster-cement composition as claimed in claim 2, wherein the polymer fibers comprise polypropylene fibers. 12. The gypsum plaster-cement composition as claimed in claim 11, wherein the polypropylene fibers have a length of from about 3 mm to about 9 mm. 13. The gypsum plaster-cement composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the superplasticizer comprises anionic and nonionic surfactants, sodium benzoate, magnesium sulfate, and zinc pyrithione. 14. A method for fabricating a material, the method comprising forming the material from the aqueous gypsum plaster-cement composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the material comprises at least one member selected from the group consisting of gypsum plasterboards, stucco profiles, flat blocks, lightweight building blocks, thermal insulation material, acoustically insulating and fire-retarding plaster, and material for construction of buildings. 15. A method of constructing a building comprising a framework formed of at least one of steel, wood, and plastic, the method comprising: fastening meshes formed of at least one of metal and plastic onto the framework and stretching the fastened meshes between the elements of the framework; andspraying or manually applying an aqueous gypsum plaster-cement composition onto the meshes and the framework,wherein the aqueous gypsum plaster-cement composition comprises: a hydraulic binder comprising calcined gypsum and hydraulic cement in a weight ratio of from about 4:1 to about 2:1;an aggregate comprising at least one of sand, a foam, a perlite, and rice hulls;a superplasticizer comprising an air entraining agent;a retarder; andwater in an amount of from about 0.4 to about 0.75 parts by weight per part of binder; andwherein the gypsum plaster-cement composition comprises essentially neither a pozzolana nor lime. 16. The method as claimed in claim 15, wherein the aqueous gypsum plaster-cement composition is sprayed or manually applied in such a way that the building does not have any gaps which are not covered by the aqueous gypsum plaster-cement composition apart from the gaps corresponding to windows and doors. 17. A building, comprising: a framework comprising elements formed of at least one material selected from the group consisting of steel, wood, and plastic;one or more meshes formed of at least one material selected from the group consisting of metal and plastic, wherein the one or more meshes are fastened to the elements of the framework and stretched between the elements; andan aqueous gypsum plaster-cement composition applied to the one or more meshes and to the elements of the framework,wherein the aqueous gypsum plaster-cement composition comprises: a hydraulic binder comprising calcined gypsum and hydraulic cement in a weight ratio of from about 4:1 to about 2:1;an aggregate comprising at least one of sand, a foam, a perlite, and rice hulls;a superplasticizer comprising an air entraining agent;a retarder; andwater in an amount of from about 0.4 to about 0.75 parts by weight per part of binder; andwherein the gypsum plaster-cement composition comprises essentially neither a pozzolana nor lime. 18. The building as claimed in claim 17, wherein the building does not have any gaps which are not covered by the aqueous gypsum plaster-cement composition apart from gaps corresponding to windows and doors.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (9)
Bond, Art, Building system and method of constructing a multi-walled structure.
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