Method of controlling a group of engines, and an aircraft
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
B64D-031/00
B64C-027/12
B64D-041/00
B60K-006/00
B64C-027/04
B64D-027/24
B64D-031/06
G05D-001/00
B64D-027/02
출원번호
US-0549893
(2012-07-16)
등록번호
US-9038939
(2015-05-26)
우선권정보
FR-11 02225 (2011-07-18)
발명자
/ 주소
Dyrla, Nadine
Corpron, Alban
Joubert, Emmanuel
Smaoui, Hichem
출원인 / 주소
Airbus Helicopters
대리인 / 주소
Brooks Kushman P.C.
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
3인용 특허 :
3
초록▼
A method of controlling a group (2) of engines developing a necessary power (Wnec) for driving a rotor (3), said group (2) of engines having at least one electrical member (4), electrical energy storage means (5), and a first number n of engines (6) that is greater than or equal to two. A processor
A method of controlling a group (2) of engines developing a necessary power (Wnec) for driving a rotor (3), said group (2) of engines having at least one electrical member (4), electrical energy storage means (5), and a first number n of engines (6) that is greater than or equal to two. A processor unit (10) executes instructions for evaluating a main condition as to whether the group of engines can develop the necessary power while resting one engine, and if so for resting one engine and accelerating a second number engines not at rest, and for causing the electrical member to operate in motor mode, if necessary, the electrical member operating temporarily in electricity generator mode when the storage means are discharged.
대표청구항▼
1. A method of controlling a group of engines of an aircraft developing a necessary power (Wnec) for driving a rotor, the group of engines being provided with at least one electrical member connected to electrical energy storage means and a first number (n) of fuel-burning engines greater than or eq
1. A method of controlling a group of engines of an aircraft developing a necessary power (Wnec) for driving a rotor, the group of engines being provided with at least one electrical member connected to electrical energy storage means and a first number (n) of fuel-burning engines greater than or equal to two, each engine of the group of engines being capable of developing a continuous power (MCP) without limitation on duration during a continuous rating, the electrical member being capable of developing a maximum power (Welec—max) in motor mode, wherein a non-transitory processor unit executes stored instructions for evaluating a main condition in which the group of engines can develop the necessary power while resting an engine, and when the main condition is satisfied, for: resting a first engine of the group of engines, and accelerating a second number (n−1) of engines not at rest of the group of engines, the second number being equal to the first number (n) minus one in order to develop at most a threshold power with the group of engines, the threshold power (MCPn-1) being reached when each engine of the second number of engines not at rest is developing the continuous power (MCP); andcausing the at least one electrical member to operate in motor mode if the processor unit finds that the main condition is satisfied when causing the at least one electrical member to operate in motor mode simultaneously with the second number of engines, the at least one electrical member operating temporarily in electricity generator mode when the storage means are discharged. 2. A method according to claim 1, wherein the processor unit evaluates whether the aircraft is in a first configuration (CONF1) in which the necessary power is less than or equal to the threshold power, or in a second configuration (CONF2) in which the necessary power is greater than the threshold power but less than or equal to the sum of the maximum power plus the threshold power, or in a third configuration (CONF3) in which the necessary power is greater than the sum of the maximum power plus the threshold power, the main condition being satisfied if: a first secondary condition in which the necessary power developed by the group of engines is less than or equal to the sum of the maximum power plus the threshold power is satisfied in the first and second configurations; andwhen the necessary power is greater than the threshold power, if a second secondary condition is satisfied that the storage means contain an amount of electrical charge greater than a minimum threshold. 3. A method according to claim 1, wherein each engine of the second number of engines not at rest develops the same power. 4. A method according to claim 1, wherein if the necessary power is less than or equal to the threshold power, when the first secondary condition is satisfied, a strategy is applied as selected from a list including at least one of the following strategies: a) the electrical member is not used, each engine of the second number of engines not at rest being accelerated so that it individually supplies power equal to the necessary power divided by the second number;b) the electrical member is operated in motor mode at the maximum power, each engine of the second number of engines not at rest individually developing power equal to the difference between the necessary power and the maximum power divided by the second number; andc) with each engine of the second number of engines not at rest individually developing power equal to the difference between the necessary power and the electrical power generated by the electrical member divided by the second number, the electrical member is caused to operate in motor mode at an electrical power equal to the minimum of the product of the necessary power multiplied by a correction term in accordance with the following relationship, and the maximum power: Welec=min[Wnec·(1−Cktarget/Ckn-1); Welec—max] where “Welec” represents the power developed by the electrical member, “Wnec” represents the necessary power, “1−Cktarget/CKn-1” represents the correction term, “Cktarget” represents a predetermined target fuel consumption per kilometer, “Ckn-1” represents a fuel consumption per kilometer corresponding to the consumption per kilometer obtained with the first engine and with the second number of engines not at rest supplying the necessary power when the necessary power is less than the threshold power, or supplying the threshold power when the necessary power is greater than or equal to the threshold power, “Welec—max” represents the maximum power, and “min” represents the minimum of the two expressions contained in the square brackets and separated by a semicolon. 5. A method according to claim 2, wherein in the first configuration, when the first secondary condition is satisfied while the second secondary condition is not satisfied, the processor unit executes stored instructions to cause the electrical member to operate in electrical generator mode so as to recharge the storage means electrically. 6. A method according to claim 5, wherein when the necessary power is equal to the threshold power, the storage means are recharged electrically by running all of the engines, each engine developing power equal to the sum of the necessary power plus a charging power divided by the first number, the charging power being equal to the minimum of the maximum power and the difference between an optimum power developed by the first number of engines each operating at the continuous power, and the necessary power, Wcharge=min[MCPn−Wnec; Welec—max]where “Wcharge” represents the charging power, “Wnec” represents the necessary power, “MCPn” represents the optimum power, “Welec—max” represents the maximum power, and “min” represents the minimum of the two expressions contained in the square brackets and separated by a semicolon. 7. A method according to claim 1, wherein when the necessary power is less than the threshold power, the storage means are recharged electrically while resting the first engine and running the second number of engines, each engine of the second number of engines not at rest developing power equal to the secondary sum of the necessary power plus a charging power divided by the second number, the charging power being equal to the minimum of the maximum power and the difference between the threshold power developed by the second number of engines each operating at the continuous power and the necessary power: Wcharge=min[MCPn−Wnec; Welec—max]where “Wcharge” represents the charging power, “Wnec” represents the necessary power, “MCPn-1” represents the threshold power, “Welec—max” represents the maximum power, and “min” represents the minimum of the two expressions contained in the square brackets and separated by a semicolon. 8. A method according to claim 1, wherein if the necessary power is greater than the threshold power but less than or equal to the sum of the maximum power plus the threshold power, when the main condition is satisfied, an option is applied that is selected from a list including at least one of the following options: a′) each engine of the second number of engines not at rest is accelerated so that it develops individually the continuous power, the electric motor being operated in motor mode to supply power equal to the difference between the necessary power and a thermal power, the thermal power being equal to the power developed together by the second number of engines not at rest; andb′) with the electric motor being used in motor mode to supply electrical power, each engine of the second number of engines not at rest is accelerated individually to supply power equal to the necessary power minus the electrical power divided by the second number, the electrical power being equal to the minimum between the maximum power and the product of the necessary power multiplied by a correction term in accordance with the following relationship: Welec=min[Wnec·(1−Cktarget/Ckn-1); Welec—max] where “Welec” represents developed the electrical member, “Wnec” represents the necessary power, “1−Cktarget/CKn-1” represents the correction term, “Cktarget” represents a predetermined target fuel consumption per kilometer, “Ckn-1” represents a fuel consumption per kilometer corresponding to the consumption per kilometer obtained with the first engine and with the second number of engines not at rest supplying the necessary power when the necessary power is less than the threshold power or supplying the threshold power when the necessary power is greater than or equal to the threshold power, “Welec—max” represents the maximum power, and “min” represents the minimum of the two expressions contained in the square brackets and separated by a semicolon. 9. A method according to claim 8, wherein when the storage means contain electrical charge below a minimum threshold, the storage means are recharged electrically by running all of the engines, each engine developing power equal to the sum of the necessary power plus a charging power divided by the first number, the charging power being equal to the minimum between the maximum power and the difference between an optimum power developed by the first number of engines each operating at continuous power and the required power, i.e.: Wcharge=min[MCPn−Wnec; Welec—max]where “Wcharge” represents the charging power, “Wnec” represents the necessary power, “MCPn” represents the optimum power, “Welec—max” represents the maximum power, and “min” represents the minimum of the two expressions contained in the square brackets and separated by a semicolon. 10. A method according to claim 1, wherein if the necessary power is greater than the sum of the maximum power plus the threshold power, a requirement is evaluated in which the necessary power is less than the optimum power developed by the first number of engines each operating at the continuous power. 11. A method according to claim 10, wherein when the requirement is satisfied, or when the requirement is not satisfied and the storage means include an electric charge greater than a minimum threshold, the electrical member is not used, each engine being controlled to develop power equal to the quotient of the necessary power divided by the first number. 12. A method according to claim 10, wherein when the requirement is not satisfied and the storage means include an electric charge less than or equal to a minimum threshold, the electric member is used in electricity generator mode, each engine developing power equal to the sum of the necessary power plus a charging power divided by the first number, the charging power being equal to the minimum between the maximum power and the difference between an optimum power developed by the first number of engines each operating at the continuous power and the necessary power: Wcharge=min[MCPn−Wnec; Welec—max]where “Wcharge” represents the charging power, “Wnec” represents the necessary power, “MCPn” represents the optimum power developed by all of the engines operating at the first power, “Welec—max” represents the maximum power, and “min” represents the minimum of the two expressions contained in the square brackets and separated by a semicolon. 13. A method according to claim 10, wherein in a flight requiring in succession an engine to be rested and then all of the engines to be used, which engine to rest is determined in application of a predetermined cycle. 14. A method according to claim 1, wherein in no engine is rested during hovering flight. 15. An aircraft having a group of engines developing a necessary power (Wnec) to drive a rotor, the group of engines being provided with at least one electrical member connected to electrical storage means and with a first number n of fuel burning engines greater than or equal to two, the electrical member being capable of developing a maximum power (Welec—max) in motor mode, wherein the aircraft includes a non-transitory processor unit connected to the engines and to the electrical member, the processor unit being connected to determination means for determining the necessary power, the processor unit executing stored instructions in order to implement resting a first engine of the group of engines, and accelerating a second number n−1 of engines not at rest of the group of engines, the second number being equal to the first number n minus one in order to develop at most a threshold power with the group of engines, the threshold power (MCPn-1) being reached when each engine of the second number of engines not at rest is developing the continuous power (MCP); and causing the electrical member to operate in motor mode if the processor unit finds that the main condition is satisfied when causing the electrical member to operate in motor mode simultaneously with the second number of engines, the electrical member operating temporarily in electricity generator mode when the storage means are discharged. 16. An aircraft according to claim 15, including at least one piece of equipment to be selected from a selection comprising at least: strategy selection means for selecting a strategy to be applied if the necessary power is less than or equal to a threshold power, when the main condition is satisfied that the group of engines can develop the necessary power while resting the first engine;option selection means for selecting an option to be applied if the necessary power is greater than the threshold power but less than or equal to the sum of the maximum power and the threshold power, and if the main condition is satisfied;tactical selection means for determining firstly which strategy to apply if the necessary power is less than or equal to the threshold power, and when the main condition is satisfied that the group of engines can develop the necessary power while resting the first engine, and secondly an option to be applied if the necessary power is greater than the threshold power but less than or equal to the sum of the maximum power plus the threshold power, and if the main condition is satisfied; andinhibit means for inhibiting resting the first engine. 17. A method of controlling a group of engines of an aircraft developing a necessary power (Wnec) for driving a rotor, the group of engines being provided with at least one electrical member connected to electrical energy storage means and a first number (n) of fuel-burning engines greater than or equal to two, each of the engines being capable of developing a continuous power (MCP) without limitation on duration during a continuous rating, the electrical member being capable of developing a maximum power (Welec—max) in motor mode, wherein a non-transitory processor unit executes stored instructions for evaluating a main condition in which the group of engines can develop the necessary power while resting a first engine of the group of engines, and when the main condition is satisfied, for: resting the first engine, and accelerating a second number (n−1) of engines with each engine of the second number of engines developing the same power, the second number of engines comprising the engines of the group of engines not at rest, the second number being equal to the first number (n) minus one in order to develop at most a threshold power with the group of engines, the threshold power (MCPn-1) being reached when each engine of the second number of engines not at rest is developing the continuous power (MCP); andcausing the electrical member to operate in motor mode if the processor unit finds that the main condition is satisfied when causing the electrical member to operate in motor mode simultaneously with the second number of engines, the electrical member operating temporarily in electricity generator mode when the storage means are discharged. 18. A method according to claim 17, wherein the processor unit evaluates whether the aircraft is in a first configuration (CONF1) in which the necessary power is less than or equal to the threshold power, or in a second configuration (CONF2) in which the necessary power is greater than the threshold power but less than or equal to the sum of the maximum power plus the threshold power, or in a third configuration (CONF3) in which the necessary power is greater than the sum of the maximum power plus the threshold power, the main condition being satisfied if: a first secondary condition in which the necessary power developed by the group of engines is less than or equal to the sum of the maximum power plus the threshold power is satisfied in the first and second configurations; andwhen the necessary power is greater than the threshold power, if a second secondary condition is satisfied that the storage means contain an amount of electrical charge greater than a minimum threshold. 19. A method according to claim 17, wherein if the necessary power is less than or equal to the threshold power, when the first secondary condition is satisfied, a strategy is applied as selected from a list including at least one of the following strategies: a) the electrical member is not used, each engine of the second number of engines not at rest being accelerated so that it individually supplies power equal to the necessary power divided by the second number;b) the electrical member is operated in motor mode at the maximum power, each engine of the second number of engines not at rest individually developing power equal to the difference between the necessary power and the maximum power divided by the second number; andc) with each engine of the second number of engines not at rest individually developing power equal to the difference between the necessary power and the electrical power generated by the electrical member divided by the second number, the electrical member is caused to operate in motor mode at an electrical power equal to the minimum of the product of the necessary power multiplied by a correction term in accordance with the following relationship, and the maximum power: Welec=min[Wnec·(1−Cktarget/Ckn-1); Welec—max] where “Welec” represents the power developed by the electrical member, “Wnec” represents the necessary power, “1−Cktarget/CKn-1” represents the correction term, “Cktarget” represents a predetermined target fuel consumption per kilometer, “Ckn-1” represents a fuel consumption per kilometer corresponding to the consumption per kilometer obtained with the first engine and with the second number of engines not at rest supplying the necessary power when the necessary power is less than the threshold power, or supplying the threshold power when the necessary power is greater than or equal to the threshold power, “Welec—max” represents the maximum power, and “min” represents the minimum of the two expressions contained in the square brackets and separated by a semicolon. 20. A method according to claim 18, wherein in the first configuration, when the first secondary condition is satisfied while the second secondary condition is not satisfied, the processor unit executes stored instructions to cause the electrical member to operate in electrical generator mode so as to recharge the storage means electrically.
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