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A method comprising contacting a silica support material with a sulfating agent to form a sulfated silica support material comprising sulfate anions; thermally treating the sulfated silica support material to form a thermally treated sulfated silica support material; contacting the thermally treated

A method comprising contacting a silica support material with a sulfating agent to form a sulfated silica support material comprising sulfate anions; thermally treating the sulfated silica support material to form a thermally treated sulfated silica support material; contacting the thermally treated sulfated silica support material with a chromium-containing compound to form a mixture; and thermally treating the mixture to form a polymerization catalyst. A method comprising thermally treating a silica support material to form a thermally-treated silica support material; contacting the thermally-treated silica support material with a sulfating agent to form a thermally treated sulfated silica support material; thermally treating the thermally treated sulfated silica support material to form a processed silica support material; contacting the processed silica support material with a chromium-containing compound to form a precursor polymerization catalyst; and thermally treating the precursor polymerization catalyst to form a polymerization catalyst.

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1. A method comprising: contacting a silica support material consisting essentially of silica with a sulfating agent to form a sulfated silica support material comprising sulfate anions;thermally treating the sulfated silica support material to form a thermally treated sulfated silica support materi

1. A method comprising: contacting a silica support material consisting essentially of silica with a sulfating agent to form a sulfated silica support material comprising sulfate anions;thermally treating the sulfated silica support material to form a thermally treated sulfated silica support material;contacting the thermally treated sulfated silica support material with a chromium-containing compound to form a mixture;thermally treating the mixture to form a polymerization catalyst wherein the polymerization catalyst has a sulfate anion content of from about 0.1 wt. % to about 3.0 wt. %;contacting a monomer with the polymerization catalyst under conditions suitable for the formation of a polymer; andrecovering the polymer wherein the polymer has a weight average molecular weight that is decreased by from about 5% to about 99% when compared to the weight average molecular weight of a polymer obtained from an otherwise identical catalyst made in the absence of the sulfating agent. 2. The method of claim 1 wherein thermally treating the sulfated silica support material comprises heating the sulfated silica support material to a temperature of from about 300° C. to about 900° C. for a time period of from about 1 min to about 24 hours. 3. The method of claim 1 wherein thermally treating the mixture comprises heating the mixture to a temperature of from about 400° C. to about 800° C. for a time period of from about 30 min to about 15 hours in an oxygen-containing atmosphere. 4. The method of claim 1 wherein the sulfating agent comprises SO3, H2SO4, (NH4)2SO4, Al2(SO4)3, CuSO4, ZnSO4, ZrOSO4, TiOSO4, (NH4)HSO4, (NH4)HSO3, Cr2(SO4)3, or combinations thereof. 5. The method of claim 1 wherein the sulfating agent comprises a sulfating-precursor material. 6. The method of claim 5 wherein the sulfating precursor material comprises sulfate salts, SO3, sulfur halides, or combinations thereof. 7. The method of claim 1 wherein the silica support material has a surface area of from about 100 m2/gram to about 1000 m2/gram, a pore volume in the range of from about 0.1 cm3/gram to about 4.0 cm3/gram and an average particle size in the range of from about 5 μm to about 500 μm. 8. The method of claim 1 wherein the wherein the polymerization catalyst has a silica support material content of from about 90 wt. % to about 99.9 wt,% based on a final weight of the polymerization catalyst. 9. The method of claim 1 wherein the polymerization catalyst has a chromium content of from about 0.1 wt % to about 10.0 wt % based on a final weight of the polymerization catalyst. 10. The method of claim 1 wherein the polymer has a melt index of from about 0.01 g/10 min. to about 100 g/10 min. 11. The method of claim 1 wherein the polymer melt index is increased by from about 5% to about 200 fold when compared to the melt index of a polymer obtained from an otherwise identical catalyst made in the absence of the sulfating agent. 12. The method of claim 1 wherein the polymer has a high load melt index of from about 0.01 g/10 min. to about 100 g/10 min. 13. The method of claim 1 wherein the polymer has a high load melt index that is increased by from about 5% to about 200 fold when compared to the melt index of a polymer obtained from an otherwise identical catalyst made in the absence of the sulfating agent. 14. The method of claim 1 wherein the polymer has a weight average molecular weight of from about 50 kg/mol to about 600 kg/mol. 15. The method of claim 1 further comprising drying the sulfated silica support material, the mixture, or both. 16. The method of claim 1 further comprising forming the polymer into an article. 17. A method comprising: thermally treating a silica support material consisting essentially of silica to form a thermally treated silica support material;contacting the thermally treated silica support material with a sulfating agent to form a thermally treated sulfated silica support material;thermally treating the thermally treated sulfated silica support material to form a processed silica support material;contacting the processed silica support material with a chromium-containing compound to form a precursor polymerization catalyst;thermally treating the precursor polymerization catalyst to form a polymerization catalyst;contacting a monomer with the polymerization catalyst under conditions suitable for the formation of a polymer; andrecovering the polymer wherein the polymer has a weight average molecular weight that is decreased by from about 5% to about 99% when compared to the weight average molecular weight of a polymer obtained from an otherwise identical catalyst made in the absence of the sulfating agent. 18. A method comprising: contacting a silica support material consisting essentially of silica with a sulfating agent and a chromium-containing compound to form a mixture;thermally treating the mixture to form a polymerization catalyst;contacting a monomer with the polymerization catalyst under conditions suitable for the formation of a polymer; andrecovering the polymer wherein the polymer has a weight average molecular weight that is decreased by from about 5% to about 99% when compared to the weight average molecular weight of a polymer obtained from an otherwise identical catalyst made in the absence of the sulfating agent. 19. The method of claim 1 wherein the polymer comprises polyethylene. 20. The method of claim 1 wherein the polymer has a molecular weight distribution of from about 5 to about 50. 21. The method of claim 17 wherein the sulfating agent comprises SO3, H2SO4, (NH4)2SO4, Al2(SO4)3, CuSO4, ZnSO4, ZrOSO4, TiOSO4, (NH4)HSO4, (NH4)HSO3, Cr2(SO4)3, or combinations thereof. 22. The method of claim 18 wherein the sulfating agent comprises SO3, H2SO4, (NH4)2SO4, Al2(SO4)3, CuSO4, ZnSO4, ZrOSO4, TiOSO4, (NH4)HSO4, (NH4)HSO3, Cr2(SO4)3, or combinations thereof.