Method for operating a fuel cell and a fuel cell arrangement
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
H01M-008/04
H01M-008/02
H01M-008/12
출원번호
US-0670416
(2007-07-27)
등록번호
US-9136548
(2015-09-15)
국제출원번호
PCT/SE2007/000700
(2007-07-27)
§371/§102 date
20100915
(20100915)
국제공개번호
WO2009/017439
(2009-02-05)
발명자
/ 주소
Johansen, Lars
Mårdberg, Peter Jozsa
출원인 / 주소
Volvo Technology Corporation
대리인 / 주소
WRB-IP LLP
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
0인용 특허 :
5
초록▼
A method for operating, especially for starting, a fuel cell such as a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is disclosed which method includes a starting operation with a first or initial start phase and an optional second or intermediate start phase which is initiated when the fuel cell has reached a prede
A method for operating, especially for starting, a fuel cell such as a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is disclosed which method includes a starting operation with a first or initial start phase and an optional second or intermediate start phase which is initiated when the fuel cell has reached a predetermined medium temperature below a steady state operational temperature range, before a steady state operation is activated. During the first or initial start phase fuel is subjected to an exothermic reaction with oxygen in a burner unit and output gases from the burner unit are used to warm up and passively heat the fuel cell. Furthermore, a fuel cell arrangement comprising a fuel cell, especially a SOFC hybrid system, for conducting this method is disclosed.
대표청구항▼
1. Method for operating a fuel cell, comprising: a starting operation with a first or initial start phase during which supplied fuel is subjected to an exothermic reaction with oxygen in a burner unit and during which the fuel cell is warmed up by heat of output gases from the burner unit which are
1. Method for operating a fuel cell, comprising: a starting operation with a first or initial start phase during which supplied fuel is subjected to an exothermic reaction with oxygen in a burner unit and during which the fuel cell is warmed up by heat of output gases from the burner unit which are fed to the fuel cell, until the fuel cell has reached a lower operational temperature within a steady state operational temperature range, anda steady state operation which is initiated when the lower operational temperature is reached by terminating the feeding of output gases from the burner unit into the fuel cell and by feeding the fuel and air into the fuel cell,wherein the starting operation comprises a second or intermediate start phase which is initiated when the fuel cell has reached a predetermined medium temperature below the steady state operational temperature range during which second or intermediate start phase oxygen is supplied into at least one of a cathode compartment and an anode compartment of the fuel cell after the related cathode or anode compartment has reached the predetermined medium temperature. 2. Method according to claim 1, wherein during, the starting operation output gases from the burner unit are fed through an expander for driving a compressor for compressing air which is fed to the burner unit for supplying the oxygen. 3. Method according to claim 2, wherein output gases from the expander are fed through a first beat exchanger for releasing heat to the compressed air and/or the supplied fuel, and/or through a second heat exchanger for receiving heat from the output gases from the burner unit. 4. Method according to claim 3, wherein output gases from the fuel cell are fed through the first beat exchanger for releasing heat to the compressed air and/or the supplied fuel. 5. Method according to claim 3, wherein during the starting operation the fuel cell is additionally heated by means of a heat transportation system comprising a heat exchange fluid for supplying heat from the first and/or second heat exchanger into a heating chamber or compartment within or at the fuel cell. 6. Method according to claim 1, wherein the second or intermediate start phase is terminated and a steady state operation is initiated when the fuel cell has reached a predetermined increased temperature above the predetermined medium temperature but below the steady state operational temperature range or, alternatively, has reached a lower operational temperature within the steady state operational temperature range. 7. Method according to claim 6, wherein the steady state operation is initiated by feeding fuel into the anode compartment and by feeding air into the cathode compartment of the fuel cell and by terminating the feeding of output gases from the burner unit into the fuel cell. 8. Method according to claim 7, wherein the fuel supplied to the anode compartment is heated by feeding it through at least one of the first and the second heat exchanger. 9. Method according to claim 8, wherein the at least one of the first and the second heat exchanger is heated by burning fuel in the burner unit and by feeding the output gases from the burner unit through the related first and/or second heat exchanger. 10. Method according to claim 7, wherein water is separated from the output gas of the burner unit which is supplied substantially in the form of water steam into the anode compartment of the fuel cell for controlling the temperature of the fuel cell. 11. Method according, to claim 7, wherein water is separated from the output gas of the burner unit which is supplied into the expander of the turbine unit for increasing the efficiency of the turbine unit. 12. Fuel-cell hybrid arrangement comprising a fuel cell and a burner unit for burning fuel wherein the burner unit is connectable with the fuel cell for feeding heat, the fuel-cell hybrid arrangement being arranged to generate the heat by burning the fuel to the fuel cell for warming it up during a starting, operation performed according, to a method for operating the fuel cell, the method comprising: a starting operation with a first or initial start phase during which supplied fuel is subjected to an exothermic reaction with oxygen in the burner unit and during which the fuel cell is warmed up by heat of output gases from the burner unit which are fed to the fuel cell, until the fuel cell has reached a lower operational temperature within a steady state operational temperature range, anda steady state operation which is initiated when the lower operational temperature is reached by terminating the feeding of output gases from the burner unit into the fuel cell and by feeding; the fuel and air into the fuel cell,wherein the starting operation comprises a second or intermediate start phase which is initiated when the fuel cell has reached a predetermined medium temperature below the steady state operational temperature range during which second or intermediate start phase oxygen is supplied into at least one of a cathode compartment and an anode compartment of the fuel cell after the related cathode or anode compartment has reached the predetermined medium temperature. 13. Fuel cell hybrid arrangement according to claim 12, comprising a first line between an air supply and a first input of the burner unit for feeding air from the air supply to the first input of the burner unit, and a second line between a fuel supply and a second input of the burner unit for feeding fuel from the fuel supply to the second input of the burner unit. 14. Fuel cell hybrid arrangement according to claim 12, comprising a third and a fourth line between an output of the burner unit and the fuel cell for feeding the output gases of the burner unit into the fuel cell. 15. Fuel cell hybrid arrangement according to claim 13, comprising a first heat exchanger for heating the air and/or the fuel before it is fed into the burner unit. 16. Fuel cell hybrid arrangement according to claim 13, wherein the turbine unit comprises an expander for driving a compressor for compressing the air which is fed to the first input of the burner unit. 17. Fuel cell hybrid arrangement according to claim 16, wherein the output gases of the burner unit are fed through the expander in order to drive the compressor of the turbine unit. 18. Fuel cell hybrid arrangement according to claim 14, comprising a second heat exchanger for heating the output gases of the burner unit which are fed into the fuel cell. 19. Fuel cell hybrid arrangement according to claim 15, wherein the output gases of the fuel cell are fed through the first heat exchanger for releasing heat to the air and/or the fuel which is supplied to the burner unit. 20. Fuel cell hybrid arrangement according to claim 15, comprising a second heat exchanger for heating the output gases of the burner unit which are fed into the fuel cell, and comprising a heat transportation system with a plurality of lines for conveying a beat exchange fluid which lines are passed through the first and/or the second heat exchanger for receiving heat and which are passed through the fuel cell for releasing the heat. 21. Fuel cell hybrid arrangement according to claim 12, comprising a water separator for separating water from the output gas of the burner unit and for supplying it substantially in the form of water steam into an anode compartment of the fuel cell for controlling the temperature of the fuel cell. 22. Fuel cell hybrid arrangement according to claim 17, comprising a water separator for separating water from the output gas of the burner unit and for supplying, it into the expander. 23. Control unit for controlling a plurality of valves for controlling fuel cell hybrid arrangement according to a method according to claim 1. 24. A computer programmed with computer program code for carrying out the steps of a method according to claim 1. 25. A computer readable medium, comprising a computer program adapted to perform the steps of a method according to claim 1. 26. Control unit according to claim 23, comprising a programmable microprocessor and a computer program for controlling the plurality of valves. 27. Method according to claim 1, wherein output gases from the burner unit are used to generate electric power by a turbine unit for use by an electric beating unit during the starting operation.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (5)
Palmer Ian (Cumbria GBX) Seymour Clive M. (Cumbria GBX) Dams Robert A. J. (West Sussex GBX), Application of fuel cells to power generation systems.
Carl Elmer Miller ; Bruno Depreter ; Haskell Simpkins ; Jean Joseph Botti, Integrated fuel reformation and thermal management system for solid oxide fuel cell systems.
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