The invention relates to the treatment of water, including for example treatment in connection with hydrocarbon production operations. Silica in water produces undesirable scaling in processing equipment, which causes excess energy usage and maintenance problems. Electrocoagulation (EC) at relativel
The invention relates to the treatment of water, including for example treatment in connection with hydrocarbon production operations. Silica in water produces undesirable scaling in processing equipment, which causes excess energy usage and maintenance problems. Electrocoagulation (EC) at relatively high water temperature followed by ultra-filtration (UF filtration) may be combined with forward osmosis (FO) to treat water. Water to be treated may be produced water that has been pumped from a subterranean reservoir. The treated water may be employed to generate steam. The treatment units (e.g., EC, forward osmosis, UF filtration, etc) can be configured into one system as an on-site installation or a mobile unit for on-site or off-site water treatment.
대표청구항▼
1. A method for treating produced water for steam generation, the method comprising: providing a source of produced water to be treated, the water having contaminants selected from the group of total organic content (“TOC”) and total dissolved solids (“TDS”) as silica and hardness ions;removing at l
1. A method for treating produced water for steam generation, the method comprising: providing a source of produced water to be treated, the water having contaminants selected from the group of total organic content (“TOC”) and total dissolved solids (“TDS”) as silica and hardness ions;removing at least a portion of the silica and hardness ions as suspended solids by subjecting the produced water to an electrocoagulation process;removing at least a substantial portion of the suspended solids in a polymer filtration unit, the filtration unit operating at a temperature of at least about 50 degrees Centigrade;lowering the water temperature of the produced water;further treating the produced water within the filtration unit, further wherein the filtration unit comprises at least one membrane selected from the following: polyethersulfone (PES) membrane, polyacrylonitrile (PAN) membrane, polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) membrane, sulfonated polyether ether ketone (PEEK) membrane, Nafion membranes (sulfonated tetrafluoroethylene based fluoropolymer-copolymer), poly(phthalazinone ether sulfone) membrane (PPES), poly(phthalazinone ether ketone) membrane (PPEK), poly(phthalazinone ether fulfone ketone) membrane (PPESK); generating a pre-treated water;passing the pre-treated water to a forward osmosis (FO) unit employing a draw solution selected comprising at least one of polyvalent osmotic ions, monovalent osmotic ions and combinations thereof;subsequently treating the pre-treated water in a direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) unit, wherein the DCMD unit employs a composite membrane comprising a hydrophilic polymer layer and a hydrophobic polymer layer. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein no heat energy is added to or removed from the pre-treated water prior to passing the pre-treated water to a forward osmosis unit. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the draw solution comprises at least one of NaCl, Na2SO4, AlCl3, MgSO4, NH4HCO3, MgCl2 and mixtures thereof. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the electrocoagulation process employs sacrificial electrodes. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the pH of the produced water is adjusted to a pre-select pH prior to removing at least a portion of the silica and hardness ions by the electrocoagulation process. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the pre-select pH ranges from 7.2 to 11.5. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the filtration unit to removes at least 70% of the TOC as free oil prior to passing the pre-treated water to a forward osmosis unit. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the filtration unit employs additionally comprises a ceramic membrane to remove at least 70% of the TOC as free oil. 9. The method of claim 1, further comprising passing the produced water through a screen to remove large particulates prior to subjecting the produced water to an electrocoagulation process. 10. The method of claim 1, further comprising: passing a dilute draw from the FO unit to the direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) unit to generate a treated stream and a draw stream for re-use in the FO unit. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein no heat energy is added to or removed from the at least a portion of the pre-treated water prior to treating in the DCMD unit. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the DCMD unit employs at least a hydrophobic hollow fiber membrane. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the membrane fibers have a length ranging from 1 to 200″, a wall thickness ranging from 2 to 100 μm. 14. The method of claim 1, wherein the hydrophilic polymer comprises any of polysulfone, polyether sulfone, polyetherimide polyvinylidenefluoride, and cellulose acetate. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein the hydrophobic polymer layer comprises fluorinated surface-modifying macromolecule (SMM).
연구과제 타임라인
LOADING...
LOADING...
LOADING...
LOADING...
LOADING...
이 특허에 인용된 특허 (121)
Rockford David B. (Ellon GB6) Sutton William H. (Aberdeen GB6) Bond Christopher R. (Aberdeen GB6) Wilkinson ; Brian (Methlick GB6), Agitation and/or gas separation and dispersed gas flotation.
Betzer Tsilevich, Maoz, Integrated system and method for steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD)-heavy oil production to produce super-heated steam without liquid waste discharge.
Tsilevich, Maoz Betzer, Integrated system and method for steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD)-heavy oil production using low quality fuel and low quality water.
Mendes, Leonardo Brantes Bacellar; Cunha, Paulo Cesar Rodrigues; Montes D'oca, Marcelo Gonçalves; Abreu, Paulo César; Primel, Ednei Gilberto, Method for removing pollutants from produced water.
Hanemaaijer, Jan Hendrik; Van Heuven, Jan Willem, Method for the purification of a liquid by membrane distillation, in particular for the production of desalinated water from seawater or brackish water or process water.
Jordan James Michael (Tulsa OK) Denton Thomas James (Houston TX), Method of removing dispersed oil from an oil in water emulsion employing aerated solutions within a coalescing media.
Viator Carrol L. (Lafayette LA) Gilley Glenn E. (Lafayette LA) Broussard ; Sr. Paul C. (Maurice LA) Broussard Curtis (Lafayette LA) Gracy Dennis (Lafayette LA), Method of removing dissolved oil from produced water.
Slabaugh, Billy F.; Karcher, Arron L.; Segura, Michael J. R.; Rosine, Randy S.; Phillippi, Max L.; Harris, Donna L., Mobile systems and methods of sufficiently treating water so that the treated water may be utilized in well-treatment operations.
Bader Mansour S. (1200 N. Perkins Rd. ; 2C Stillwater OK 74075), Precipitation and separation of salts, scale salts, and norm contaminant salts from saline waters and saline solutions.
Sengupta, Arup K.; Li, Ping; Murray, Brendan J.; Harrison, Stuart D.; Vero, Gregory M., Process for treating concentrated salt solutions containing DOC.
Katzakian ; Jr. Arthur (Elk Grove CA) Cheung Henry (Livermore CA) Grix Charles E. (Sacramento CA) McGehee Donald C. (Carmichael CA), Recyclable regenerant for weak acid ion exhange resins.
Tao Fansheng T. (Sugar Land TX) Pilger Paul F. (Denver CO) Dyke Charles A. (Beacon NY), Reducing aqueous boron concentrations with reverse osmosis membranes operating at a high pH.
Bartels Craig R. (Wappingers Falls NY) Dorawala Tansukhlal G. (Wappingers Falls NY) Stephenson Michael T. (Katy TX) Pasternak Mordechai (Spring Valley NY) Reale ; Jr. John (Wappingers Falls NY), Treatment of water.
Prakash, Prakhar; Chauhan, Gini; Hatakeyama, Evan Shigeto, Systems and methods for producing regenerant brine and desalinated water from high temperature produced water.
※ AI-Helper는 부적절한 답변을 할 수 있습니다.