[특허]Methods and apparatuses for active protection from aerial threats

Orbital ATK, Inc.

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Methods and apparatuses for active protection from aerial threats

국가/구분	United States(US) Patent 등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)	F42B-010/60 F42B-010/66 F41H-011/02 F41G-007/00 F42B-010/00 F41H-011/00
출원번호	US-0455831 (2012-04-25)
등록번호	US-9170070 (2015-10-27)
발명자 / 주소	Sharpin, David Kolanek, Jim Cvetnic, Mark A. Hutchings, Mike Tennison, James Nelson, Kent Carl Hunsberger, Harold Kregg Baseghi, Behshad
출원인 / 주소	Orbital ATK, Inc.
대리인 / 주소	TraskBritt
인용정보	피인용 횟수 : 12 인용 특허 : 47

초록
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Embodiments include active protection systems and methods for an aerial platform. An onboard system includes one or more radar modules, detects aerial vehicles within a threat range of the aerial platform, and determines if any of the plurality of aerial vehicles are an aerial threat. The onboard system also determines an intercept vector to the aerial threat, communicates the intercept vector to an eject vehicle, and causes the eject vehicle to be ejected from the aerial platform to intercept the aerial threat. The eject vehicle includes a rocket motor to accelerate the eject vehicle along an intercept vector, alignment thrusters to rotate a longitudinal axis of the eject vehicle to substantially align with the intercept vector, and divert thrusters to divert the eject vehicle in a direction substantially perpendicular to the intercept vector. The eject vehicle activates at least one of the alignment thrusters responsive to the intercept vector.

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1. An eject vehicle for disposition in a dispenser, comprising: a plurality of alignment thrusters configured to operate only after the eject vehicle has been ejected from the dispenser to cause the eject vehicle to perform a pitch maneuver to substantially align a longitudinal axis of the eject vehicle with an intercept vector directed toward an intercept point;a rocket motor configured to accelerate the eject vehicle along the longitudinal axis of the eject vehicle then detach from the eject vehicle, wherein a spin is imposed on the eject vehicle responsive to thrust of the rocket motor; anda plurality of divert thrusters, each divert thruster configured to, upon activation, laterally divert the eject vehicle from its current flight path in a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis after detachment of the rocket motor;wherein the eject vehicle is configured to activate one or more of the plurality of divert thrusters at different times and at specific spin positions to perform one or more sequential lateral adjustments to the current flight path. 2. The eject vehicle of claim 1, further comprising a warhead configured to explode when the eject vehicle is away from the dispenser and within a predetermined range of an aerial threat. 3. The eject vehicle of claim 1, wherein the spin imposed on the eject vehicle includes a spin rate of about 10 Hertz. 4. The eject vehicle of claim 1, further comprising an electronics module configured to determine when to activate the plurality of divert thrusters relative to a spin of the eject vehicle to cause a diversion of the eject vehicle to occur in a desired direction. 5. The eject vehicle of claim 4, wherein the electronics module is further configured to determine timing of at least two of the plurality of divert thrusters to be activated at different times to cause diversion of the eject vehicle in at least two different directions. 6. The eject vehicle of claim 4, wherein the electronics module is further configured to determine timing of at least two of the plurality of divert thrusters to be activated at different times to cause diversion of the eject vehicle in substantially the same direction. 7. The eject vehicle of claim 4, wherein the electronics module is further configured to select the plurality of divert thrusters and determine timing to divert in a commanded direction that would cause the eject vehicle to reach a projected intercept point with an aerial threat responsive to communication from an aerial platform after the eject vehicle has been ejected from the aerial platform. 8. The eject vehicle of claim 1, wherein the eject vehicle is configured for disposition within a dispenser previously configured for dispensing passive countermeasures from a helicopter as the mobile platform. 9. A method of intercepting an aerial threat, comprising: ejecting an eject vehicle from a dispenser on board a helicopter;aligning the eject vehicle along an original intercept vector directed substantially toward the aerial threat with a pitch maneuver;accelerating the eject vehicle along the original intercept vector;receiving at the eject vehicle one or more communications indicating an updated intercept vector for the eject vehicle; andsequentially and laterally diverting the eject vehicle one or more times after commencement of accelerating the eject vehicle to adjust a course of the eject vehicle to more closely match the updated intercept vector. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein aligning the eject vehicle along the intercept vector comprises aligning a longitudinal axis of the eject vehicle to within about 15 degrees of the projected intercept point. 11. The method of claim 9, wherein aligning the eject vehicle comprises activating one or more of a plurality of alignment thrusters to rotate a longitudinal axis of the eject vehicle to substantially align with the projected intercept point and the aligning is completed before the accelerating. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the original intercept vector is determined by an aerial platform bearing the eject vehicle prior to the ejecting. 13. The method of claim 9, wherein each of the one or more times for diverting the eject vehicle comprises activating a divert thruster in a direction substantially perpendicular to a travel direction of the eject vehicle and from a point that is substantially near a center of mass of the eject vehicle. 14. The method of claim 9, wherein accelerating the eject vehicle further comprises rotating the eject vehicle at a spin rate. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein each of the one or more times for diverting the eject vehicle comprises activating a divert thruster in a direction substantially perpendicular to a travel direction of the eject vehicle, from a point that is substantially near a center of mass of the eject vehicle, and at a time that will cause the eject vehicle to divert in a desired direction relative to rotation of the eject vehicle. 16. The method of claim 9, further comprising exploding a warhead on the eject vehicle when it is within an intercept range of the aerial threat. 17. An eject vehicle for disposition on an aerial platform, comprising: a substantially cylindrical vehicle configured to be disposed within a substantially tubular dispenser configured for dispensing passive countermeasures from a helicopter as the aerial platform, wherein the substantially cylindrical vehicle is configured to be dispensed from the substantially tubular dispenser; andat least one thruster, at least one motor, or a combination thereof configured to cause the eject vehicle to perform a pitch maneuver after exiting the substantially tubular dispenser to substantially align the eject vehicle with an intercept vector and accelerate the eject vehicle along the intercept vector. 18. The eject vehicle of claim 17, further comprising one or more divert thrusters configured to divert the eject vehicle in a direction substantially perpendicular to the intercept vector. 19. The eject vehicle of claim 17, wherein the eject vehicle includes a rocket motor configured to drop off from the eject vehicle after completion of a burn of the rocket motor. 20. The eject vehicle of claim 19, further comprising at least one corner reflector configured to be exposed by the rocket motor dropping off and configured to enhance radar detection of the eject vehicle by a radar on the aerial platform. 21. The eject vehicle of claim 17, wherein the substantially cylindrical vehicle comprises a length of about 9.8 inches and a diameter of about 1.3 inches. 22. An active protection system for an aerial platform, comprising: one or more radar modules onboard the aerial platform configured to detect a plurality of aerial vehicles within a threat range of the aerial platform;one or more dispensers, each dispenser configured to hold one or more eject vehicles; anda computing system configured to: determine if any of the plurality of aerial vehicles are an aerial threat; andfor each determined aerial threat: determine an intercept vector to the aerial threat for use by at least one eject vehicle of the plurality of eject vehicles;communicate the intercept vector to the at least one eject vehicle;cause the at least one eject vehicle to be launched from the aerial platform to intercept the determined aerial threat;monitor flight of the aerial threat and flight of the at least one eject vehicle after launch in combination with the one or more radar modules; andwirelessly communicate at least one updated intercept vector to the at least one eject vehicle responsive to the monitoring. 23. The active protection system of claim 22, wherein the plurality of aerial vehicles includes at least one incoming aerial threat and at least one eject vehicle ejected from the aerial platform. 24. The active protection system of claim 22, wherein the computing system is configured in the one or more radar modules, a central processor on the aerial platform, or a combination thereof. 25. The active protection system of claim 22, wherein the computing system, the one or more radar modules, or a combination thereof is further configured to adjust a flight path of the eject vehicle by: tracking the eject vehicle as it moves along the intercept vector;determining a diversion vector in a direction substantially perpendicular to a travel direction of the eject vehicle; andcommunicating a divert command to the eject vehicle responsive to determining the diversion vector. 26. The active protection system of claim 25, wherein the computing system, the one or more radar modules, or a combination thereof is further configured to adjust the flight path of the eject vehicle up to a number of divert thrusters installed on the eject vehicle before intercepting the aerial threat. 27. The active protection system of claim 22, wherein the computing system, the one or more radar modules, or a combination thereof is further configured to: determine a detonation time when the eject vehicle will be within an intercept range of the aerial threat; andcommunicate a detonate command, the detonation time, or a combination thereof to the eject vehicle responsive to determining the detonation time. 28. The active protection system of claim 22, wherein the computing system, the one or more radar modules, or a combination thereof is further configured to: determine positions of one or more other aerial platforms relative to a position of the aerial platform; anddetermine if the active protection system should respond to an aerial threat detected by the aerial platform, responsive to at least the positions of the one or more other aerial platforms. 29. The active protection system of claim 28, wherein the computing system is further configured to: communicate with one or more other active protection systems on the one or more other aerial platforms; anddetermine if the active protection system should respond to the aerial threat detected by the aerial platform, responsive to the communication with the one or more other active protection systems. 30. The active protection system of claim 22, wherein each of the one or more radar modules comprises: an azimuth scanning radar configured to project an azimuth fan beam and sweep in a direction substantially perpendicular to the azimuth fan beam; andan elevation scanning radar configured to project an elevation fan beam in a direction substantially perpendicular to the azimuth fan beam and sweep in a direction substantially perpendicular to the elevation fan beam. 31. A method for active protection of an aerial platform, comprising: detecting an aerial threat within a threat range of the aerial platform;causing an eject vehicle to be launched from the aerial platform to intercept the aerial threat;determining an intercept vector to the aerial threat;communicating the intercept vector to the eject vehicle;tracking the eject vehicle during its flight;determining a diversion vector for the eject vehicle in a direction substantially perpendicular to a travel direction of the eject vehicle; andcommunicating a divert command to the eject vehicle responsive to determining the diversion vector. 32. The method of claim 31, further comprising repeating tracking the eject vehicle, determining the diversion vector, and communicating the divert command up to a number of divert thrusters installed on the eject vehicle before intercepting the aerial threat. 33. The method of claim 31, further comprising: determining a detonation time when the eject vehicle will be within an intercept range of the aerial threat; andcommunicating a detonate command, the detonation time, or a combination thereof to the eject vehicle responsive to determining the detonation time. 34. An active protection system for an aerial platform, comprising: an onboard system on the aerial platform comprising one or more radar modules and configured to: detect a plurality of aerial vehicles within a threat range of the aerial platform;determine if any of the plurality of aerial vehicles are an aerial threat;determine an intercept vector to a determined aerial threat; andcommunicate the intercept vector to at least one eject vehicle; anda plurality of eject vehicles, each eject vehicle comprising: a plurality of alignment thrusters configured to operate after the eject vehicle has been ejected from a dispenser to cause the eject vehicle to perform a pitch maneuver to substantially align a longitudinal axis of the eject vehicle with the intercept vector;a rocket motor configured to accelerate the eject vehicle along the longitudinal axis of the eject vehicle after the eject vehicle has been ejected from the dispenser and then detach from the eject vehicle; anda plurality of divert thrusters, each divert thruster configured to laterally divert the eject vehicle from an existing flight path in a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis after detachment of the rocket motor;wherein the eject vehicle is configured to activate one or more of the plurality of divert thrusters at different times to perform one or more sequential lateral adjustments to a then-existing flight path. 35. The active protection system of claim 34, wherein: the onboard system is further configured to, for each eject vehicle of the plurality of eject vehicles: track the eject vehicle as it moves along the intercept vector;determine a diversion vector in a direction substantially perpendicular to a travel direction of the eject vehicle;communicate a divert command to the eject vehicle responsive to determining the diversion vector; andthe eject vehicle is further configured to activate at least one of the one or more divert thrusters responsive to the divert command. 36. The active protection system of claim 34, wherein: the onboard system is further configured to, for each eject vehicle of the plurality of eject vehicles: determine a detonation time when the eject vehicle will be within an intercept range of the aerial threat;communicate a detonate command, the detonation time, or a combination thereof to the eject vehicle responsive to determining the detonation time; andthe eject vehicle is further configured to detonate responsive to the detonate command, the detonation time, or the combination thereof. 37. The active protection system of claim 34, wherein the onboard system is further configured to: track at least one aerial threat of the plurality of aerial threats for at least three radar sweeps; andextrapolate to an attacker location from which the at least one aerial threat was launched responsive to changes in position of the at least one aerial threat during the at least three radar sweeps. 38. An eject vehicle for disposition on an aerial platform, comprising: a plurality of alignment thrusters positioned on the eject vehicle offset from a center of mass of the eject vehicle and configured to adjust a pitch of the eject vehicle;a rocket motor for accelerating the eject vehicle and detaching from the eject vehicle to form a terminal vehicle without the rocket motor; anda plurality of divert thrusters positioned substantially near a center of mass of the terminal vehicle and configured to divert the terminal vehicle in a direction substantially perpendicular to an existing flight path. 39. An aerial vehicle, comprising: a lightweight guided projectile having a substantially cylindrical shaped body configured to be disposed within a substantially tubular dispenser configured for dispensing passive countermeasures from a helicopter, the lightweight guided projectile comprising at least one thruster and a rocket motor, a combination of which is configured to perform a pitch maneuver, a thrust maneuver and a divert maneuver of the lightweight guided projectile; anda warhead attached to the lightweight guided projectile. 40. The aerial vehicle of claim 39, wherein the substantially cylindrical shaped body comprises a length of 9.8 inches or less and a diameter of 1.3 inches or less. 41. A lightweight projectile package, comprising: a cartridge configured for secure placement in a dispenser configured for dispensing passive countermeasures from a helicopter;a lightweight guided projectile disposed in the cartridge and comprising at least one thruster and a rocket motor, a combination of which is configured to perform a pitch maneuver, a thrust maneuver and a divert maneuver of the lightweight guided projectile;an impulse cartridge positioned near a base of the cartridge and configured to fire in response to a fire command signal; andan ejection piston positioned between the impulse cartridge and the lightweight guided projectile, the ejection piston configured to transmit energy from the firing of the impulse cartridge to the lightweight guided projectile to propel the lightweight guided projectile out of the dispenser.

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Methods and apparatuses for active protection from aerial threats

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Methods and apparatuses for active protection from aerial threats

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