[미국특허]
Slurry dewatering and conversion of biosolids to a renewable fuel
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
C10L-001/10
C10G-001/02
C10L-009/08
F23G-007/00
C10G-001/00
C10L-005/46
C02F-103/00
C02F-011/10
출원번호
US-0563120
(2014-12-08)
등록번호
US-RE45869
(2016-01-26)
발명자
/ 주소
Dickinson, Norman L.
Bolin, Kevin M.
Dooley, Brian
출원인 / 주소
SGC Advisors, LLC
대리인 / 주소
Faegre Baker Daniels LLP
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
0인용 특허 :
138
초록▼
In the processes for treating municipal sewage and storm water containing biosolids to discharge standards, biosolids, even after dewatering, contain typically about 80% water bound in the dead cells of the biosolids, which gives biosolids a negative heating value. It can be incinerated only at the
In the processes for treating municipal sewage and storm water containing biosolids to discharge standards, biosolids, even after dewatering, contain typically about 80% water bound in the dead cells of the biosolids, which gives biosolids a negative heating value. It can be incinerated only at the expense of purchased fuel. Biosolids are heated to a temperature at which their cell structure is destroyed and, preferably, at which carbon dioxide is split off to lower the oxygen content of the biosolids. The resulting char is not hydrophilic, and it can be efficiently dewatered and/or dried and is a viable renewable fuel. This renewable fuel can be supplemented by also charging conventional biomass (yard and crop waste, etc.) in the same or in parallel facilities. Similarly, non-renewable hydrophilic fuels can be so processed in conjunction with the processing of biosolids to further augment the energy supply.
대표청구항▼
1. A process of converting biomass into a renewable fuel comprising the steps of: providing biomass comprising at least about 10% water;slurrying the biomass by performing at least one of the steps of grinding and adding at least one of fresh water, recycled water, steam, and a combination thereof t
1. A process of converting biomass into a renewable fuel comprising the steps of: providing biomass comprising at least about 10% water;slurrying the biomass by performing at least one of the steps of grinding and adding at least one of fresh water, recycled water, steam, and a combination thereof to form a pumpable slurry;applying sufficient pressure to the biomass slurry to maintain liquidity and form pressurized biomass;heating the pressurized biomass to a first temperature, wherein the first temperature is sufficient to form an aqueous char slurry, carbon dioxide, and free water;depressurizing the biomass char slurry;separating the carbon dioxide from the biomass char slurry;removing at least a portion of the free water from the biomass char slurry to provide a dewatered biomass char product containing a decreased oxygen content;drying a portion of the dewatered biomass char product to remove more of the free water and to provide a dried biomass char product;providing a first output of the dewatered biomass char product; andproviding a second output of the dried biomass char product. 2. The process of claim 1, wherein the biomass comprises sewage sludge. 3. The process of claim 1, further comprising the steps of: reacting the dewatered biomass char product with a gas comprising oxygen to thereby convert its fuel value into thermal energy; andusing the thermal energy. 4. The process of claim 1, wherein the first temperature is between about 200° C. and 345° C. (400° F. and 650° F.). 5. The process of claim 1, further comprising the step of adding an agent for dissolution of at least one polluting or slag-forming element present in the dewatered biomass char product. 6. The process of claim 5, wherein the agent comprises an alkali. 7. The process of claim 1, wherein a portion of the freed water is recycled to the adding step. 8. The process of claim 1, wherein the drying step comprises substantially removing water from the dewatered biomass char product as steam. 9. The process of claim 1, further comprising the step of cooling the aqueous char slurry to a second temperature less than the first temperature. 10. The process of claim 9, wherein the second temperature is about 40° C. to 90° C. (100° F. to 200° F.). 11. The process of claim 1, further comprising the step of discharging the carbon dioxide through a flame of at least one of an oxidizer and a process heater. 12. The process of claim 1, wherein process water from an adjacent wastewater treatment plant is used in the slurrying step. 13. The process of claim 1, further comprising the step of pretreating at least a portion of the free water to form pretreated water and recycling the pretreated water to an adjacent wastewater treatment plant. 14. The process of claim 1, further comprising the step of using a digester gas from an adjacent wastewater treatment plant as fuel for the heating step. 15. The process of claim 1, wherein the first output of the dewatered biomass char product has a higher moisture content than the second output of the dried biomass char product. 16. A process of converting a slurry of biosolids into a combustible fuel comprising the steps of: providing biosolids comprising at least about 10% water in a feed slurry;applying sufficient pressure to the feed slurry to maintain liquidity and form pressurized feed slurry;heating the pressurized feed slurry in a reactor-stripper tower to a sufficient temperature for cell rupture to form an aqueous char slurry, stripped carbon dioxide, and free water, the pressurized feed slurry flowing downwardly through the reactor-stripper tower to contract steam and the stripped carbon dioxide flowing upwardly through the reactor-stripper tower;depressurizing the aqueous char slurry;separating the stripped carbon dioxide from the aqueous char slurry; andremoving at least a portion of the free water from the aqueous char slurry to provide a dewatered char product. 17. The process of claim 16, wherein the aqueous char slurry exits from a base of the reactor-stripper tower, and the steam and the stripped carbon dioxide exit from a top of the reactor-stripper tower. 18. The process of claim 17, further comprising separating the stripped carbon dioxide from the steam by condensing the steam to distilled water. 19. The process of claim 16, wherein the reactor-stripper tower has a top-to-bottom temperature gradient from about 200° C. (400° F.) to about 260° C. (500° F.). 20. The process of claim 16, wherein the reactor-stripper tower has a top-to-bottom temperature gradient from about 150° C. (300° F.) to about 315° C. (600° F.). 21. A process of converting a slurry of a combination of at least one of a biosolids and low-rank fossil fuelsfuel into a combustible fuel comprising the steps of: providing biosolids comprising at least about 10% water;providing low-rank fossil fuel;mixing the biosolids and low-rank fossil fuel to form a feed slurry;applying sufficient pressure to the feed slurry to maintain liquidity and form pressurized feed slurry;heating the pressurized feed slurry to a sufficient temperature for cell rupture to form an aqueous char slurry comprising carbon dioxide and free water;depressurizing the aqueous char slurry;separating the carbon dioxide from the aqueous char slurry; andremoving at least a portion of the free water from the aqueous char slurry to provide a dewatered char product, wherein the removing step comprises adding at least one polymer to enhance separation of the free water from the aqueous char slurry. 22. The process of claim 21, wherein said applying step further comprises injecting steam into the slurry. 23. A process of converting a slurry of a combination of at least one of a biosolids and low-rank fossil fuelsfuel into a combustible fuel comprising the steps of: providing biosolids comprising at least about 10% water;providing low-rank fossil fuel;mixing the biosolids and low-rank fossil fuel to form a feed slurry;applying sufficient pressure to the feed slurry to maintain liquidity and form pressurized feed slurry;heating the pressurized feed slurry to a sufficient temperature for cell rupture to form an aqueous char slurry comprising carbon dioxide and free water;depressurizing the aqueous char slurry;separating the carbon dioxide from the aqueous char slurry; andremoving at least a portion of the free water from the aqueous char slurry to provide a dewatered char product,wherein, prior to the depressurizing step, a portion of the char slurry is recycled back to the heated, pressurized biosolids. 24. A method of converting sewage sludge comprising biosolids including cell-bound water into a product having a positive fuel value comprising: receiving a first biosolids feed from a first source;receiving a second biosolids feed from a second source, wherein the first biosolids feed is more dilute than the second biosolids feed and the second biosolids feed is more viscous than the first biosolids feed;mixing the first and second biosolids feeds to produce a pumpable biosolids feed;rupturing the biosolids cells in the pumpable biosolids feed to free the water bound therein;subjecting the ruptured biosolids cells to sufficient temperature to convert the ruptured biosolids cells into char; andremoving at least a portion of the water from the slurry to form a char product adapted to be combusted at an elevated temperature. 25. The method of claim 24, further comprising the step of suspending the ruptured biosolids cells in at least the water freed from the biosolids cells. 26. The method of claim 24, wherein the pumpable biosolids feed has a solids concentration of about 3% to 40%. 27. The method of claim 26, wherein the pumpable biosolids feed has a solids concentration of about 3% to 20%.
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