IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
|
국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
|
출원번호 |
US-0548243
(2012-07-13)
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등록번호 |
US-9315719
(2016-04-19)
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발명자
/ 주소 |
- Fang, Christopher Y.
- Chatterjee, Dilip K.
- Skala, Robert D.
- Coker, Christopher E.
- Loscutova, John R.
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출원인 / 주소 |
- Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.
|
대리인 / 주소 |
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인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
0 인용 특허 :
55 |
초록
A proppant having low surface friction is described, which is useful in hydrocarbon recovery. Methods of making low surface friction proppants are further described, as well as uses thereof.
대표청구항
▼
1. A proppant having low surface friction comprising an angle of repose of 30° or less; wherein said proppant comprises: a) a Krumbein sphericity of at least 0.5;b) a roundness of at least 0.5;c) a particle size distribution such that the proppant has a dps from about 0.001 to about 0.3, wherein dps
1. A proppant having low surface friction comprising an angle of repose of 30° or less; wherein said proppant comprises: a) a Krumbein sphericity of at least 0.5;b) a roundness of at least 0.5;c) a particle size distribution such that the proppant has a dps from about 0.001 to about 0.3, wherein dps=(dp90−dp10)/dp50 and wherein dp10 is a particle size wherein 10% of the particles have a smaller particle size, dp50 is a median particle size wherein 50% of the particles have a smaller particle size, and dp90 is a particle size wherein 90% of the particles have a smaller particle size;d) a porosity, excluding a central void, of from about 6% to about 40%; ande) proppant pores, wherein at least 90% of the proppant pores have a pore size of from about 0.1 micron to about 10 microns and at least 80% of the proppant pores are not in contact with each other. 2. The proppant of claim 1, wherein said angle of repose is 15° to 30°. 3. The proppant of claim 1, wherein said angle of repose is 15° to 22°. 4. The proppant of claim 1, wherein said angle of repose is 20° to 25°. 5. The proppant of claim 1, wherein said proppant comprises one or more ceramic materials. 6. The proppant of claim 1, wherein said proppant is a ceramic proppant. 7. The proppant of claim 1, wherein said proppant has a Krumbein sphericity of at least 0.9 and a roundness of at least 0.9. 8. The proppant of claim 1, wherein said proppant has a tight particle size distribution such that the proppant has a dps from about 0.075 to about 0.3, wherein dps=(dp90−dp10)/dp50 and wherein dp10 is a particle size wherein 10% of the particles have a smaller particle size, dp50 is a median particle size wherein 50% of the particles have a smaller particle size, and dp90 is a particle size wherein 90% of the particles have a smaller particle size. 9. The proppant of claim 1, wherein said proppant has a particle size of from 200 microns to about 2000 microns. 10. The proppant of claim 1, wherein said proppant has a crush strength of 10,000 psi or greater. 11. The proppant of claim 1, wherein said proppant has a crush strength of 5000 psi or greater. 12. The proppant of claim 1, wherein said proppant has a specific gravity of from about 1.0 to about 2.5. 13. The proppant of claim 1, further comprising at least one lubricant layer. 14. The proppant of claim 13, wherein said lubricant layer comprises graphite, molybdenum, disulphide, boron nitride, tungsten disulphide, hexagonal boron nitrite, or any other solid material with a lamellar-type crystal structure, or any combination thereof. 15. The proppant of claim 13, wherein said lubricant layer comprises carbon particles. 16. A method comprising: manufacturing a proppant; andmeasuring the angle of repose of the proppant, wherein said proppant comprises:a) a Krumbein sphericity of at least 0.5:b) a roundness of at least 0.5;c) a particle size distribution such that the proppant has a d from about 0.001 to about 0.3, wherein dps=(dp90−dp10)/dp50 and wherein dp10 is a particle size wherein 10% of the particles have a smaller particle size, dp50 is a median particle size wherein 50% of the particles have a smaller particle size, and dp90 is a particle size wherein 90% of the particles have a smaller particle size;d) a porosity, excluding a central void, of from about 6% to about 40%; ande) proppant pores, wherein at least 90% of the proppant pores have a pore size of from about 0.1 micron to about 10 microns and at least 80% of the proppant pores are not in contact with each other. 17. A method comprising: manufacturing a proppant having an angle of repose of 30° or less; andplacing the proppant in a transport fluid or carrying fluid, wherein said proppant comprises: a) a Krumbein sphericity of at least 0.5;b) a roundness of at least 0.5;c) a particle size distribution such that the proppant has a dps from about 0.001 to about 0.3, wherein dps=(dp90−dp10)/dp50 and wherein dp10 is a particle size wherein 10% of the particles have a smaller particle size, dp50 is a median particle size wherein 50% of the particles have a smaller particle size, and dp90 is a particle size wherein 90% of the particles have a smaller particle size;d) a porosity, excluding a central void, of from about 6% to about 40%; andc) proppant pores, wherein at least 90% of the proppant pores have a pore size of from about 0.1 micron to about 10 microns and at least 80% of the proppant pores are not in contact with each other. 18. A method comprising: manufacturing a first proppant having an angle of repose of 30° or less, wherein the first proppant comprises a ceramic material;measuring the agglomeration of the first proppant in a treatment fluid; wherein the first proppant has less agglomeration relative to a second proppant having an angle of repose greater than 30° and comprising the same ceramic material as the first proppant, wherein said first proppant comprises: a) a Krumbein sphericity of at least 0.5;b) a roundness of at least 0.5;c) a particle size distribution such that the proppant has a d from about 0.001 to about 0.3, wherein dps=(dp90−dp10)/dp50 and wherein dp10 is a particle size wherein 10% of the particles have a smaller particle size, dp50 is a median particle size wherein 50% of the particles have a smaller particle size, and dp90 is a particle size wherein 90% of the particles have a smaller particle size;d) a porosity, excluding a central void, of from about 6% to about 40%; ande) proppant pores, wherein at least 90% of the proppant pores have a pore size of from about 0.1 micron to about 10 microns and at least 80% of the proppant pores are not in contact with each other. 19. A method of achieving lower resistance to multi-phase flow in a subterranean formation comprising: introducing a proppant having an angle of repose of 30° or less into the subterranean formation such that the resistance to multi-phase flow in the subterranean formation is lowered; wherein said proppant comprises: a) a Krumbein sphericity of at least 0.5;b) a roundness of at least 0.5;c) a particle size distribution such that the proppant has a dps from about 0.001 to about 0.3, wherein dps=(dp90−dp10)/dp50 and wherein dp10 is a particle size wherein 10% of the particles have a smaller particle size, dp50 is a median particle size wherein 50% of the particles have a smaller particle size, and dp90 is a particle size wherein 90% of the particles have a smaller particle size;d) a porosity, excluding a central void, of from about 6% to about 40%; ande) proppant pores, wherein at least 90% of the proppant pores have a pore size of from about 0.1 micron to about 10 microns and at least 80% of the proppant pores ores are not in contact with each other. 20. A method to achieve lower pressure drop in a subterranean formation comprising: introducing a proppant having an angle of repose of 30° or less into the subterranean formation such that the pressure drop in the subterranean formation is lowered; wherein said proppant comprises:a) a Krumbein sphericity of at least 0.5;b) a roundness of at least 0.5:c) a particle size distribution such that the proppant has a dps from about 0.001 to about 0.3, wherein dps=(dp90−dp10)/dp50 and wherein dp10 is a particle size wherein 10% of the particles have a smaller particle size, dp50 is a median particle size wherein 50% of the particles have a smaller particle size, and dp90 is a particle size wherein 90% of the particles have a smaller particle size;d) a porosity, excluding a central void, of from about 6% to about 40%; ande) proppant pores, wherein at least 90% of the proppant pores have a pore size of from about 0.1 micron to about 10 microns and at least 80% of the proppant pores are not in contact with each other. 21. A method to reduce bridging and/or clogging of the proppant in a subterranean formation comprising: introducing a proppant having an angle of repose of 30° or less into the subterranean formation such that the bridging and/or clogging, of the proppant in the subterranean formation is reduced; wherein said proppant further comprises:a) a Krumbein sphericity of at least 0.5;b) a roundness of at least 0.5:c) a particle size distribution such that the proppant has a dps from about 0.001 to about 0.3, wherein dps=(dp90−dp10)/dp50 and wherein dp10 is a particle size wherein 10% of the particles have a smaller particle size, dp50 is a median particle size wherein 50% of the particles have a smaller particle size, and dp90 is a particle size wherein 90% of the particles have a smaller particle size;d) a porosity, excluding a central void, of from about 6% to about 40%; ande) proppant pores, wherein at least 90% of the proppant pores have a pore size of from about 0.1 micron to about 10 microns and at least 80% of the proppant pores are not in contact with each other. 22. A proppant formulation comprising the proppant of claim 1 in at least one carrier. 23. A method to prop open subterranean formation fractures comprising introducing the proppant formulation of claim 22 into the subterranean formation. 24. The proppant of claim 1, wherein the proppant has a dps from about 0.001 to about 0.25. 25. The proppant of claim 1, wherein the proppant has a from from about 0.001 to about 0.01. 26. The proppant of claim 1, wherein the proppant comprises a template shell and a shell that encompasses the template sphere.
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