Beam-steered wide bandwidth electromagnetic band gap antenna
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
H01Q-015/02
G06F-017/50
H01Q-001/34
H01Q-001/28
H01Q-001/40
H01Q-009/04
H01Q-015/00
H01Q-019/10
출원번호
US-0077409
(2013-11-12)
등록번호
US-9323877
(2016-04-26)
발명자
/ 주소
Ng, Jackson
Gilbert, Charles G.
출원인 / 주소
Raytheon Company
대리인 / 주소
Daly, Crowley, Mofford & Durkee, LLP
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
0인용 특허 :
23
초록▼
An antenna includes a radiating element that is held in a fixed orientation with respect to an underlying electromagnetic band gap (EBG) structure. In one embodiment, the radiating element and the EBG structure are both housed within a conductive cavity. The radiating element, the EBG structure, and
An antenna includes a radiating element that is held in a fixed orientation with respect to an underlying electromagnetic band gap (EBG) structure. In one embodiment, the radiating element and the EBG structure are both housed within a conductive cavity. The radiating element, the EBG structure, and the cavity are designed together to achieve an antenna having improved operational characteristics (e.g., enhanced bandwidth, beam steering, etc.). In some embodiments, the antenna may be implemented as a flush mounted or conformal antenna on an outer surface of a supporting platform.
대표청구항▼
1. An antenna comprising: a ground plane;an electromagnetic band gap (EBG) structure disposed about the ground plane, the EBG structure having a number of unit cells arranged in rows and columns wherein the rows and columns defined two orthogonal axes;a radiating element disposed above the EBG struc
1. An antenna comprising: a ground plane;an electromagnetic band gap (EBG) structure disposed about the ground plane, the EBG structure having a number of unit cells arranged in rows and columns wherein the rows and columns defined two orthogonal axes;a radiating element disposed above the EBG structure, the radiating element having a long dimension and a short dimension wherein one of the long and short dimensions is aligned along at least one of the two orthogonal axes defined by the rows and columns of the EBG structure;a conductive cavity defined by sidewalls and a bottom surface, the conductive cavity encompassing the EBG structure and the radiating element, and being open on a radiating side of the antenna; andwherein the EBG structure is spaced a predetermined distance from the sidewalls of the conductive cavity to provide a predetermined capacitance between the sidewalls of the conductive cavity and the EBG structure, and to provide the antenna having a predetermined bandwidth and beam steering angle. 2. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the antenna is configured for use with linearly polarized waves. 3. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the radiating element is oriented at an angle with respect to the axes defined by the rows and columns of the EBG structure such that the radiating element supports at least one of two orthogonally polarized electric fields. 4. The antenna of claim 3, wherein the angle at which the radiating element is oriented is selected based on the predetermined beam steam angle. 5. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the radiating element includes one of: a patch element, a dipole element, and a monopole element. 6. The antenna of claim 1, further comprising a feed circuit coupled to the radiating element through the ground plane and the EBG structure. 7. The antenna of claim 6, wherein at least two of the plurality of unit cells in the EBG structure have different dimensions than the remaining plurality of unit cells to accommodate the feed circuit through the EBG structure, and wherein a size and shape of the at least two of the plurality of unit cells is selected to provide a tuning structure for the predetermined bandwidth. 8. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the bottom surface of the conductive cavity includes the ground plane of the antenna assembly. 9. The antenna of claim 1, further comprising a radome covering an upper surface of the radiating element. 10. The antenna of claim 9, wherein an upper surface of the radome is substantially flush with an upper edge of the conductive cavity. 11. The antenna of claim 1, wherein an upper surface of the radiating element is substantially flush with an upper edge of the conductive cavity. 12. The antenna of claim 1, wherein: the conductive cavity is formed within an outer skin of a vehicle; andan upper surface of the antenna is flush with the outer skin of the vehicle. 13. The antenna of claim 12, wherein the vehicle includes one of: a ground vehicle, a watercraft, an aircraft, and a spacecraft. 14. The antenna of claim 1, wherein: a length, a width, and a height of the conductive cavity are each less than a wavelength at the center frequency of the antenna. 15. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the antenna is conformal to a curved surface of a mounting platform. 16. The antenna of claim 1, wherein: the radiating element is a first radiating element of a plurality of radiating elements each of the plurality of radiating elements disposed above the EBG structure, and having a long dimension and a short dimension, and an orientation that is orthogonal to an orientation of at least one other one of the plurality of radiating elements, wherein at least some of the radiating elements are disposed on different layers of the antenna. 17. An antenna assembly comprising: an electromagnetic band gap (EBG) structure having first and second opposing surfaces and a plurality of unit cells disposed there between, with the unit cells arranged in rows and columns which define two orthogonal axes;a radiating element disposed over a first one of the first and second opposing surfaces of the EBG structure, the radiating element having a long dimension and a short dimension, the radiating element being held in a fixed position with respect to the EBG structure such that one of the long and short dimensions of the radiating element is aligned with at least one of the orthogonal axes defined by the rows and columns of the EBG structure; anda feed circuit coupled to the radiating element through the EBG structure, wherein at least two of the plurality of unit cells in the EBG structure have smaller dimensions than the remaining plurality of unit cells to accommodate the feed circuit through the EBG structure. 18. The antenna assembly of claim 17, further comprising: a ground plane disposed over a second one of the first and second opposing surfaces of the EBG structure. 19. The antenna assembly of claim 17 wherein the antenna assembly is configured for insertion into a conductive cavity having dimensions that are selected to form an antenna having radiation performance that is characteristic of a larger antenna. 20. The antenna assembly of claim 19, wherein the EBG structure is spaced a predetermined distance from sidewalls of the conductive cavity to provide a capacitance value between the sidewalls of the conductive cavity and the EBG structure, and wherein the predetermined distance is selected to provide the antenna having a predetermined bandwidth and beam steering angle. 21. The antenna assembly of claim 17, wherein the radiating element is one of: a patch element, a dipole element and a monopole element. 22. The antenna assembly of claim 17, wherein: the antenna assembly is configured for insertion into a conductive cavity within an outer skin of a vehicle; andthe antenna assembly has a height that allows the antenna assembly to be mounted in the conductive cavity substantially flush to the outer skin of the vehicle. 23. A method for designing an antenna having at least one radiating element disposed above an electromagnetic band gap (EBG) structure within a conductive cavity, the at least one radiating element being aligned with respect to the EBG structure, the method comprising: determining an approximate size of the conductive cavity;selecting a dielectric material and a number and arrangement of unit cells to use in the EBG structure that will fit within the approximate size of the conductive cavity;selecting a radiating element;designing a unit cell of the EBG structure that will result in the antenna assembly having desired antenna response characteristics, wherein designing a unit cell takes into consideration performance effects of the conductive cavity on the operation of the EBG structure; andadjusting a size of at least the conductive cavity to space the EBG structure a predetermined distance from sidewalls of the conductive cavity to provide a predetermined capacitance between the sidewalls of the conductive cavity and the EBG structure, and to provide the antenna having a predetermined bandwidth and beam steering angle.
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