Method and system for tank refilling using active fueling speed control
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
B65B-039/00
F17C-005/06
F17C-005/00
출원번호
US-0832311
(2013-03-15)
등록번호
US-9347612
(2016-05-24)
발명자
/ 주소
Mathison, Steve
출원인 / 주소
Honda Motor Co., Ltd.
대리인 / 주소
Rankin, Hill & Clark LLP
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
0인용 특허 :
65
초록▼
Disclosed is an improved analytical method that can be utilized by hydrogen filling stations for directly and accurately calculating the end-of-fill temperature in a hydrogen tank that, in turn, allows for improvements in the fill quantity while tending to reduce refueling time. The calculations inv
Disclosed is an improved analytical method that can be utilized by hydrogen filling stations for directly and accurately calculating the end-of-fill temperature in a hydrogen tank that, in turn, allows for improvements in the fill quantity while tending to reduce refueling time. The calculations involve calculation of a composite heat capacity value, MC, from a set of thermodynamic parameters drawn from both the tank system receiving the gas and the station supplying the gas. These thermodynamic parameters are utilized in a series of simple analytical equations to define a multi-step process by which target fill times, final temperatures and final pressures can be determined. The parameters can be communicated to the station directly from the vehicle or retrieved from a database accessible by the station. Because the method is based on direct measurements of actual thermodynamic conditions and quantified thermodynamic behavior, significantly improved tank filling results can be achieved.
대표청구항▼
1. A method of filling a compressed gas tank, comprising: determining a fill time tfinal predicted to produce a gas final temperature Tfinal no greater than a target temperature T;determining a target pressure Ptarget predicted to produce a state of charge of 100% within the compressed gas tank;deli
1. A method of filling a compressed gas tank, comprising: determining a fill time tfinal predicted to produce a gas final temperature Tfinal no greater than a target temperature T;determining a target pressure Ptarget predicted to produce a state of charge of 100% within the compressed gas tank;delivering gas to the compressed gas tank at a pressure ramp rate that achieves the target pressure Ptarget at a conclusion of the determined fill time tfinal; andwherein, while delivering as to the compressed gas tank, the method further comprises: continuously measuring a pressure and temperature of gas dispensed to the compressed gas tank;continuously calculating a mass average enthalpy dispensed to the compressed gas tank based on the continuously measured pressure and temperature of the gas dispensed to the compressed gas tank; andcontinuously calculating the fill time tfinal based on the continuously calculated mass average enthalpy. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, while delivering gas to the gas tank, the method comprises: continuously calculating the pressure ramp rate that achieves the target pressure Ptarget based on the continuously calculated fill time tfinal;continuously determining a fueling speed based on the continuously calculated pressure ramp rate; andcontinuously adjusting the fueling speed to the continuously determined fueling speed while delivering gas to the gas tank. 3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the pressure ramp rate is continuously calculated according to the equation RR=Ptarget-Pcurrenttfinal(Ptarget-PinitialPtarget-2)-tcurrentwherein RR is the pressure ramp rate, Pcurrent is a current pressure, Pinitial is an initial pressure, and tcurrent is a current time elapsed since a start of filling the compressed gas tank. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein calculating the mass average enthalpy includes: calculating a current value of the mass average enthalpy based on measured values of the pressure and temperature at the time of calculation;comparing the calculated current value of the mass average enthalpy to a previously calculated value of the mass average enthalpy and a mass average enthalpy threshold value;if the calculated current value of the mass average enthalpy is less than the previously calculated value of the mass average enthalpy and the mass average enthalpy threshold value, then set the current value of the mass average enthalpy to equal the mass average enthalpy threshold value; andif the calculated current value of the mass average enthalpy is greater than or equal to at least one of the previously calculated value of the mass average enthalpy and the mass average enthalpy threshold value, then set the current value of the mass average enthalpy to equal the calculated current value of the mass average enthalpy. 5. A method of filling a compressed as tank, comprising: determining a fill time tfinal predicted to produce a gas final temperature Tfinal no greater than a target temperature T;determining a target pressure Ptarget predicted to produce a state of charge of 100% within the compressed gas tank;delivering gas to the compressed gas tank at a pressure ramp rate that achieves the target pressure Ptarget at a conclusion of the determined fill time tfinal;wherein calculating the fill time tfinal comprises: calculating an initial hot soak temperature THSinit for an initial mass of gas within the compressed gas tank;calculating a composite heat capacity value MC according to the equation MC=mcvCv(Tadiabatic-TFinal)(TFinal-THSinit)wherein mcv is a final mass, Cv is a specific heat capacity of hydrogen at constant volume, Tadiabatic is an adiabatic final gas temperature; and calculating the fill time tfinal according to the equation Δt=-1kln(1-[MC-A-BlnUadiabaticUinitialg]1j)IfΔt<0,tfinal=tmin,elsetfinal=tmin+Δtwherein tmin is a minimum fill time, A, B, k, g, and j are constants specific to the compressed gas tank, Uadiabatic is an adiabatic internal energy of a final mass of gas, and Uinitial is an initial internal energy of an initial volume of gas. 6. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: calculating an initial hot soak temperature THSinit for an initial mass of gas within the compressed gas tank, and determining the fill time tfinal through the initial hot soak temperature THSinit; andcalculating an initial cold soak temperature TCSinit for an initial mass of gas within the compressed gas tank, and determining a target pressure Ptarget through the initial cold soak temperature TCSinit. 7. A method of refueling a hydrogen tank on a hydrogen powered vehicle, comprising: determining a fill time tfinal predicted to produce a final hydrogen temperature Tfinal no greater than a target temperature T;determining a target pressure Ptarget predicted to produce a state of charge of 100%;delivering hydrogen to the hydrogen tank at a pressure ramp rate that will achieve the target pressure Ptarget at a conclusion of the determined fill time tfinal; andwherein, while delivering hydrogen to the hydrogen tank, the method further comprises: continuously measuring a pressure and temperature of hydrogen dispensed to the hydrogen tank;continuously calculating a mass average enthalpy dispensed to the hydrogen tank based on the continuously measured pressure and temperature of the hydrogen dispensed to the hydrogen tank; andcontinuously calculating the fill time tfinal based on the continuously calculated mass average enthalpy. 8. The method according to claim 7, wherein, while delivering hydrogen to the hydrogen tank, the method comprises: continuously calculating the pressure ramp rate that achieves the target pressure Ptarget based on the continuously calculated fill time tfinal;continuously determining a fueling speed based on the continuously calculated pressure ramp rate; andcontinuously adjusting the fueling speed to the continuously determined fueling speed while delivering hydrogen to the hydrogen tank. 9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the pressure ramp rate is continuously calculated according to the equation RR=Ptarget-Pcurrenttfinal(Ptarget-PinitialPtarget-2)-tcurrentwherein RR is the pressure ramp rate, Pcurrent is a current pressure, Pinitial is an initial pressure, and tcurrent is a current time elapsed since a start of filling the hydrogen tank. 10. The method according to claim 7, wherein calculating the mass average enthalpy includes: calculating a current value of the mass average enthalpy based on measured values of the pressure and temperature at the time of calculation;comparing the calculated current value of the mass average enthalpy to a previously calculated value of the mass average enthalpy and a mass average enthalpy threshold value;if the calculated current value of the mass average enthalpy is less than the previously calculated value of the mass average enthalpy and the mass average enthalpy threshold value, then set the current value of the mass average enthalpy to equal the mass average enthalpy threshold value; andif the calculated current value of the mass average enthalpy is greater than or equal to at least one of the previously calculated value of the mass average enthalpy and the mass average enthalpy threshold value, then set the current value of the mass average enthalpy to equal the calculated current value of the mass average enthalpy. 11. The method according to claim 7, wherein calculating the fill time tfinal comprises: calculating an initial hot soak temperature THSinit for an initial mass of hydrogen within the hydrogen tank;calculating a composite heat capacity value MC according to the equation MC=mcvCv(Tadiabatic-TFinal)(TFinal-THSinit)wherein mcv is a final mass, Cv is a specific heat capacity of hydrogen at constant volume, Tadiabatic is an adiabatic final gas temperature; andcalculating the fill time tfinal according to the equation Δt=-1kln(1-[MC-A-BlnUadiabaticUinitialg]1j)IfΔt<0,tfinal=tmin,elsetfinal=tmin+Δtwherein tmin is a minimum fill time, A, B, k, g, and j are constants specific to the gas tank, Uadiabatic is an adiabatic internal energy of a final mass of gas, and Uinitial is an initial internal energy of an initial volume of gas. 12. The method according to claim 7, further comprising: calculating an initial hot soak temperature THSinit for an initial mass of hydrogen within the hydrogen tank, and determining the fill time tfinal through the initial hot soak temperature THSinit; andcalculating an initial cold soak temperature TCSinit for an initial mass of hydrogen within the hydrogen tank, and determining a target pressure Ptarget through the initial cold soak temperature TCSinit. 13. A method of operating a hydrogen gas filling station, comprising: obtaining a first set of parametric data corresponding to a hydrogen powered vehicle;obtaining a second set of parametric data corresponding to station capabilities;obtaining a third set of parametric data corresponding to a refueling ambient;calculating a MC value based on the parametric data obtained;determining a fill time tfinal predicted to produce a gas final temperature Tfinal no greater than a target temperature T and achieve a state of charge of 100% within a tank; anddetermining a target pressure Ptarget predicted to produce a state of charge of 100% within the tank. 14. The method according to claim 13, wherein, while delivering gas to the tank, the method comprises: continuously measuring a pressure and temperature of gas dispensed to the tank;continuously calculating a mass average enthalpy dispensed to the tank based on the continuously measured pressure and temperature of the gas dispensed to the tank; andcontinuously calculating the fill time tfinal based on the continuously calculated mass average enthalpy. 15. The method according to claim 14, wherein, while delivering gas to the tank, the method comprises: continuously calculating a pressure ramp rate that achieves the target pressure Ptarget based on the continuously calculated fill time tfinal;continuously determining a fueling speed based on the continuously calculated pressure ramp rate; andcontinuously adjusting the fueling speed to the continuously determined fueling speed while delivering gas to the tank. 16. The method according to claim 15, wherein the pressure ramp rate is continuously calculated according to the equation RR=Ptarget-Pcurrenttfinal(Ptarget-PinitialPtarget-2)-tcurrentwherein RR is the pressure ramp rate, Pcurrent is a current pressure, Pinitial is an initial pressure, and tcurrent is a current time elapsed since a start of filling the compressed gas tank. 17. The method according to claim 14, wherein calculating the mass average enthalpy includes: calculating a current value of the mass average enthalpy based on measured values of the pressure and temperature at the time of calculation;comparing the calculated current value of the mass average enthalpy to a previously calculated value of the mass average enthalpy and a mass average enthalpy threshold value;if the calculated current value of the mass average enthalpy is less than the previously calculated value of the mass average enthalpy and the mass average enthalpy threshold value, then set the current value of the mass average enthalpy to equal the mass average enthalpy threshold value; andif the calculated current value of the mass average enthalpy is greater than or equal to at least one of the previously calculated value of the mass average enthalpy and the mass average enthalpy threshold value, then set the current value of the mass average enthalpy to equal the calculated current value of the mass average enthalpy. 18. The method according to claim 16, wherein determining the fill time comprises: calculating the fill time tfinal according to the equation Δt=-1kln(1-[MC-A-BlnUadiabaticUinitialg]1j)IfΔt<0,tfinal=tmin,elsetfinal=tmin+Δtwherein tmin is a minimum fill time, A, B, k, g, and j are constants specific to the tank, Uadiabatic is an adiabatic internal energy of a final mass of gas, and Uinitial is an initial internal energy of an initial volume of gas. 19. The method according to claim 5, wherein, while delivering gas to the compressed gas tank, the method comprises: continuously measuring a pressure and temperature of gas dispensed to the compressed gas tank;continuously calculating a mass average enthalpy dispensed to the compressed gas tank based on the continuously measured pressure and temperature of the gas dispensed to the compressed gas tank; andcontinuously calculating the fill time tfinal based on the continuously calculated mass average enthalpy.
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