초록 ▼

The present invention relates to a process for the hydrotreatment of a vegetal biomass. Specifically, the present invention relates to a process for the hydrotreatment of a vegetal biomass comprising: a) subjecting said vegetal biomass to a hydrotreatment in a first reactor, said hydrotreatment comp

The present invention relates to a process for the hydrotreatment of a vegetal biomass. Specifically, the present invention relates to a process for the hydrotreatment of a vegetal biomass comprising: a) subjecting said vegetal biomass to a hydrotreatment in a first reactor, said hydrotreatment comprises contacting said vegetal biomass in an aqueous medium and a metal oxide, a mixed metal oxide, or a metal-metalloid oxide catalyst comprising at least 35% by weight of metal oxide, mixed metal oxide, or metal-metalloid oxide relative to the total weight of the catalyst, with hydrogen at a pressure in the range of 10 to 400 bar and at a temperature in the range of 50° C. to 300° C. until a predetermined level of the hydrotreatment of said biomass is obtained and wherein the metal oxide, a mixed metal oxide, or a metal-metalloid oxide catalyst comprises nickel. Further, the present invention relates to a metal oxide, mixed metal oxide or metal-metalloid oxide catalyst. Furthermore, the present invention relates to the use of the catalyst.

대표청구항 ▼

1. Process for the hydrotreatment of a vegetal biomass comprising: a) subjecting said vegetal biomass to a hydrotreatment in a first reactor, said hydrotreatment comprises contacting said vegetal biomass in an aqueous medium and a metal oxide, a mixed metal oxide, or a metal-metalloid oxide catalyst

1. Process for the hydrotreatment of a vegetal biomass comprising: a) subjecting said vegetal biomass to a hydrotreatment in a first reactor, said hydrotreatment comprises contacting said vegetal biomass in an aqueous medium and a metal oxide, a mixed metal oxide, or a metal-metalloid oxide catalyst comprising at least 35% by weight of metal oxide, mixed metal oxide, or metal-metalloid oxide relative to the total weight of the catalyst, with hydrogen at a pressure in the range of 10 to 400 bar and at a temperature in the range of 50° C. to 300° C. until a predetermined level of the hydrotreatment of said biomass is obtained and wherein the metal oxide, a mixed metal oxide, or a metal-metalloid oxide catalyst comprises nickel;b) subjecting the mixture of step a) to a second hydrotreatment in a second reactor and contacting the hydrotreated vegetal biomass in an aqueous medium, and the catalyst of step a), or a different catalyst, with hydrogen at the pressure range of step a) and at a temperature equal to, or higher than the temperature of step a) and in the range of 50° C. to 450° C., until a predetermined level of second hydrotreatment of said biomass is obtained; andc) subjecting the mixture of step b) to a third hydrotreatment in a third reactor and contacting the hydrotreated vegetal biomass in an aqueous medium, and the catalyst of step a), or a different catalyst, with hydrogen at the pressure range of step a) and/or step b) and at a temperature equal to, or higher than the temperature of step b) and in the range of 50° C. to 450° C., until a predetermined level of third hydrotreatment of said biomass is obtained. 2. Process according to claim 1, wherein the process further comprises: d) subjecting the mixture of step c) to a fourth hydrotreatment in a fourth reactor and contacting the hydrotreated vegetal biomass in an aqueous medium, and the catalyst of step a), or a different catalyst, in an aqueous medium with hydrogen at the pressure range of step a) and/or step b) and/or step c) and at a temperature equal to, or higher than the temperature of step c), and in the range of 50° C. to 450° C., until a predetermined level of fourth hydrotreatment of said biomass is obtained. 3. Process according to claim 2, wherein step d) is repeated one or more times. 4. Process according to claim 1, wherein the mixed metal oxide, or metal-metalloid oxide catalyst comprises at least one other element chosen from the group consisting of Group 6, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 13 element from the Periodic Table. 5. Process according to claim 1, wherein the metal oxide, mixed metal oxide, or metal-metalloid oxide catalyst comprises at least 40% by weight of metal oxide or metal-metalloid oxide relative to the total weight of the catalyst. 6. Process according to claim 1, wherein the metal oxide, mixed metal oxide, or metal-metalloid oxide catalyst comprises at most 80% by weight of nickel relative to the total weight of the catalyst. 7. Process according to claim 1, wherein the mixed metal oxide, or metal-metalloid oxide catalyst comprises nickel and at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mo, W, Fe, Co, Pd, Cu, B, Al, Ga, In, and Tl. 8. Process according to claim 1, wherein the mixed metal oxide, or metal-metalloid oxide catalyst comprises nickel and copper or cobalt. 9. Process according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst comprises a stabilizing agent. 10. Process according to claim 9, wherein the catalyst comprises a stabilizing agent in amount of at most 35% by weight of the catalyst. 11. Process according to claim 9, wherein the stabilizing agent is selected from the group consisting of Al2O3, SiO2, ZrO2, CeO2, TiO2, Cr2O3, MoO2, WO2, V2O5, MnO2, La2O3 and a mixture thereof. 12. Process according to claim 1, wherein the vegetal biomass is pretreated at a temperature ranging 200° C. 13. Process according to claim 1, wherein the vegetal biomass is derived from a material containing lignitic and/or hemi-cellulosic and/or cellulosic materials. 14. Process according to claim 1, wherein the temperature in step a) is in the range 50° C. to 250° C. 15. Process according to claim 1, wherein the temperature in step b), c) and d) is in the range 50° C. to 350° C. 16. Process according to claim 1, wherein the pressure is in the range 10 bar to 350 bar. 17. Metal oxide, mixed metal oxide or metal-metalloid oxide catalyst, obtainable by a process comprising: 1) mixing hydrated metal oxides a NH3 aqueous solution2) adding a solution of a C1-C6 alkyl silicate in a C1 to C6-alkyl alcohol;3) impregnating with ZrO(NO3)2.2H2O and La(NO3)3.6H2O in water;4) drying the obtained product; and5) calcining the product obtained in 4) at a temperature in the range 350° C. to 900° C. 18. Mixed metal oxide or metal-metalloid oxide catalyst according to claim 17, comprising nickel, with the general formula: Ni⁢∑i=1n⁢⁢Mi⁢Owherein Mi is an element different from Ni chosen from the group consisting of Group 6, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 13 element from the Periodic Table, n is 1≦n≦5, and wherein the atomic ratio Ni/Σi=1n Mi is in the range 0.01 to 99, and wherein the total weight of metal, metals or metal-metalloid is at least 35% by weight of metal oxide, mixed metal oxide, or metal-metalloid oxide relative to the total weight of the catalyst. 19. Mixed metal oxide or metal-metalloid oxide catalyst according to claim 17, wherein the catalyst comprises nickel, with the general formula: Ni⁢∑i=1n⁢⁢Mi⁢Owherein Mi is an element different from Ni chosen from the group consisting of Group 6, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 13 element from the Periodic Table, n is 1≦n≦5, and wherein the atomic ratio Ni/Σi=1n Mi is in the range 0.01 to 99, and wherein the total weight of metal, metals or metal-metalloid is at least 35% by weight of metal oxide, mixed metal oxide, or metal-metalloid oxide relative to the total weight of the catalyst. 20. Mixed metal oxide or metal-metalloid oxide catalyst according to claim 17, wherein the at least one or two other element (s) is/are selected from the group consisting of Mo, W, Fe, Co, Pd, Cu, B, Al, Ga, In, and Tl. 21. Mixed metal oxide or metal-metalloid oxide catalyst according to claim 17, wherein the catalyst is selected from an oxide of the group consisting of NiCu, PdNi, NiB, NiMo, NiW, NiCuFe, NiCuGa, NiCuTl, PdNiCu, NiCuB, NiCuCo, NiCoFe, NiMoW, NiCuCoFe, and NiFeInGa. 22. Mixed metal oxide or metal-metalloid oxide catalyst according to claim 17, wherein the catalyst comprises a stabilizing agent in amount of not more than 35% by mass of the catalyst and is selected from the group consisting of Al2O3, SiO2, ZrO2, CeO2, TiO2, Cr2O3, MoO2, WO2, V2O5, MnO2, La2O3, and a mixture thereof.