IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
|
국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
|
출원번호 |
US-0420156
(2012-03-14)
|
등록번호 |
US-9383017
(2016-07-05)
|
발명자
/ 주소 |
- Young, Lionel A.
- Benedict, Joshua K.
- Davis, John
|
출원인 / 주소 |
- Flowserve Management Company
|
대리인 / 주소 |
Miller Canfield Paddock and Stone
|
인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
0 인용 특허 :
10 |
초록
▼
A mechanical face seal includes a pair of relatively rotatable seal rings having opposing seal faces which define a sealing region therebetween. The sealing region extends radially between the inside and outside diameters of the seal rings to seal a fluid in a sealing chamber near one diameter there
A mechanical face seal includes a pair of relatively rotatable seal rings having opposing seal faces which define a sealing region therebetween. The sealing region extends radially between the inside and outside diameters of the seal rings to seal a fluid in a sealing chamber near one diameter thereof. The seal faces are provided with tapered channel macro/micro features which generate hydrodynamic lift during relative rotation of the seal rings. The tapered channel macro/micro feature shows significant improvement in seal performance when compared to an untextured face. Low contact and hence low wear are attributed to a more distributed hydrodynamic load support function. Likewise, low leakage is believed to be the result of optimized cavitation function, and no debris was discovered in the micro-features at the conclusion of any testing.
대표청구항
▼
1. A mechanical face seal comprising: a pair of relatively rotatable seal rings having axially opposing seal faces which define a sealing region therebetween, said seal rings being annular so as to extend circumferentially about a rotation axis, and said sealing region extending radially between ins
1. A mechanical face seal comprising: a pair of relatively rotatable seal rings having axially opposing seal faces which define a sealing region therebetween, said seal rings being annular so as to extend circumferentially about a rotation axis, and said sealing region extending radially between inside and outside diameters of said seal rings to seal a fluid in a sealing chamber near one of said diameters thereof, said fluid being a liquid; andat least one of said seal faces including respective hydrodynamic macro/micro features which generate a fluid film of liquid that generates hydrodynamic lift during relative rotation of one of said seal rings relative to the other, said macro/micro features being formed as tapered channels which are spaced radially from both of said inside and outside diameters and have an axial depth defined by a central depth portion at a center of said tapered channels and have circumferentially spaced, tapered ends which extend circumferentially from said central depth portion and terminate at respective end edges to define a circumferential length, said central depth portion opening circumferentially into both of said tapered ends to allow said fluid to flow circumferentially from one of said tapered ends to the other of said tapered ends, and said tapered ends having flat, inclined channel faces which angle downwardly from said end edges at a constant slope relative to said seal face so that said tapered channels progressively decrease in depth from said axial depth at said central depth portion to each of said end edges at said seal face so that a film thickness of said fluid film progressively increases in conformance with said constant slope to a greatest film thickness at the center of said tapered channel and said fluid film fills the depth of said tapered channel in said central depth portion to generate said hydrodynamic lift during relative rotation of said seal rings. 2. The mechanical face seal according to claim 1, wherein said tapered channels are each defined by radially spaced, side edges which extend circumferentially along said central depth portion and said tapered ends, said side edges extending axially at an upright angle relative to a bottom surface of said central depth portion. 3. The mechanical face seal according to claim 1, wherein said tapered channels are distributed over said respective seal face in a plurality of circumferentially extending, annular rows. 4. The mechanical face seal according to claim 3, wherein said rows of the tapered channels are concentric and radially spaced apart from one another. 5. The mechanical face seal according to claim 4, wherein the tapered channels of each said row are radially staggered from one said annular row to the next to provide a greater distribution of said tapered channels over said seal face. 6. The mechanical face seal according to claim 1, wherein said tapered channels are each defined by radially spaced, side edges which extend circumferentially along said central depth portion and said tapered ends and define a radial width of said tapered channels, said tapered ends having said end edges which define said circumferential length of said tapered channels which is greater than said radial width. 7. The mechanical face seal according to claim 6, wherein said axial depth is substantially smaller than said circumferential length wherein a ratio of said axial depth to said circumferential length is between 0.00084 and 0.00422. 8. The mechanical face seal according to claim 1, wherein said tapered channels have a V-shaped cross-section when viewed radially which is defined by said inclined channel faces having said constant slope that intersect at a channel apex. 9. The mechanical face seal according to claim 1, wherein said tapered ends of said tapered channels converge axially into said seal face and each terminate at a respective apex defined at said central depth portion with a flat bottom surface being defined between said respective apex of one of said tapered ends on one side thereof and said respective apex of another of said tapered ends on another side thereof. 10. The mechanical seal face seal according to claim 7, wherein said ratio of said axial depth to said circumferential length generates said fluid film wherein said fluid film within said grooves is in a state of cavitation along a portion of said circumferential length extending between said tapered ends through said central depth portion. 11. The mechanical seal face seal according to claim 1, wherein said axial depth is substantially smaller than said circumferential length such that said fluid film within said grooves is in a state of full cavitation along said circumferential length. 12. A mechanical face seal comprising: a pair of relatively rotatable seal rings having axially opposing seal faces which define a sealing region therebetween, said seal rings being annular so as to extend circumferentially about a rotation axis, and said sealing region extending radially between inside and outside diameters of said seal rings to seal a fluid in a sealing chamber near one of said diameters thereof, said fluid being a liquid; andat least one of said seal faces including respective hydrodynamic macro/micro features which generate hydrodynamic lift during relative rotation of one of said seal rings relative to the other, at least one of said seal faces having said macro/micro features defined by a plurality of tapered channels which are distributed over the seal face in a plurality of circumferentially extending, annular rows that are concentric and spaced radially from both of said inside and outside diameters, said tapered channels serving as hydrodynamic lift features that generate a fluid film of said liquid that generates a hydrodynamic lift which provides axial separation of the seal faces that permits formation of said fluid film between the seal faces, said rows of the tapered channels being concentric and radially spaced apart from one another, each of said tapered channels having flat, inclined channel faces defined by a constant slope relative to said seal face and an axial depth defined by a central depth portion at a center of said tapered channels and having circumferentially spaced, tapered ends which are defined by said inclined channel faces so as to extend circumferentially from said central depth portion and terminate at respective end edges, said central depth portion opening circumferentially into both of said tapered ends so as to permit a flow of said fluid film circumferentially from one of said tapered ends into the other of said tapered ends and said fluid film has a greatest thickness at the center of said tapered channel, and said tapered ends progressively decreasing in depth as defined by said inclined channel faces with said constant slope, wherein said depth decreases from said central depth portion to said seal face, said tapered ends having said end edges defining a circumferential length greater than said axial depth wherein a ratio of said axial depth to said circumferential length is between 0.00084 and 0.00422. 13. The mechanical seal according to claim 12, wherein said tapered channels of each row are radially staggered from one annular row to the next to provide a greater distribution of the tapered channels over the seal face. 14. The mechanical face seal according to claim 12, wherein said axial depth is substantially smaller than said circumferential length such that said liquid of said fluid film within said grooves is in a state of cavitation along said circumferential length. 15. The mechanical face seal according to claim 12, wherein said tapered ends of said tapered channels extend axially into said seal face and terminate at a respective apex defined at said central depth portion, said central depth portion being defined by an axial-facing bottom surface terminating circumferentially at one said apex at each opposite end. 16. A mechanical face seal comprising: a pair of relatively rotatable seal rings having axially opposing seal faces which define a sealing region therebetween, said seal rings being annular so as to extend circumferentially about a rotation axis, and said sealing region extending radially between inside and outside diameters of said seal rings to seal a fluid in a sealing chamber near one of said diameters thereof, said fluid being a liquid; andat least one of said seal faces including respective hydrodynamic macro/micro features which generate a fluid film of liquid which generates hydrodynamic lift during relative rotation of one of said seal rings relative to the other, said macro/micro features being formed as tapered channels which are spaced radially from both of said inside and outside diameters and each have an axial depth defined by a central depth portion and have circumferentially spaced, tapered ends which are flat and extend circumferentially from said central depth portion and terminate at respective end edges which define a circumferential length of each said tapered channel, said central depth portion opening circumferentially into both of said tapered ends so that fluid flows circumferentially from one of said tapered ends to the other of said tapered ends with said fluid film having a greatest film thickness at said central depth portion, and said tapered ends progressively decreasing in depth through a constant slope from said central depth portion to said seal face to generate said hydrodynamic lift during relative rotation of said seal rings, said tapered ends of said tapered channels converging axially into said seal face and each terminating at a respective apex defined at said central depth portion, said tapered channels each being defined by radially spaced, side faces which extend circumferentially along said central depth portion and said tapered ends, wherein said side edges extend axially at an upright angle relative to a bottom of said central depth portion, said axial depth is substantially smaller than said circumferential length such that a ratio of said axial depth to said circumferential length is between 0.00084 and 0.00422 so that said fluid film of liquid within said grooves is in a state of cavitation along a portion of said circumferential length extending along at least one of said tapered ends and beyond said central depth portion to the other of said tapered ends. 17. The mechanical face seal according to claim 16, wherein said tapered ends of said tapered channels converge axially into said seal face and each terminate at the same point such that said apex at which each said tapered end terminates is the same apex to define a V-shaped cross section when viewed radially. 18. The mechanical face seal according to claim 16, wherein said central depth portion is defined by an axial-facing, flat bottom surface terminating circumferentially at opposite ends, wherein each end is the apex at which the respective tapered end of the tapered channels terminates. 19. The mechanical face seal according to claim 16, wherein said tapered channels are distributed over said respective seal face in a plurality of circumferentially extending, annular rows. 20. The mechanical face seal according to claim 19, wherein said rows of the tapered channels are concentric and radially spaced apart from one another.
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