Vapor-liquid heat and/or mass exchange device
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
F25B-015/00
F25B-015/16
F25B-017/00
F25B-017/02
F25B-030/04
F25B-039/02
F25B-043/04
F25B-015/02
F25B-037/00
F28D-009/00
F28D-021/00
F28C-003/06
F25B-035/02
F25B-035/00
F28F-003/12
출원번호
US-0814792
(2011-08-10)
등록번호
US-9464823
(2016-10-11)
국제출원번호
PCT/US2011/047304
(2011-08-10)
§371/§102 date
20130207
(20130207)
국제공개번호
WO2012/021658
(2012-02-16)
발명자
/ 주소
Garimella, Srinivas
Delahanty, Jared Carpenter
Nagavarapu, Ananda Krishna
출원인 / 주소
GEORGIA TECH RESEARCH CORPORATION
대리인 / 주소
Troutman Sanders LLP
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
0인용 특허 :
5
초록▼
The invention is directed toward a vapor-liquid heat and/or mass exchange device that can be used in an integrated heat and/or mass transfer system. To achieve high heat and mass transfer rates, optimal temperature profiles, size reduction and performance increases, appropriately sized flow passages
The invention is directed toward a vapor-liquid heat and/or mass exchange device that can be used in an integrated heat and/or mass transfer system. To achieve high heat and mass transfer rates, optimal temperature profiles, size reduction and performance increases, appropriately sized flow passages with microscale features, and countercurrent flow configurations between working fluid solution, vapor stream, and/or the coupling fluid in one or more functional sections of the desorber are implemented. In one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a desorber section utilizes a heating fluid flowing in a generally upward direction and a concentrated solution flowing in a generally downward direction with gravity countercurrent to the rising desorbed vapor stream. To further increase the efficiency of the system, various types of column configurations can be used. Additionally, the surfaces of the microchannels can be altered to better transfer heat.
대표청구항▼
1. An exchange device for use in an integrated heat and mass transfer apparatus, the exchange device comprising: a top end plate with a plurality of ports for inputting a coupling fluid and a working fluid solution into the exchange, wherein the working fluid solution comprises an absorbent and a re
1. An exchange device for use in an integrated heat and mass transfer apparatus, the exchange device comprising: a top end plate with a plurality of ports for inputting a coupling fluid and a working fluid solution into the exchange, wherein the working fluid solution comprises an absorbent and a refrigerant, wherein the top end plate is configured to output the coupling fluid, the working fluid solution, and a vapor of the refrigerant out of the exchange device;a distribution plate for distributing the coupling fluid and the working fluid solution into the exchange device and distributing the coupling fluid, working fluid solution and the vapor of the refrigerant out of the exchange device;a transfer section formed by a first unit of matched and joined shims, the transfer section having at least one heat exchange region defined by a plurality of rows of compact flow passages with microscale features formed by the matched and joined shims of the first unit;wherein the plurality of rows of compact flow passages includes a plurality of desorber-rectifier columns, a plurality of coolant channels, and a plurality of heating channels;wherein the plurality desorber-rectifier columns generate a countercurrent flow pattern between the coupling fluid and the working fluid solution when the coupling fluid and the working fluid solution are introduced into the exchange device;wherein the exchange device is oriented such that the coupling fluid travels in a generally upward direction within the plurality of desorber-rectifier columns, and the working fluid solution travels in a generally downward direction with gravitational assistance within the plurality of desorber-rectifier columns; andwherein the countercurrent flow pattern creates a heat transfer relationship between a vapor of the refrigerant and the working fluid solution;a bottom endplate that provides a fluid barrier;wherein the heat transfer relationship generates desorption of the refrigerant from the working fluid solution and absorption of the refrigerant into the working fluid solution; andwherein the heat transfer between the working fluid solution and the vapor of the refrigerant is achieved through an angular geometry of the plurality of desorber-rectifier columns without leading to flooding or flow reversal of the working fluid solution by the vapor of the refrigerant desorbed from or absorbed into the working fluid solution. 2. The exchange device of claim 1, wherein the device is a heat exchanger. 3. The exchange device of claim 1, wherein the device is a mass exchange device. 4. The exchange device of claim 1, wherein the device is a combined heat and mass exchange device. 5. The exchange device of claim 1, wherein the refrigerant is ammonia and the absorbent is water. 6. The exchange device of claim 1, wherein the transfer section is further formed by a plurality of second units of matched and joined shims. 7. The device of claim 1, further comprising a rectifier section that purifies the vapor. 8. A desorber for use in an integrated heat and mass transfer apparatus, the desorber comprising: a top end plate with a plurality of ports for inputting a heating fluid and a concentrated solution into the desorber, wherein the concentrated solution comprises an absorbent and a refrigerant, wherein the top end plate is configured to output the heating fluid, the concentrated solution, and a vapor of the refrigerant out of the desorber;a distribution plate for distributing the heating fluid and the concentrated solution into the desorber and distributing the heating fluid, concentrated solution and the vapor of the refrigerant out of the desorber;a desorber section formed by a first unit of matched and joined shims, the desorber section having at least one heat exchange region defined by a plurality of rows of flow passages with microscale features formed by the matched and joined shims of the first unit;wherein the plurality of rows of flow passages includes a plurality of desorber-rectifier columns, a plurality of coolant channels, and a plurality of heating channels;wherein the plurality of desorber-rectifier columns generate a countercurrent flow pattern between the heating fluid and the concentrated solution;wherein the desorber is oriented such that the heating fluid travels in a generally upward direction and the concentrated solution travels in a generally downward direction with gravitational assistance;wherein the countercurrent flow pattern creates a heat transfer relationship between the vapor of the refrigerant and the concentrated solution to desorb the vapor of the refrigerant from at least a portion of the concentrated solution;a bottom endplate that provides a fluid barrier; andwherein the heat transfer between the concentrated solution and the vapor of the refrigerant is achieved through an angular geometry of the plurality of desorber-rectifier columns without leading to flooding or flow reversal of the concentrated solution by the vapor of the refrigerant desorbed from or absorbed into the concentrated solution. 9. The desorber of claim 8, wherein the refrigerant is ammonia and the absorbent is water. 10. The desorber of claim 8, wherein the desorber section is further formed by a plurality of second units of matched and joined shims. 11. The desorber of claim 8, further comprising a rectifier section that purifies the vapor of the refrigerant through heat exchange with a coolant to reduce the temperature of at least a portion of the vapor of the refrigerant. 12. The desorber of claim 11, wherein the coolant is a hydronic coupling fluid or concentrated ammonia-water solution. 13. The desorber of claim 8, further comprising an analyzer section for recuperative heat and mass exchange between the concentrated solution and the vapor of the refrigerant to preheat the concentrated solution and to partially purify the vapor of the refrigerant prior to their introduction into the desorber section. 14. A method of heat and/or mass exchange, the method comprising: inputting, through a plurality of ports in a to end plate, a coupling fluid into a transfer section formed by a first unit of matched and joined shims, the transfer section having at least one heat exchange region defined by a plurality of rows of flow passages with microscale features formed by the matched and joined shims of the first unit;distributing, through a distribution plate, the coupling fluid and a working fluid solution into the transfer section;the working fluid comprising an absorbent and a refrigerant; anddistributing, through the distribution plate, the coupling fluid, the working fluid, and a vapor of the refrigerant out of the transfer section;providing a bottom endplate to provide a fluid barrier;wherein the plurality of rows of compact flow passages includes a plurality of desorber-rectifier columns, a plurality of coolant channels, and a plurality of heating channels;facilitating a countercurrent flow pattern relationship between the coupling fluid and the working fluid solution within the plurality of desorber-rectifier columns;inputting the working fluid solution into the transfer section, wherein the plurality of desorber-rectifier columns facilitate the countercurrent flow pattern between the coupling fluid and the working fluid solution;generating, via the countercurrent flow pattern, desorption of the refrigerant from the working fluid solution and absorption of the refrigeration into the working fluid solution;facilitating the flow pattern with an angular geometry that prevents flooding or flow reversal; andtransferring a component of the working fluid solution in the transfer section. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein transferring the component in the transfer section comprises desorbing the vapor of the refrigerant from at least a portion of the working fluid solution. 16. The method of claim 15, further comprising rectifying the vapor of the refrigerant. 17. The method of claim 14, wherein transferring the component in the transfer section comprises absorbing the vapor of the refrigerant into at least a portion of the working fluid solution. 18. The method of claim 14, further comprising joining a plurality of second units to the first unit.
Sugimori Shigeru (Kanagawaken JPX) Kojima Tetsuhiko (Kanagawaken JPX), New high temperature liquid-crystalline substances consisting of 4 or 5 six-member-rings and liquid-crystalline composit.
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