Semi-isothermal compression engines with separate combustors and expanders, and associated systems and methods
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
F02G-001/055
F01K-013/00
F02G-001/05
F02G-001/057
출원번호
US-0135344
(2013-12-19)
등록번호
US-9551292
(2017-01-24)
발명자
/ 주소
Frazier, Scott R.
Lau, Alex
Von Herzen, Brian
출원인 / 주소
Bright Energy Storage Technologies, LLP
대리인 / 주소
Perkins Coie LLP
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
1인용 특허 :
83
초록▼
Engine systems and associated methods, including systems with semi-isothermal compression devices are disclosed. An engine system in accordance with a particular embodiment includes a compressor having a compressor inlet and outlet, a combustor having a combustor inlet coupled to the compressor outl
Engine systems and associated methods, including systems with semi-isothermal compression devices are disclosed. An engine system in accordance with a particular embodiment includes a compressor having a compressor inlet and outlet, a combustor having a combustor inlet coupled to the compressor outlet and further having a combustor outlet, a positive displacement expander having an expander inlet coupled to the combustor outlet, and further having an expander outlet and a work output device. A valve is coupled between the combustor and the expander to regulate a flow of hot combustion products passing from the combustor to the expander, and an exhaust energy recovery device is coupled to the expander outlet to extract energy from the combustion products exiting the expander.
대표청구항▼
1. An engine system, comprising: a compressor having a compressor inlet and a compressor outlet;a combustor having a combustor inlet coupled to the compressor outlet, the combustor further having a combustor outlet;a compressed air storage volume coupled between the compressor and the combustor;a po
1. An engine system, comprising: a compressor having a compressor inlet and a compressor outlet;a combustor having a combustor inlet coupled to the compressor outlet, the combustor further having a combustor outlet;a compressed air storage volume coupled between the compressor and the combustor;a positive displacement expander having an expander inlet coupled to the combustor outlet, the expander further having an expander outlet, and a work output device;a valve coupled between the combustor and the expander to regulate a flow of hot combustion products passing from the combustor to the expander; andan exhaust energy recovery device coupled to the expander outlet to extract energy from the combustion products exiting the expander. 2. The system of claim 1 wherein the exhaust energy recovery device includes a heat exchanger having a first flowpath and a second flowpath in thermal communication with the first flowpath, the first flowpath being coupled between the compressor and the combustor, the second flowpath being coupled to the expander outlet. 3. The system of claim 1 wherein the valve includes a rotary valve. 4. The system of claim 3 wherein the rotary valve includes: a cylinder having a wall positioned radially outwardly around an annular passage, the cylinder being rotatable about an axis aligned generally axially with the annular passage, the wall having a port that aligns with the expander inlet when the cylinder is at a first rotational position and that does not align with the expander inlet when the cylinder is at a second rotational position different than the first. 5. The system of claim 3 wherein the valve includes an actively cooled rotary valve. 6. The system of claim 1 wherein the valve is formed from materials that are rated to withstand sustained temperatures in excess of 1400K. 7. The system of claim 1, further comprising a fuel source coupled to the combustor. 8. The system of claim 1, further comprising a valve coupled among the compressor, the storage volume and the combustor, the valve having a first position to direct air from the compressor to the storage volume, the valve having a second position to direct air from the storage volume to the combustor. 9. The system of claim 1 wherein the compressed air storage volume includes a portable storage tank. 10. The system of claim 9 wherein the storage tank, the compressor, the combustor, the expander and the exhaust energy recovery device are housed in a portable storage container. 11. The system of claim 9 wherein the storage tank, the compressor, the combustor, the expander and the exhaust energy recovery device are housed on a rail car. 12. The system of claim 1 wherein the storage volume includes a subterranean volume. 13. The system of claim 1 wherein the storage volume includes a submarine volume. 14. An engine system, comprising: a multi-stage compressor having a compressor inlet and a compressor outlet;an intercooler coupled in fluid communication between stages of the compressor;a combustor having a combustor inlet coupled to the compressor outlet, the combustor further having a combustor outlet;a positive displacement expander having an expander inlet coupled to the combustor outlet, the expander further having an expander outlet, and a work output device;a regenerative fluid system coupled to at least one of the combustor and the expander to cool the at least one of the combustor and the expander, and further coupled to the combustor to deliver a regenerative fluid to the combustor; andan exhaust energy recovery device coupled to the expander outlet to extract energy from combustion products exiting the expander. 15. The system of claim 14 wherein the exhaust energy recovery device includes a heat exchanger having a first flowpath and a second flowpath in thermal communication with the first flowpath, the first flowpath being coupled between the compressor and the combustor, the second flowpath being coupled to the expander outlet. 16. The system of claim 14, further comprising a valve between the combustor and the expander, the valve having an operating range of up to about 2400K. 17. The system of claim 14 wherein the expander is a rotary expander, and wherein the system includes a port and no valve coupled in fluid communication between the expander inlet and the combustor outlet. 18. The system of claim 14 wherein the expander is a reciprocating expander. 19. The system of claim 14, further comprising a controller operatively coupled to the combustor to control an intermittent combustion process at the combustor. 20. The system of claim 19 wherein the controller includes a computer readable medium programmed with instructions for controlling the intermittent combustion process at the combustor. 21. The system of claim 14 wherein the combustor has an uninterrupted inlet and is positioned to provide a continuous flow of combustion products to the expander over multiple expander cycles. 22. An engine system, comprising: a semi-isothermal compressor having: a compressor inlet;a compressor outlet;a first compressor stage having a first stage outlet;a second compressor stage coupled to the first compressor stage and having a second stage inlet; andan intercooler coupled in fluid communication between the first stage outlet and the second stage inlet;a combustor having a combustor inlet coupled to the compressor outlet, the combustor further having a combustor outlet;a reciprocating positive displacement expander having an expander inlet coupled to the combustor outlet, the expander further having an expander outlet, and a shaft output device;a valve coupled between the combustor and the expander to regulate a flow of hot combustion products passing from the combustor to the expander, the valve including: a valve body;a cylinder rotatably housed in the valve body, the cylinder having a wall positioned radially outwardly from an annular passage, the cylinder being rotatable about an axis aligned generally axially with the annular passage, the wall having a port that aligns with the expander inlet when the cylinder is at a first rotational position and that does not align with the expander inlet when the cylinder is at a second rotational position different than the first, wherein the cylinder includes an axially extending first gas passage and an axially extending second gas passage positioned annularly inwardly from and coupled to the first gas passage, and wherein the first gas passage is positioned to receive a flow of cooling gas and direct the cooling gas in a first axial direction into the second gas passage, and wherein the second gas passage is positioned to receive the cooling gas from the first gas passage and direct the cooling gas in a second axial direction opposite the first axial direction and into the annular passage; anda heat exchanger having a first flowpath and a second flowpath in thermal communication with the first flowpath, the first flowpath being coupled between a storage vessel and the combustor, the second flowpath being coupled to the expander outlet. 23. The system of claim 22, wherein the compressor is a first compressor, and wherein the system further comprises: a fluid storage volume;a second compressor coupled between the fluid storage volume and the first compressor, wherein the second compressor is dynamically reversible to operate alternately as a compressor and an expander. 24. An engine system, comprising: a compressor having a compressor inlet and a compressor outlet;a combustor having a combustor inlet coupled to the compressor outlet, the combustor further having a combustor outlet;a positive displacement expander having an expander inlet coupled to the combustor outlet, the expander further having an expander outlet, and a work output device;a rotary valve coupled between the combustor and the expander to regulate a flow of hot combustion products passing from the combustor to the expander, wherein the rotary valve includes: a cylinder having a wall positioned radially outwardly around an annular passage, the cylinder being rotatable about an axis aligned generally axially with the annular passage, the wall having a port that aligns with the expander inlet when the cylinder is at a first rotational position and that does not align with the expander inlet when the cylinder is at a second rotational position different than the first; andan exhaust energy recovery device coupled to the expander outlet to extract energy from the combustion products exiting the expander. 25. The system of claim 24 wherein the valve includes at least one axially extending first gas passage and at least one axially extending second gas passage positioned annularly inwardly from and coupled to the at least one first gas passage, and wherein the first gas passage is positioned to receive a flow of cooling gas and direct the cooling gas in a first axial direction into the second gas passage, and wherein the second gas passage is positioned to receive the cooling gas from the first gas passage and direct the cooling gas in a second axial direction opposite the first axial direction. 26. The system of claim 25 wherein the second gas passage is further positioned to direct the cooling flow into the annular passage. 27. An engine system, comprising: a compressor having a compressor inlet and a compressor outlet;a combustor having a combustor inlet coupled to the compressor outlet, the combustor further having a combustor outlet;a positive displacement expander having an expander inlet coupled to the combustor outlet, the expander further having an expander outlet, and a work output device;an actively cooled rotary valve coupled between the combustor and the expander to regulate a flow of hot combustion products passing from the combustor to the expander; andan exhaust energy recovery device coupled to the expander outlet to extract energy from the combustion products exiting the expander. 28. The system of claim 27 wherein the valve includes at least one cooling gas passage.
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