Energy recovery apparatus for use in a refrigeration system
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
F25D-009/00
F25B-011/02
F25B-011/00
F25B-041/00
출원번호
US-0179899
(2014-02-13)
등록번호
US-9562705
(2017-02-07)
발명자
/ 주소
Cupps, Jay M.
Post, Steven W.
출원인 / 주소
Regal Beloit America, Inc.
대리인 / 주소
Thompson Coburn LLP
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
0인용 특허 :
17
초록▼
An energy recovery apparatus, for use in a refrigeration system, comprises a first nozzle, a second nozzle, a turbine, a discharge port, and a housing. The first nozzle comprises a first passageway which is adapted to constitute a portion of a refrigerant flow path when the refrigeration system is o
An energy recovery apparatus, for use in a refrigeration system, comprises a first nozzle, a second nozzle, a turbine, a discharge port, and a housing. The first nozzle comprises a first passageway which is adapted to constitute a portion of a refrigerant flow path when the refrigeration system is operated in a first mode. The second nozzle comprises a second conduit which is adapted to constitute a portion of the flow path when the refrigeration system is operated in a second mode. The turbine is positioned to be driven by refrigerant discharged from either or both of the first and second passageways. The discharge port is adapted to permit refrigerant to flow out of the energy recovery apparatus. The discharge port of the energy recovery apparatus is downstream of the turbine. The turbine is within the housing.
대표청구항▼
1. A refrigeration system comprising an evaporator, a multi-speed compressor operable in at least a first speed and a second speed different from the first speed, a condenser, and an energy recovery apparatus, the refrigeration system being configured to circulate refrigerant along a flow path such
1. A refrigeration system comprising an evaporator, a multi-speed compressor operable in at least a first speed and a second speed different from the first speed, a condenser, and an energy recovery apparatus, the refrigeration system being configured to circulate refrigerant along a flow path such that the refrigerant flows from the evaporator to the compressor, and from the compressor to the condenser, and from the condenser to the energy recovery apparatus, and from the energy recovery apparatus to the evaporator, the energy recovery apparatus comprising: a first nozzle comprising a first conduit region defining a first passageway, the first passageway having a discharge end, the first passageway being adapted to constitute a portion of the flow path when the refrigeration system is operated in a first mode, the first nozzle being adapted and configured such that refrigerant is expanded as it passes through the first nozzle and is discharged from the discharge end of the first passageway in a liquid-vapor state with a liquid component and a vapor component;a second nozzle comprising a second conduit region defining a second passageway, the second passageway having a discharge end, the second passageway being adapted to constitute a portion of the flow path when the refrigeration system is operated in a second mode, the second nozzle being adapted and configured such that refrigerant is expanded as it passes through the second nozzle and is discharged from the discharge end of the second passageway in a liquid-vapor state with a liquid component and a vapor component;a turbine positioned and configured to be driven by refrigerant discharged from the discharge end of the first passageway and by refrigerant discharged from the discharge end of the second passageway;a generator coupled to the turbine and adapted to be driven by the turbine;a discharge port adapted to permit refrigerant to flow out of the energy recovery apparatus, the discharge port of the energy recovery apparatus being downstream of the turbine; anda housing, the turbine being within the housing;the refrigeration system being configured and adapted such that the first passageway is in the flow path when the compressor is operated at the first speed but not when the compressor is operated at the second speed, and the refrigeration system being configured and adapted such that the second passageway is in the flow path when the compressor is operated at the second speed but not when the compressor is operated at the first speed. 2. A refrigeration system as set forth in claim 1 wherein the first conduit region of the first nozzle is integrally formed as a portion of the housing, and wherein the second conduit region of the second nozzle is integrally formed as a portion of the housing. 3. A refrigeration system as set forth in claim 1 wherein the generator is within the housing. 4. A refrigeration system as set forth in claim 1 wherein each of the first and second passageways has an upstream cross-section, a downstream cross-section, and a passageway length extending from the upstream cross-section to the downstream cross-section, the downstream cross-section of the first passageway being closer to the discharge end of the first passageway than to the upstream cross-section of the first passageway, the downstream cross-section of the second passageway being closer to the discharge end of the second passageway than to the upstream cross-section of the second passageway, the cross-sectional area of the first passageway at the downstream cross-section of the first passageway being not greater than the cross-sectional area of the first passageway at any point along the passageway length of the first passageway, the cross-sectional area of the second passageway at the downstream cross-section of the second passageway being not greater than the cross-sectional area of the second passageway at any point along the passageway length of the second passageway. 5. A refrigeration system as set forth in claim 4 wherein the downstream cross-section of the first passageway has a first effective diameter, and wherein the downstream cross-section of the second passageway has a second effective diameter, the first effective diameter being defined as (4A1/π)1/2, where A1 is the cross-sectional area of the first passageway at the downstream cross-section of the first passageway, the second effective diameter being defined as (4A2/π)1/2, where A2 is the cross-sectional area of the second passageway at the downstream cross-section of the second passageway, the passageway length of the first passageway being at least five times the first effective diameter, the passageway length of the second passageway being at least five times the second effective diameter. 6. A refrigeration system as set forth in claim 5 wherein the passageway length of the first passageway is at least seven and one-half times the first effective diameter, and the passageway length of the second passageway is at least seven and one-half times the second effective diameter. 7. A refrigeration system as set forth in claim 5 wherein the passageway length of the first passageway is at least ten times the first effective diameter, and the passageway length of the second passageway is at least ten times the second effective diameter. 8. A refrigeration system as set forth in claim 5 wherein the passageway length of the first passageway is at least twelve and one-half times the first effective diameter, and the passageway length of the second passageway is at least twelve and one-half the second effective diameter. 9. A refrigeration system as set forth in claim 1 wherein the first nozzle is adapted and configured such that the liquid component of the refrigerant discharged from the discharge end of the first passageway has a velocity that is at least 60% that of the vapor component of the refrigerant discharged from the discharge end of the first passageway, and wherein the second nozzle is adapted and configured such that the liquid component of the refrigerant discharged from the discharge end of the second passageway has a velocity that is at least 60% that of the vapor component of the refrigerant discharged from the discharge end of the second passageway. 10. A refrigeration system as set forth in claim 1 wherein the first nozzle is adapted and configured to discharge the liquid component of the refrigerant from the discharge end of the first passageway at a velocity of at least about 190 feet per second, and wherein the second nozzle is adapted and configured to discharge the liquid component of the refrigerant from the discharge end of the second passageway at a velocity of at least about 190 feet per second. 11. A refrigeration system as set forth in claim 1 wherein the first passageway has a generally constant cross-sectional area along the passageway length of the first passageway, and wherein the second passageway has a generally constant cross-sectional area along the passageway length of the second passageway. 12. A refrigeration system as set forth in claim 11 wherein the cross-sectional area of the first passageway is different from the cross-sectional area of the second passageway. 13. A refrigeration system as set forth in claim 1 wherein the first nozzle further comprises a first necked down-region, the first passageway being downstream of the first necked-down region, the first necked-down region being adapted to constitute a portion of the flow path when the refrigeration system is operated in the first mode, and wherein the second nozzle further comprises a second necked down-region, the second passageway being downstream of the second necked-down region, the second necked-down region being adapted to constitute a portion of the flow path when the refrigeration system is operated in the second mode. 14. A refrigeration system as set forth in claim 13 wherein at least a portion of the first passageway converges as it extends toward the discharge end of the first passageway, and wherein at least a portion of the second passageway converges as it extends toward the discharge end of the second passageway. 15. A refrigeration system as set forth in claim 1 further comprising an electrically actuated valve adapted and configured to cause the second passageway to be in the flow path only when the compressor is operated at the second speed. 16. A heat pump system adapted to be operated in a heating mode and in a cooling mode, the heat pump system comprising a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a compressor, and an energy recovery apparatus, the heat pump system being configured to circulate refrigerant along a first flow path when the heat pump system is operated in one of the heating or cooling modes and configured to circulate refrigerant along a second flow path when the heat pump system is operated in the other of the heating or cooling modes, the heat pump system being configured such that refrigerant flowing along the first flow path flows from the first heat exchanger to the compressor, and from the compressor to the second heat exchanger, and from the second heat exchanger to the energy recovery apparatus, and from the energy recovery apparatus to the first heat exchanger, the heat pump system being configured such that refrigerant flowing along the second flow path flows from the second heat exchanger to the compressor, and from the compressor to the first heat exchanger, and from the first heat exchanger to the energy recovery apparatus, and from the energy recovery apparatus to the second heat exchanger, the energy recovery apparatus comprising: a first nozzle comprising a first conduit region defining a first passageway, the first passageway having a discharge end, the first passageway being adapted to constitute a portion of the flow path when the refrigeration system is operated in a first mode, the first nozzle being adapted and configured such that refrigerant is expanded as it passes through the first nozzle and is discharged from the discharge end of the first passageway in a liquid-vapor state with a liquid component and a vapor component;a second nozzle comprising a second conduit region defining a second passageway, the second passageway having a discharge end, the second passageway being adapted to constitute a portion of the flow path when the refrigeration system is operated in a second mode, the second nozzle being adapted and configured such that refrigerant is expanded as it passes through the second nozzle and is discharged from the discharge end of the second passageway in a liquid-vapor state with a liquid component and a vapor component;a turbine positioned and configured to be driven by refrigerant discharged from the discharge end of the first passageway and by refrigerant discharged from the discharge end of the second passageway:a generator coupled to the turbine and adapted to be driven by the turbine;a discharge port adapted to permit refrigerant to flow out of the energy recovery apparatus, the discharge port of the energy recovery apparatus being downstream of the turbine; anda housing, the turbine being within the housing:the heat pump system being configured and adapted such that refrigerant flows through the first passageway of the energy recovery apparatus when the heat pump system is operated in the mode which causes refrigerant to flow along the first flow path but not when the heat pump system is operated in the mode which causes refrigerant to flow along the second flow path, and the heat pump system being configured and adapted such that refrigerant flows through the second passageway of the energy recovery apparatus when the heat pump system is operated in the mode which causes refrigerant to flow along the second flow path but not when the heat pump system is operated in the mode which causes refrigerant to flow along the first flow path. 17. A heat pump system as set forth in claim 16 further comprising first and second reversing valves each being movable between a first configuration and a second configuration, the heat pump system being configured and adapted such that the first and second reversing valves are in the first configuration when the heat pump system is operated in the mode which causes refrigerant to flow along the first flow path and are in the second configuration when the heat pump system is operated in the mode which causes refrigerant to flow along the second flow path, the heat pump system being adapted and configured such that refrigerant flows from the compressor to the second heat exchanger via the first reversing valve and from second heat exchanger to the energy recovery apparatus via the second reversing valve when the heat pump system is operated in the mode which causes refrigerant to flow along the first flow path, the heat pump system being adapted and configured such that refrigerant flows from the compressor to the first heat exchanger via the first reversing valve and from the first heat exchanger to the energy recovery apparatus via the second reversing valve when the heat pump system is operated in the mode which causes refrigerant to flow along the second flow path. 18. An energy recovery apparatus for use in a refrigeration system, the refrigeration system comprising an evaporator, a compressor and a condenser, the refrigeration system being configured to circulate refrigerant along a flow path such that the refrigerant flows from the evaporator to the compressor, and from the compressor to the condenser, and from the condenser to the evaporator, the energy recovery apparatus being adapted and configured to be in the flow path operatively between the condenser and the evaporator, the energy recovery apparatus comprising: a nozzle apparatus adapted to be in the flow path and configured to expand refrigerant passing through the nozzle apparatus, the nozzle apparatus being adapted to be operable in first and second modes, the nozzle apparatus having a first discharge cross-sectional area through which refrigerant is discharged in a liquid-vapor state with a liquid component and a vapor component when the nozzle apparatus is operated in the first mode, the nozzle apparatus having a second discharge cross-sectional area through which refrigerant is discharged in a liquid-vapor state with a liquid component and a vapor component when the nozzle apparatus is operated in the second mode, the second discharge cross-sectional area being different from the first discharge cross-sectional area;a turbine positioned and configured to be driven by refrigerant discharged from the first discharge cross-sectional area only when the nozzle apparatus is operated in the first mode, the turbine being positioned and configured to be driven by refrigerant discharged from the second discharge cross-sectional area only when the nozzle apparatus is operated in the second mode;a discharge port adapted to permit refrigerant to flow out of the energy recovery apparatus, the discharge port of the energy recovery apparatus being downstream of the turbine; anda housing, the turbine being within the housing. 19. An energy recovery apparatus as set forth in claim 18 further comprising a generator coupled to the turbine and adapted to be driven by the turbine. 20. An energy recovery apparatus as set forth in claim 19 wherein the generator is within the housing.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (17)
Eisenhour Ronald Snowden, Air conditioner with energy recovery device.
Hays Lance G. (Los Angeles CA) Studhalter Walter R. (Woodland Hills CA) Ritzi Emil W. (Manhattan Beach CA), Refrigeration process using two-phase turbine.
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