IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
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국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
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출원번호 |
US-0143754
(2013-12-30)
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등록번호 |
US-9605523
(2017-03-28)
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발명자
/ 주소 |
- Zubrin, Robert M.
- Berggren, Mark H.
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출원인 / 주소 |
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대리인 / 주소 |
Brownstein Hyatt Farber schreck, LLP
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인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
0 인용 특허 :
85 |
초록
▼
The present invention is an in-situ apparatus for generating carbon dioxide gas at an oil site for use in enhanced oil recovery (EOR). The apparatus includes a steam generator adapted to boil and superheat water to generate a source of superheated steam, as well as a source of essentially pure oxyge
The present invention is an in-situ apparatus for generating carbon dioxide gas at an oil site for use in enhanced oil recovery (EOR). The apparatus includes a steam generator adapted to boil and superheat water to generate a source of superheated steam, as well as a source of essentially pure oxygen. The apparatus also includes a steam reformer adapted to react a carbonaceous material with the superheated steam and the pure oxygen, in an absence of air, to generate a driver gas comprising primarily carbon dioxide gas and hydrogen gas. A separator is adapted to separate at least a portion of the carbon dioxide gas from the rest of the driver gas to generate a carbon dioxide-rich driver gas and a hydrogen-rich fuel gas. A compressor is used for compressing the carbon dioxide-rich driver gas for use in enhanced oil recovery, and the compressed carbon dioxide-rich driver gas, with substantially no oxygen, is injected to a predetermined depth in order to enhance oil recovery at the oil site. Unlike traditional CO2-EOR, which requires large power plants stationed near metropolitan areas and expensive pipeline networks, the in-situ apparatus can be placed or constructed at the site of the oil field, while a portion of the carbonaceous material may be obtained from a site outside the oil field.
대표청구항
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1. A method of using an in-situ apparatus for generating carbon dioxide gas near an oil site for use in enhanced oil recovery, comprising: bringing an in-situ apparatus for generating carbon dioxide gas to an oil site, the apparatus comprising a steam generator adapted to boil and superheat water to
1. A method of using an in-situ apparatus for generating carbon dioxide gas near an oil site for use in enhanced oil recovery, comprising: bringing an in-situ apparatus for generating carbon dioxide gas to an oil site, the apparatus comprising a steam generator adapted to boil and superheat water to generate a source of superheated steam; a source of essentially pure oxygen; a steam reformer, located adjacent to the oil site, adapted to react a carbonaceous material with the superheated steam and the pure oxygen, in an absence of air, to generate a driver gas comprising primarily carbon dioxide gas and hydrogen gas, wherein at least a portion of the carbonaceous material is obtained from a location outside the oil site; and a separator adapted to separate at least a portion of the carbon dioxide gas from the driver gas to generate a carbon dioxide-rich driver gas and a hydrogen-rich fuel gas, wherein the separator is a methanol-based separator operating in a temperature-swing cycle between approximately −60° C. and +40° C., or a pressure-swing cycle between approximately 1 bar and 100 bar,providing a source of superheated steam;providing a source of essentially pure oxygen;controlling an input oxygen-to-steam ratio based on a temperature, a pressure, and a gas composition of a driver gas in real-time;steam reforming a carbonaceous material with the superheated steam and the pure oxygen to generate a driver gas comprising primarily carbon dioxide gas and hydrogen gas, wherein the steam reforming reaction is performed adjacent to the oil site and in an absence of air;separating at least a portion of the carbon dioxide gas from the driver gas to generate a carbon dioxide-rich driver gas and a hydrogen-rich fuel gas;compressing the carbon dioxide-rich driver gas for use in enhanced oil recovery; andinjecting the compressed portion of the carbon dioxide-rich driver gas, with substantially no oxygen, to a predetermined depth in order to enhance oil recovery at the oil site. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the carbonaceous material is selected from the group consisting of coal, biomass, natural gas, crude petroleum, ethanol, methanol, and trash. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising: generating electricity using a portion of the hydrogen-rich fuel gas. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising: utilizing a water gas-shift reaction downstream of the steam reforming reaction to convert residual carbon monoxide in the driver gas into additional carbon dioxide gas and additional hydrogen gas. 5. The method of claim 3, wherein the electricity generated has substantially less associated carbon dioxide emissions than electricity generated from combustion of the carbonaceous material. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the driver gas further comprises residual carbon monoxide, and wherein the apparatus further comprises: a water gas-shift reactor disposed downstream of the steam reformer for converting the residual carbon monoxide into additional carbon dioxide gas and additional hydrogen gas. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the driver gas further comprises residual carbon monoxide, and wherein the apparatus further comprises: a methanation reactor disposed downstream of the steam reformer for converting the residual carbon monoxide into methane. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the apparatus further comprises: a furnace adapted to utilize a portion of the hydrogen-rich fuel gas to generate heat necessary to drive the steam reformer. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the apparatus further comprises: a heat exchanger disposed between the steam generator and the steam reformer adapted to exchange heat between the hot driver gas exiting the steam reformer and the steam entering the steam reformer. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the apparatus further comprises: a condenser disposed after the heat exchanger adapted to condense and cool the driver gas before entering the separator. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the apparatus further comprises: a furnace adapted to utilize a portion of the hydrogen-rich fuel gas to generate a portion of the heat necessary to drive the steam reformer. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the steam reformer operates at a temperature of approximately 600° C. to 1000° C. 13. The method of claim 1, wherein the steam reformer operates at a pressure of approximately 5 bar to 100 bar. 14. The method of claim 1, wherein the separator is a methanol-based separator operating in a temperature-swing cycle between approximately −60° C. and +40° C., or a pressure-swing cycle between approximately 21 bar and 100 bar. 15. The method of claim 1, wherein the steam reformer is selected from the group consisting of a fixed bed reformer, a fluidized bed reformer, and an entrained-flow reformer.
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